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Why do nations expand?

Why do nations expand? . Among early visitors to Southeast Asia were Indian sailors and merchants, followed in numbers by Chinese and later Japanese sailors and traders. Notable among the Indian names was the loose term ‘ Suvarnadvipa ’ or ‘Land of Gold’. The Indians must have

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Why do nations expand?

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  1. Why do nations expand?

  2. Among early visitors to Southeast Asia were Indian sailors and merchants, followed in numbers by Chinese and later Japanese sailors and traders. Notable among the Indian names was the loose term ‘Suvarnadvipa’ or ‘Land of Gold’. The Indians must have located sources of gold in SEA. The Chinese and the Japanese used respectively the expressions ‘Nanyang’ and ‘Nanyo’, both translated as ‘southern seas’ to indicate rather vaguely their sense of direction or location. The Chinese and Japanese terms reflected the sea-minded people who used them. They thought that SEA consisted of seas with adjacent lands. Adapted from Russell H Fifield, The Concept of Southeast Asia:Origins, Development and Evaluation, South-East Asian Spectrum, Vol 1, No 1 Oct 1975 (Bangkok) pp 42-43

  3. Asia

  4. MOTIVATIONS– why come to Southeast Asia? Lets think… Why do you think western nations venture into Southeast Asia? And how did their motivations change Southeast Asia?

  5. World

  6. MOTIVATIONS Main aim: Economic purposes? • Development of Navigation • Spice Trade • Spread of Christianity

  7. Southeast Asia

  8. MOTIVATIONS • Source of Raw Materials • New Markets • Competition in Trade • Economic Depression • Imperial Rivalry • White Man’s Burden – civilising mission

  9. Southeast Asia

  10. Industrialization – need for raw materials • Industrial revolution taking place in Europe in the 19th century • Growth of the automobile and growing dependency on automobile • Needed a constant and cheap supply of raw materials • Rubber was required for the tyres • Malaya and Vietnam had the lands and • suitable climate to produce rubber • cheaper to produce • tin was required for manufacturing of • tin plate and cans • Malaya had been producing tin before • the 19th century

  11. Trade and Profit • Exotic items, spices and tin were in demand in Europe • The colonial masters figured out they could profit if they exported these items back to Europe  Control of trade and resources • Malaya was producing tin which was needed in Europe due to Industrialisation • The French saw Vietnam as a springboard to trade with China due to her geographical location Pepper plant: an important spice and was an early export of Kedah

  12. Imperial Rivalry • Imperial competition for territories • Territory grabbing in Africa and America now Southeast Asia • Unknown lands and unknown but potential riches • Competition to get more territories increase empire size and possibly riches

  13. Civilizing mission • White Man’s Burden • Do you think they really wanted to civilize the natives? BUT

  14. MENTALITY • Mentality of the White Man • White Man’s Burden by Rudyard Kipling • Superiority: the whites viewed themselves as superior beings to the natives What were the words used to describe the natives? • They had the duty to civilise the natives

  15. What is the hunter doing in this picture? Who do you think the natives are represented by? What does this tell you about the attitude of the Whites towards the natives?

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