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Elements, Compounds, & the Periodic Table

Elements, Compounds, & the Periodic Table. All chemicals can be classified as either ELEMENTS or COMPOUNDS . Elements are SUBSTANCES THAT CANNOT BE BROKEN DWON DURING A CHEMICAL REACTION . Examples include: H, O, Na, C, etc .

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Elements, Compounds, & the Periodic Table

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  1. Elements, Compounds, & the Periodic Table

  2. All chemicals can be classified as either ELEMENTS or COMPOUNDS. • Elements are SUBSTANCES THAT CANNOT BE BROKEN DWON DURING A CHEMICAL REACTION. • Examples include: H, O, Na, C, etc. **There are 91 naturally occuring elements-others are artificially created.

  3. Compounds are SUBSTANCES THAT CAN BE BROKEN DOWN INTO ELEMENTS DURING A CHEMICAL REACTION. • Examples include: H2O, NaCl, CO2, etc. • A POLYMER is a chemical compound formed by the union of small molecules & usually consisting of repeating structural units. Examples include: silly putty, flubber, & bouncy balls.

  4. Video on Elements Vs. Compounds (4:41) • Video

  5. In 1869 a Russian chemist named DIMITRI MENDELEEV announced that he had developed a chart of the elements. He listed the elements by increasing ATOMIC MASS. His chart was called the PERIODIC TABLE. • Today, the elements are listed by increasing ATOMIC NUMBER.

  6. Elements are organized according to chemical properties. Elements with similar properties are listed in COLUMNS, vertically (up/down). These are called GROUPS or FAMILIES. There are 18 from left to right. The noble gases, alkali metals, and halogens are examples.

  7. The rows or horizontal lines of elements are called PERIODS. There are 7 of these. • On the right side of the table is a zig-zag line. It is the boundary between METALS and NON METALS. • The metals are found to the LEFT of the zigzag. They are good conductors of HEAT and ELECTRICITY, can be hammered into different shapes, & are SHINY. All metals are solids at room temperature except MERCURY.

  8. The non-metals are found to the RIGHT of the zigzag. They are POOR conductors of heat & electricity, are BRITTLE, and DO NOT shine.

  9. Periodic Table NON METALS METALS

  10. Video on Periodic Table:(1:20) • Design of the modern periodic table

  11. Each box on the table represents an ELEMENT. It contains the ATOMIC NUMBER, the NAME, SYMBOL, and ATOMIC MASS.

  12. Label the following element box: Atomic number 6 C Carbon 12 symbol name Atomic mass

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