1 / 38

Pete Johnston UKOLN, University of Bath Bath, BA2 7AY

Collections, services, and interoperability in the information environment Minerva Project WP3/4 meeting, Paris, 5 July 2002. Pete Johnston UKOLN, University of Bath Bath, BA2 7AY. cd-focus@ukoln.ac.uk http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/. UKOLN is supported by:.

parkermichelle
Télécharger la présentation

Pete Johnston UKOLN, University of Bath Bath, BA2 7AY

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Collections, services, and interoperability in the information environmentMinerva Project WP3/4 meeting, Paris, 5 July 2002 Pete Johnston UKOLN, University of Bath Bath, BA2 7AY cd-focus@ukoln.ac.uk http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/ UKOLN is supported by:

  2. Collections, services, and interoperability • Collections & services • The information environment vision • Standards for the information environment Draws heavily on work of Andy Powell and Liz Lyon (UKOLN) on Architecture for JISC Information Environment http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/distributed-systems/dner/arch/ Minerva project WP3/4 meeting, Paris, 5 July 2002

  3. Collections & services

  4. Collections • Collection • “an aggregation of one or more items” • Aggregations of, e.g. • physical items • natural objects: fossils, mineral samples… • created objects: documents, artefacts, records… • digital items • digital resources: documents, images, multimedia objects, data, software, “learning objects”… • digital metadata records: MARC, DC, IMS/LOM, CLDs… • Various criteria for aggregation, e.g. • location, type/form of item, provenance of item, source/ownership of item, nature of item content Minerva project WP3/4 meeting, Paris, 5 July 2002

  5. Services • Service • “the provision of, or system of supplying, one or more functions of interest to an end user or software application” • Informational services • provide access to items and/or collections • e.g. a library, a Web site, a catalogue • Transactional services • not primarily concerned with supply of information • e.g. photocopy service, authentication service • Users access content through informational services Minerva project WP3/4 meeting, Paris, 5 July 2002

  6. Services • Physical service • provided physically • Network service • provided digitally • Structured network service • network service that provides structured access to structured resources • user is software application • Unstructured network service • presenting resources to human user Minerva project WP3/4 meeting, Paris, 5 July 2002

  7. Physicalservice Collection of physicalitems Physicallocation Physical collections & physical services Physical services make physical collections available at physical locations Minerva project WP3/4 meeting, Paris, 5 July 2002

  8. Website Collection of digitalitems Digitallocation Networkservice(unstructured) Digital collections & network services Network services make digital collections available at digital locations Minerva project WP3/4 meeting, Paris, 5 July 2002

  9. OPACWebinterface Collection of digitalmetadata records Digitallocation Networkservice(unstructured) Physical collections Minerva project WP3/4 meeting, Paris, 5 July 2002

  10. Collection of digitalitems Website Networkservice(unstructured) Collection of digitalmetadata records Digitallocation Digital collections Minerva project WP3/4 meeting, Paris, 5 July 2002

  11. Website Collection available viamultiple network services OAI repository Harvestvia OAI-PMH Z39.50 target Collection of digitalitems Collection of digitalmetadata records Search/retrievevia Z39.50 RSS channel Alert via RSS SOAP receiver unstructured network service operationsvia SOAP structured network service Digital collections & network services Minerva project WP3/4 meeting, Paris, 5 July 2002

  12. The information environment vision

  13. Collections in the JISC Information Environment • Content made available as collections • Physical collections • of physical items (e.g. books, journals) • Digital collections • of digital items (text, image, audio-video, software, datasets etc) • of digital metadata records • describing physical items (e.g. MARC records in OPAC) • describing digital items (e.g. Dublin Core records in subject gateway database) • describing physical collections (e.g. EAD CLDs in Archives Hub database) • metadata rec contains identifier/locator of resource Minerva project WP3/4 meeting, Paris, 5 July 2002

  14. Using Collections in the JISC Information Environment • Task: construct reading list of digital and physical items on subject of “financial fraud” • Visit web site of Resource Discovery Network • Portal to subject gateway databases of metadata about Internet resources • Search using “Resource Finder” service • Note results • Visit web site of Zetoc • Web interface to British Library database of metadata about journal articles • Search Zetoc database • Note results Minerva project WP3/4 meeting, Paris, 5 July 2002

  15. http://www.rdn.ac.uk/ Minerva project WP3/4 meeting, Paris, 5 July 2002

  16. Minerva project WP3/4 meeting, Paris, 5 July 2002

  17. http://zetoc.mimas.ac.uk/ Minerva project WP3/4 meeting, Paris, 5 July 2002

  18. Minerva project WP3/4 meeting, Paris, 5 July 2002

  19. Using Collections in the JISC Information Environment : Issues • Different user interfaces • Different metadata schemas • HTML Web sites • Unstructured network services • Aimed at human reader • Merging results requires manual copy/paste/edit • Researcher “joins up” services manually • “The portal problem” • How to provide seamless discovery across multiple content providers? Minerva project WP3/4 meeting, Paris, 5 July 2002

  20. Content Web Web Web Web Authorisation Authentication End-user Using Collections in the JISC Information Environment Currently…. End-user needs to join services together manually - as well as learning multiple user interfaces Minerva project WP3/4 meeting, Paris, 5 July 2002

  21. The portal challenge • Content providers • make content available as collections • disclose collections of metadata records about content through structured network services • searching, harvesting, alerting • Portal service providers • construct task/user-centred portals • thin portals • “shallow linking”: pointers to unstructured network services • thick portals • “deep linking”: richer discovery/access functionality based on use of structured network services Minerva project WP3/4 meeting, Paris, 5 July 2002

  22. The Information Environment • Portals need • to find/identify relevant content collections • What digital collections are available? • to access metadata records through appropriate structured network service • What network services available for collection? • What interface/protocol? What instance-specific parameters? • Information environment • framework of structured (machine-oriented) network services • to support shift from multiple stand-alone Web sites to more integrated whole Minerva project WP3/4 meeting, Paris, 5 July 2002

  23. The IE service registry • Work in progress! • Database of • Collection-level descriptions • Service descriptions • informational • transactional • Accessible via network services • unstructured • Web site (HTML) • structured (probably….) • search using Z39.50 • harvest using OAI-PMH • search via UDDI Minerva project WP3/4 meeting, Paris, 5 July 2002

  24. Content Web Web Web Web Authentication Authorisation Service Registry Collection Description Portal Service Description Resolver End-user User Profiles The service registry in the Information Environment The vision…. End-user is “automatically” presented with relevant resources through relevant channels Minerva project WP3/4 meeting, Paris, 5 July 2002

  25. Content Web Web Web Web Broker or Aggregator Service Registry Collection Description Service Description Resolver User Profiles The service registry in the Information Environment The vision…. Authentication Authorisation May involve intermediate “fusion services” (aggregators, brokers) Portal End-user Minerva project WP3/4 meeting, Paris, 5 July 2002

  26. Website OAI repository Harvestvia OAI-PMH Service Registry Z39.50 target Collection Description Search/retrievevia Z39.50 Service Description UDDIinterface Search/retrievevia SOAP Service registry & network services Minerva project WP3/4 meeting, Paris, 5 July 2002

  27. Standards in the information environment

  28. Standards in the information environment • Combining metadata from multiple providers • depends on shared practice • Metadata syntax • Extensible Markup Language (XML) • Growing use of W3C XML Schema e.g. • OAI PMH • UK e-government Interoperability Framework • Metadata semantics • Dublin Core Metadata Element Set • simple, unqualified DC as base for interoperability • Control values of key access points • subject classification, audience level, resource type, provenance Minerva project WP3/4 meeting, Paris, 5 July 2002

  29. Z39.50 • Z39.50 • ANSI/NISO Z39.50-1995; ISO 23950:1998 • search and retrieve • cross-searching of remote databases • profiling to meet specific community/application needs • vendor implementation variations • Bath Profile • designed to improve interoperability between library & cross-domain applications • minimise use of defaults • more accurate, precise searches • cross-domain: unqualified DC in XML (XML DTD) Minerva project WP3/4 meeting, Paris, 5 July 2002

  30. Open Archives Initiative Protocol for Metadata Harvesting • Open Archives Initiative Protocol for Metadata Harvesting • lightweight protocol which allows sharing of metadata records as XML documents using HTTP • harvest/gather not cross-search • service provider asks data provider for • all records • all records updated in last n days • must supply unqualified DC (XML Schema) • may supply other formats (XML Schema) • e.g. IMS Learning Resource Metadata • Considerations of whether you want (or have permission) to share metadata records Minerva project WP3/4 meeting, Paris, 5 July 2002

  31. RDF Site Summary • RDF Site Summary • RDF/XML application for syndicated news feeds (RSS 1.0) • “channel” as XML document at fixed location on Web • contains locators and simple descriptions of news items (not the items themselves) • makes use of DC elements • “alerting” by periodic gathering of RSS channel file - no querying • channel can include name/logo/URL of provider for “branding” Minerva project WP3/4 meeting, Paris, 5 July 2002

  32. SOAP, WSDL & UDDI • Web services • self-contained, self-describing, modular applications that can be published, located and invoked across the Web (IBM) • Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) • protocol for exchanging structured information, based on XML, HTTP • basis for remote procedure call to structured network service • body of request sent in XML • procedure executes on server • results returned in XML Minerva project WP3/4 meeting, Paris, 5 July 2002

  33. SOAP, WSDL & UDDI • Web Service Description Language (WSDL) • XML application for describing Web services • what a service does • how a service is accessed (interface) • where a service is located (implementation) • Universal Discovery, Description & Integration (UDDI) • technology for distributed registry of Web services • businessEntity = organisation • businessService = collection (approximately!) • bindingTemplate = service • tModel = protocol Minerva project WP3/4 meeting, Paris, 5 July 2002

  34. SOAP, WSDL & UDDI • JISC IE architecture currently does not explicitly include SOAP but... • conceptually compatible with Web services approach • recognition that SOAP-based services growing in importance • UDDI uses SOAP • work-in-progress on Z39.50 in SOAP (ZiNG/SRW) • experiments on OAI PMH in SOAP? Minerva project WP3/4 meeting, Paris, 5 July 2002

  35. Learning objects • Learning object (LOM) / resource (IMS) • object with a specified educational purpose/context • educational objective, self-contained, reusable • self-describing (metadata & content) • may be aggregated into packages/assemblies • Some resources within IE collections are • potential content for learning objects • learning objects • Some collections within IE are collections of learning objects Minerva project WP3/4 meeting, Paris, 5 July 2002

  36. Learning object metadata • Learning object metadata • learning objects typically described using IEEE LOM or IMS Learning Resource Metadata • i.e. richer metadata schema than simple DC • Discovery in IE based mainly on simple DC • good mapping between LOM and DC • use of DC-Ed application profile? • LOM/IMS metadata available for use within Virtual Learning Environments etc • Work in progress to explore better integration of Virtual Learning Environments and IE Minerva project WP3/4 meeting, Paris, 5 July 2002

  37. Beyond the technology… • Not only technical interoperability • Encouraging various parties to see themselves as part of larger whole • content appearing in new contexts • issues of ownership, “branding”, rights • of metadata, of resources • Collaboration at practitioner levels • e.g. UK Metadata for Education Group (MEG) • open forum for debating description/provision of educational resources at all levels across UK • principles enshrined in the MEG Concord • Collaboration at strategic levels Minerva project WP3/4 meeting, Paris, 5 July 2002

  38. Acknowledgements • UKOLN is funded by Resource: the Council for Museums, Archives and Libraries, the Joint Information Systems Committee (JISC) of the UK higher and further education funding councils, as well as by project funding from the JISC and the European Union. UKOLN also receives support from the University of Bath where it is based. • http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/ Minerva project WP3/4 meeting, Paris, 5 July 2002

More Related