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Ancient Rome

Ancient Rome. Geography of Rome Early Peoples Roman Republic Rise and Fall of Julius Caesar Augustus and Constantine Fall of Rome. Geography of Rome. Turn to pg. 209 in your Ancient World Book.

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Ancient Rome

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  1. Ancient Rome Geography of Rome Early Peoples Roman Republic Rise and Fall of Julius Caesar Augustus and Constantine Fall of Rome

  2. Geography of Rome • Turn to pg. 209 in your Ancient World Book. Look at the map. The green area signifies the largest area of the Roman Empire. Use this map to complete the following tasks: - Make a T-Chart like this in your notebook- Familiar Not-Familiar Look at the names of countries and cities on the map. If you have heard of them, place them on the “familiar” side. If you have not, place them on the “Not-familiar” side. Answer this question into your notebook: 1. “What difficulties would the Romans have had trying to control an empire that large?”

  3. Geography of Rome Cont….. • Turn to page 211 • Look at the map and answer the following questions using RAP. 2. Identify the 3 different groups of people that controlled the area before the Romans 3. Rome was located where it was for 3 main reasons. Identify each reason and why each was important. 4. Rome is located on a peninsula (Surrounded by water on 3 sides) Can you name any other peninsulas located in the world?

  4. Geography of Rome • Rome is located on the Tiber River that flows through the city • It is also located on 7 hills that made it easy to defend. • Rome is located at the center of a peninsula in the Mediterranean Sea. • The peninsula, hills and the sea made it difficult for enemies to attack Rome. Rome Greece Mediterranean Sea

  5. Geography Warm-Up • RAP the following answers into your Notebook • What were the 3 reasons that Rome was located where it was? • Compare the geography of Rome to another civilization we have studied. Is it similar or different? Why? • Rome is located on a peninsula. Why is that a good location to build a civilization?

  6. Early Peoples • Rome was first settled in around 900 B.C. • Rome was taken over by the Etruscans in the 600’s B.C. • The Etruscans ruled Rome with their Kings. • The Romans adopted their clothing (Togas), gods and also used their written language which was the Greek alphabet. • Other groups that controlled parts of the area were the Greeks and Carthaginians. Rome

  7. Rise of the Republic • After driving the last Etruscan king from the throne, Romans vowed never to give power to only one person. • They decided to create a form of government that shared power between the people. • This government is called a Republic- where citizens who have the right to vote select their leaders.

  8. Roman Republic Dictator A dictator was only appointed for up to 6 months during emergencies Consul Consul 2 chief officials (Consuls) were elected so one would not have all the power Senate A group made up of 300 elected men who advised the consuls on foreign affairs, laws and finances. At first it was only the Patricians, but later on, Plebeians could be senators Patricians- wealthy, upper-class citizens (Rich guys) Plebeians- Ordinary citizens. (Poor Guys) Copy and title this blank diagram into your journal. Use pgs 212-213 to try and fill in the diagram!

  9. Fall of The Republic • Even though they could be senators, the plebeians felt powerless. Plebeians began to lose their farms and jobs to the Patricians. • Eventually, the poor threatened to not serve in the Roman Army. In response, the Senate passed The Laws of The 12 Tables, which gave the poor certain rights. • But, the damage was done. The Senate began to lose it’s power and the rich hired private armies to fight for control of Rome.

  10. Rise of Julius Caesar 100 B.C • While things were bad in Rome, their armies were conquering North Africa, Spain and Greece. • Julius Caesar was the powerful Roman general who conquered Gaul (France) in 51 B.C. He returned to Rome in 49 B.C. to take control of the government • He became the only consul in 45 B.C. • He became dictator for life in 44 B.C. 40 B.C

  11. Fall of Caesar • Many Senators felt that Caesar had too much power and they were again being ruled by a king (Remember the Etruscans?) • On March 15th 44 B.C., Caesar attended a Senate meeting. During the meeting, some Senators drew out knives and stabbed him to death. Many felt he had become too powerful too fast. **”What do you think happened in Rome when he was killed?”** (Hint: remember your China Dynasty cycle) Answer: Civil War for 13 years

  12. Rise of Augustus • After the Civil war, Caesar’s adopted son Octavian held power. In 27 B.C.- the Senate awarded him the title of “Augustus” which means “highly respected.” He became the 1st Emperor of the Roman Empire. The Empire would live under an Emperor for the next 500 years. Fun question: “What 2 months on our calendar are named for Roman Rulers?” Answer: July and August for Julius and Augustus

  13. After Break Questions RAP the following into your journal after discussing the answer with others in your pod! • Who were the 2 of the 3 early groups of settlers of Rome before the Romans? • Rome had an early government that consisted of 2 consuls, a dictator and a Senate, can you recall it’s name and construct the diagram? • Who was the Roman General who returned from Gaul to take over Rome? • Caesar was murdered by his Senate, this caused several events to happen. Can you give me a few of them? 5. Give 3 pieces of evidence as to why the city of Rome was easy to defend and why….

  14. Augustus • Augustus came to power after Julius Caesar • Rome expanded and was at it’s largest under Augustus. • With Augustus, Rome entered into 200 years of peace known as the “PaxRomana.” • One reason Augustus was such a good ruler is that when he took over new lands, he only enslaved a few and let most of the others remain free. They could also practice their own religion and govern their own areas as long as there was peace and they paid Rome their taxes. -Augustus died in 14 A.D.

  15. Diocletian and Constantine Ruled from 284-305 A.D. Ruled from 312-337 A.D. Outlawed the new religion of Christianity and executed many of it’s followers Saw a cross in the sky before a battle and felt it had won him the war. Encouraged Christianity in the Empire and he may have converted himself. Divided the Roman Empire into 2 parts; Eastern and Western 1. http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=92CA8341-7077-4A7E-B5A2-4BAA5FFF95B8&blnFromSearch=1&productcode=US Moved the capital of the empire from Rome to Constantinople (Byzantium)

  16. The Fall of Rome Use pgs. 237-240 in Ancient World to try and figure out the 5 causes of the Fall of Rome Weak and Corrupt Rulers The Rise of the Byzantine Empire in the East (Constantinople) Severe Economic Problems Fall of the Western Roman Empire (476 a.d.) The Empire became too large to control The near disappearance of education and art in Europe. (The Dark Ages) An army made up of Mercenaries Main Idea The Middle Ages and Feudalism in Europe. (500-1500 A.D.) Invasions by the stronger Barbarian Tribes (The Goths) http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=92CA8341-7077-4A7E-B5A2-4BAA5FFF95B8&blnFromSearch=1&productcode=US Causes Effects

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