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IPv6

IPv6. Dece IPv6. Cei 32 de biti ai IPv4 limiteaza marimea Internetului. Este limitata de asemenea ierarhia Internetului. Explozia tabelelor de rutare. Usurinta configurarii. Securitatea. Adrese IPv6. Lungimea unei adrese 128 biti

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IPv6

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  1. IPv6

  2. Dece IPv6 • Cei 32 de biti ai IPv4 limiteaza marimea Internetului. • Este limitata de asemenea ierarhia Internetului. • Explozia tabelelor de rutare. • Usurinta configurarii. • Securitatea

  3. Adrese IPv6 • Lungimea unei adrese 128 biti • Se pot adresa 340.282.366.920.938.463.374.607.431.768.211.456 de hosturi • Reprezentarea adreselor • FFDC:BA98:7654:3210:FEDC:BA98:7654:3210 • 1080:0000:0000:0000:0008:0800:200C:417A

  4. Adrese IPv6 • Concatenarea adreselor • 1080:0000:0000:0000:0008:0800:200C:417A • 1080::8:800:200C:417A sau • 1080:0000:0000:3245:0000:0000:200C:417A • 1080::3245:0:0:200C:417A sau • 0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0001 • ::1 sau • 0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000 • ::

  5. Adrese IPv6 • Adrese in retele mixte IPv4/IPv6 • X:X:X:X:X:X:d.d.d.d

  6. Alocarea adreselor IPv6 • 85% nealocat

  7. Alocarea adreselor IPv6Primii digiti • 00 Nespecificat, loopback, compatibil IPV4 • 2 Aggregatable global unicast • 3 Aggregatable global unicast (6bone) • FE8 Link local • FEC Site-local • FF Multicast

  8. Structura adreselor • Un nou tip de agregabilitate • La nivel de provider (vechi) • La nivel de exchange. (NAP) • La nivel layer 2 + arbitru de rute (route arbitrer) • Adrese agregabile: • Publice • Site • Interfata

  9. Public ISP1 ISP3 X2 X1 ISP2 ISP4 Site S1 S2 P1 P2 S3 S4 S5 Hierarhia

  10. Hierarhia • Top level • Zona “default free” • Toate routerele cunosc “toata” topologia Internet • Nu exista ruta default • Site level • Local, organizati, ISP mic. • Interfata • Nodurile dintro retea

  11. Formatul adresei IPv6 • FP - format prefix • TLAD ID - identificator de top-level agregator • RES - rezervat • NLA ID - identificator de next-level agregator • SLA ID - identificator de site-level agregator • Interface ID TLA ID F P RES NLA ID SLA ID Interface ID Topologie publica Top. Site Identificator de interfata

  12. Headerul IPv6 • Scopul IPv6 este sa fie imbunatatit headerul IPv4 • Mai simplu • Flexibil • Eficient • Adresa este de 4 ori mai lung • Headerul este de numai 2 ori mai lung

  13. 0 4 12 16 24 31 Version Class Flow Label Payload Length Next Header Hop Limit 128 bit Source Address 128 bit Destination Address Formatul headerului IPv6

  14. Formatul headerului IPv4 0 4 8 16 24 31 Ver IHL Service Type Total Length Identifier Flags Fragment Offset Time to Live Protocol Header Checksum 32 bit Source Address 32 bit Destination Address Options and Padding

  15. Modificari in header • Retrase • Campul Fragmentation scos din headerul de baza • Optionile IP scos • Header Checksum eliminat • Campul Header Length eliminat • Rescrise • Time to Live ’ Hop Limit • Protocol ’ Next Header • Precedence & TOS ’ Traffic Class • Addresa creste de la 32 bit ’ 128 bit • Adaos • Campul Flow Label

  16. Rutare IPv6 • RIPv2 • BGP4+ • OSPF & ISIS cu update pentru IPv6

  17. BGP4+ • Suport pentru IPv6 “address-family” • Transport IPv6 • Ruleaza sub acelasi proces cu BGP4 – suport pentru un singur AS • Toate functiile generice implementate ca din IPv4

  18. 2001 2006 2005 2007 2002 2000 2004 2003 Q1 Q1 Q1 Q1 Q1 Q1 Q1 Q1 Q2 Q2 Q2 Q2 Q2 Q2 Q2 Q2 Q3 Q3 Q3 Q3 Q3 Q3 Q3 Q3 Q4 Q4 Q4 Q4 Q4 Q4 Q4 Q4 • Early adopter • Application porting <= Duration 3+ years => • ISP adoption <= Duration 3+ years => • Consumer adoption <= Duration 5+ years => • Enterprise adoption <= Duration 3+ years => IPv4-IPv6Coexistenta / Tranzitie

  19. Implementare • Pe bucati de la capete • Migratia nucleului doar dupa ce exista o cerere semnificativa de la clienti • Dual-stack

  20. Impedimentele adoptarii IPv6 • APLICATIILE • Portarea aplicatiilor pentru suport IPv6

  21. Medii de testare • 6bone. • www.6bone.net • M6bone • www.m6bone.net

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