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This text explores the reasons behind the Germans' dislike and persecution of Jews, including their perception of Jews as a threat to the economy and as an inferior race. It also discusses the influence of propaganda and discriminatory policies.
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Warm Up (Question missed on Test) Why did the Germans dislike and persecute the Jews? A. The Germans saw the Jews as a threat to the economy because they were taking away jobs from Germans. OR B. Germans saw the Jews as an inferior race of humans and that the German race was superior to the Jews and encouraged Germans to persecute them.
READ THIS!!! “A self-respecting nation cannot, on a scale accepted up to now, leave its higher activities in the hands of people of racially foreign origin . . . Allowing the presence of too high a percentage of people of foreign origin in relation to their percentage in the general population could be interpreted as an acceptance of the superiority of other races, something decidedly to be rejected.” The Deutsche Allgemeine Zeitung of 27 April 1933
Now again, select the BEST answer…. Which of the following expresses the attitude of the author and most contributed to the Holocaust? A. The Germans saw the Jews as a threat to the economy because they were taking away jobs from Germans. OR B. Germans saw the Jews as an inferior race of humans and that the German race was superior to the Jews and encouraged Germans to persecute them.
Warm Up “To the Victor Belong the Spoils.” With your partner brainstorm and write possible meanings for the quote in general, and in relation to the end of World War II.
Historical Winners and Losers North defeats South in American Civil War Rome defeats Carthage after two-year siege Allies defeat Central Powers in WWI
Why do you think the Allies partitioned Germany? Why did the four parts of Germany combine into two Germanys?
The U.S.S.R was also in control of Eastern Europe which they held as satellite nations. Satellite Nations – A satellite state is a political term for a country that is formally independent, but under heavy political and economic influence or control by another country.
What is the U.S.S.R.? Union of Soviet Socialist Republics - was a constitutionally socialist state that existed between 1922 and 1991, ruled as a single-party state by the Communist Party with Moscow as its capital. A union of 15 subnational Soviet republics, its government and economy were highly centralized.
These are the countries that exist today that were once apart of the U.S.S.R.
Quick Review of the Basics of Communism Communism - a government where people shared work fairly and were paid equally. The word “Communism” comes from the Latin word “Communis” which means common or belonging to all. In a communist society the government is in control of the government and economic system. They own the means of production. They own the property. There is the bourgeoisies the upper class. There is the proletariat the working class. This basic idea is that capitalism makes the rich get richer will the poor get poor. Communism is a is meant to be the great equalizer.
Capitalism creates huge factories. Workers become concentrated and begin to organize for legal reforms (higher wages/better working conditions). Their effort fails. Fierce competition between capitalists leads to new technologies, which leads to lower costs. In the competition, some capitalists go bankrupt & have to become workers, and many workers lose their jobs as new technology replaces them. Greater numbers of people permanently unemployed. Misery widespread. Fewer people can afford the products of capitalists, so fewer companies survive. Class struggles intensify. Conditions now ripe for revolution. The proletariat, having nothing to lose but their chains, rise up. Marx’s Theory
Revolution will eliminate private property. No longer will man have the means of exploiting another man. Bourgeoisie will fight, so revolution will be violent. A dictatorship of the proletariat will weed out remaining capitalist elements. The Worker’s Utopia In the end, a classless society with no more oppression or internal contradictions. People will be free to choose how they labor, and can be creatively productive. They will be able to live to their fullest potential. Marx’s Theory This was the result the U.S.S.R. was hoping for when it was first formed.
As World War II wraps up the political disagreements between the United States and the Soviet Union will intensify which will lead to an ideological conflict for the next 60 years which is called the Cold War. Rivalry with the Soviet Union promoted American fears of communism.
Soviet Aggression– Between 1918 to 1920 communists defeated anti-communists in Russia. In 1922 the communists created the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR or the Soviet Union). European countries and the United States feared that communist expansion threatened established government particularly democracy and freedom (see Red Scare). Following World War II, communists sought to take over Greece and establish an airbase in Turkey.
Go to your read-a-long page. Discuss with your partner the following question: What fear was created in the U.S. when communists in Russia formed the Soviet Union in 1922?
Truman Doctrine– (1947) policy of the Truman administration to support Greece and Turkey with military and economic aid to enable them to “survive as a free nation.” Several policies of President Harry S. Truman were directed at containing Soviet (communist) aggression, and he persuaded Congress that this was a global struggle of freedom over communism. Truman believed that the United States should support “free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures,” a belief that was the basis of his Truman Doctrine, and which guided American foreign policy for many years.
Go to your read-a-long page. Discuss with your partner the following question: What fundamental belief was behind the Truman Doctrine?
Iron Curtain– phrase used by Winston Churchillto describe the division of Europe between communist and democratic nations. The Iron Curtainsymbolized the ideological conflict and physical boundary dividing Europe into two separate areas from the end of World War II in 1945 until the end of the Cold War in 1991.
Containment – U.S. policy regarding the Soviet Union and preventing the spread of its communistinfluence throughout the world. This was our philosophy of handling the spread of communism from 1945-1989.
Go to your read-a-long page. Discuss with your partner the following question: What is the theory behind the U.S. policy of Containment?
Marshall Plan – In 1947 Secretary of State George Marshall proposed an economic program to contain communism. His Marshall Plan supported economic aid to Europe and generated increased trade between the United States and European nations. The Marshall Plan extended financial aid to friendly European nations rebuilding after the destruction of the war. Marshall received the 1953 Nobel Peace Prize for the plan.
Go to your read-a-long page. Discuss with your partner the following question: How did the Marshall Plan support the U.S. policy of Containment?
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)– In 1948 Stalin attempted to eliminate involvement of the West in Berlin and enacted the Berlin blockade. This prompted the United States to join Canada, Iceland, and nine other western European nations in the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). Each pledged loyalty to the other in case of attack.
Berlin Airlift(1948-1949)– During the Communist blockade of West Berlin, British and U.S. planes flew humanitarian supplies into Berlin for nearly a year. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5GoIL9gVonQ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fQ30Rgc5Prc
Go to your read-a-long page. Discuss with your partner the following questions: What effect did the Soviet blockade of Berlin have on U.S. foreign policy? How did the Berlin Airlift increase America’s stance as a world power?
Berlin Wall– In 1961, the Soviet-backed the East German government (GDR) began constructing a fenceto halt the flow of human resources from the East to the West. This also closed escape routes of East Germany. The Wall was a symbol of the division of East and West for the remainder of the Cold War until it was taken down in 1989.
Go to your read-a-long page. Discuss with your partner the following questions: Describe the term “Iron Curtain”. Why was the Berlin Wall constructed? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OwQsTzGkbiY
