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National Innovations in CWS Funding: What’s Working?

National Innovations in CWS Funding: What’s Working?. Michael Lawler Co-Director, Center for Public Policy Research and Director, The Center for Human Services UC Davis Extension University of California, Davis. Study Methodology. Internet document review

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National Innovations in CWS Funding: What’s Working?

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  1. National Innovations in CWS Funding: What’s Working? Michael Lawler Co-Director, Center for Public Policy Research and Director, The Center for Human Services UC Davis Extension University of California, Davis

  2. Study Methodology • Internet document review • Telephone interviews with state and local agencies • Interviews with national experts • Data gathered Sep-Nov 2006

  3. Child Welfare Budget Methodologies in Selected States

  4. Texas • Reorganized and consolidated a number of human services • Using private contracts and new public programs to address CFSR • Basic CWS budget formation similar to California • Sixth highest child poverty rate in the US (23%)

  5. New York • Changes driven by consent decrees (Marisol cases) • Reduced caseloads, increased training, configured services by neighborhoods • Focus on prevention • 3 major CWS funding components: uncapped services reimbursement, foster care block grant, quality enhancement • Outcomes: Decrease in foster care, increase in adoptions • Moving toward incentive based funding in NYC

  6. Illinois • Major reductions in caseloads due to consent decrees and CFSR • Home of Relative Reform legislation to help pay for kin care rather than creating dependants • Focus on caseload reductions with some private contracts • Caseload standards: 15:1 for placement, 12:1 for investigations • Reduced number of foster children from 52,000 to 18,000 while steadily increasing CWS budget

  7. Minnesota • Strong reputation for innovation • Focusing on comprehensive assessment program to prevent maltreatment and placement • Sophisticated monitoring system similar to California • CFSR outcomes among the best

  8. Florida • Using private agencies to provide much of CWS • Low salaries and high caseloads leading to high turnover of CWS staff (30%) • Funding for state’s data reporting system has been suspended

  9. California strengths • Excellent quarterly monitoring system (CWS/CMS and UCB) • Relatively stable and educated workforce • 2030 standards for workloads • Hold harmless approach

  10. Summary of Fiscal Models • Wide variation across states • Changes driven by CFSRs • Not all states have county input • Some rely on competitive bidding • "Hold harmless" approach unique to California • Some states (e.g., New York) moving to incentives and outcome based budgeting

  11. Bottom line • All states want flexible funding to reward and support improved outcomes • Most states still use a caseload driven formula for budgeting • Jury is still out on private contracting and performance based budgeting

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