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Simple Machines

Simple Machines. Physics Mrs. Coyle. What are some simple machines?. Lever Incline Plane Pulley. Simple Machines. Multiply the effort force (allows you to use a smaller effort force to raise a heavier object). Change the direction of the force. Do not reduce the work input.

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Simple Machines

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  1. Simple Machines PhysicsMrs. Coyle

  2. What are some simple machines? • Lever • Incline Plane • Pulley

  3. Simple Machines • Multiply the effort force (allows you to use a smaller effort force to raise a heavier object). • Change the direction of the force. • Do not reduce the work input.

  4. Archimedes: ”GIVE ME A PLACE TO STAND AND I WILL MOVE THE EARTH” http://www.math.nyu.edu/~crorres/Archimedes/Lever/leverBigCorners.gif

  5. Lever

  6. Mechanical Advantage MA= Output Force(Weight of Object) Input Force (Effort) • MA shows how much you are multiplying your effort force.

  7. What is the trade off? • What happens to the effort distance, when a machine multiplies the effort force? • Answer: Effort distance increases

  8. Ideal Mechanical Advantage • IMA= Effort Distance (din ) Output Distance (dout ) • IMA is equal to MA in the absence of friction (ideal case).

  9. IMA for a Lever • IMA= Effort Distance = Effort Arm Output Distance Load Arm

  10. Problem What is the ideal mechanical advantage of the lever shown? IMA=3 Load Fulcrum Effort

  11. Lever • http://www.walter-fendt.de/ph11e/lever.htm

  12. Types of Levers • Type1 • Type 2 • Type 3

  13. Incline Plane

  14. dOUT dIN http://www.edinformatics.com/math_science/simple_machines/Inclined_plane.gif

  15. Problem: Which has a greater IMA? A B

  16. Problem: Find the IMA. 10m 5m

  17. Pulleys

  18. Pulleys

  19. Single Fixed Pulley Ideally: Win=Wout Findin= Foutdout IMA= din /dout =1

  20. Single Moveable Pulley IMA= 2

  21. Combination of Fixed and Moveable Pulleys IMA= 2

  22. IMA for Pulleys • The IMA of pulleys can quickly be found by counting the number of lifting strands.

  23. Question What is the IMA of the following pulleys?

  24. Efficiency • Efficiency indicates the percentage of the input work that was converted to useful work and not lost to friction. • % eff = (Wout / Win) x 100 % • % eff = (MA / IMA) x 100 %

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