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CNGS Project: Secondary Beam

CNGS Project: Secondary Beam. Layout Beam Instrumentation Commissioning Plans for the Secondary Beam. 700m. 100m. 1000m. 26m. 67m. vacuum. CNGS Layout. p + C  (interactions)  p + , K +  (decay in flight)  m + + n m. 1. Layout Sec. Beam.

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CNGS Project: Secondary Beam

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  1. CNGS Project: Secondary Beam • Layout • Beam Instrumentation • Commissioning Plans for the Secondary Beam E. Gschwendtner, CERN AB/ATB

  2. E. Gschwendtner, CERN AB/ATB

  3. 700m 100m 1000m 26m 67m vacuum CNGS Layout p + C (interactions)p+, K+ (decay in flight)m+ + nm E. Gschwendtner, CERN AB/ATB 1. Layout Sec. Beam

  4. Horn and Reflector: Secondary Beam Focusing Principle of Focusing: 0.35 m inner conductor E. Gschwendtner, CERN AB/ATB 1. Layout Sec. Beam

  5. 50GeV 400GeV protons 35GeV Target 22GeV Horn Reflector Horn AND Reflector Focalising many particles: Focalising particles of all energies: E. Gschwendtner, CERN AB/ATB 1. Layout Sec. Beam

  6. I 50ms t Every 6s Horn & Reflector Main Parameters Horn • Length (magnetic volume): 6.65 m • Total length: 7.45 m • Diameter: 70 cm • Material: Al alloy 6082 • Water cooling: distributed spray nozzles E. Gschwendtner, CERN AB/ATB 1. Layout Sec. Beam

  7. Horn Installation of the horn in the target chamber E. Gschwendtner, CERN AB/ATB

  8. Horn & Reflector Powering E. Gschwendtner, CERN AB/ATB 1. Layout Sec. Beam

  9. Helium Tubes E. Gschwendtner, CERN AB/ATB

  10. Decay Tube E. Gschwendtner, CERN AB/ATB

  11. Decay Tube • steel pipe • 1mbar • 994m long • 2.45m diameter • entrance window: 3mm Ti • exit window: 50mm carbon steel, water cooled April 2004: vacuum tests ok E. Gschwendtner, CERN AB/ATB 1. Layout Sec. Beam

  12. Shutter Decay tube is closed with →3mm Titanium window Mustbe protected by a ‘shutter’ when access → Hardware Interlocked!!! E. Gschwendtner, CERN AB/ATB 1. Layout Sec. Beam

  13. Hadron Stop graphite cooling modules • Cooling modules: stainless steel tubes in Al blocks • Several temperature sensors (both in target chamber and in hadron stop) Hadron Stop finished Sept. 2003 E. Gschwendtner, CERN AB/ATB

  14. 2. Secondary Beam Instrumentation 2. Sec. Beam Instrumentation E. Gschwendtner, CERN AB/ATB

  15. 2.7m 43.4m 100m 1095m 18m 5m 67m 5m CNGS Secondary Beam Instrumentation TBID/2IonCh Cross-hair/2IonCh Muon Detectors IonCh: Ionization Chamber TBID: Target Beam Instrumentation Downstream 2. Sec. Beam Instrumentation E. Gschwendtner, CERN AB/ATB

  16. TBID 2 IonCh L/R TBID + 2 Ionization Chambers Purpose: • Check efficiency with which protons are converted into secondaries • Multiplicity (Compare with BFCT upstream of the target) • Misalignment of the Beam Ionization Chamber used as back-up 2. Sec. Beam Instrumentation E. Gschwendtner, CERN AB/ATB

  17. TBID TBID Monitor ● Secondary emission monitor ● 12 µm Ti foils ● better than 10-4 mbar vacuum 2. Sec. Beam Instrumentation E. Gschwendtner, CERN AB/ATB

  18. Cross-Hair observed by 2 IonCh L/R Monitors Cross-Hair + 2 Ionization Chambers Motivation for cross-hair and 2 ionization chambers • CNGS proton beam direction is important • additional, more accurate information on proton beam angle (works only without target and with horn/reflector off) • angular accuracy achieved by BPMs (11 m apart) is limited • target chamber is > 100 m long… bigger lever arm • additional “active” detector is difficult / expensive →NuMI/Fermilab invention 2. Sec. Beam Instrumentation E. Gschwendtner, CERN AB/ATB

  19. beam Cross-hair beam view (schematic) Monitors Cross-Hair • Layout: • 4mm wide • appendix 10mm long • 20mm thick along the beam-axis Installation slightly off-axis (10mm): • gives the sign of the offset • avoids over-heating the metal when beam on axis 2. Sec. Beam Instrumentation E. Gschwendtner, CERN AB/ATB

  20. Muon Monitors • Monitoring of: • muon intensity • muon beam profile shape • muon beam profile centre • Muon intensity: • Up to 7.7x107 per cm2 and 10.5µs • Monitors: • 2 muon detectors with each 17 fixed monitors + 1 movable monitor (ionization chambers) 2. Sec. Beam Instrumentation E. Gschwendtner, CERN AB/ATB

  21. µ Muon Monitor Layout • 17 fixed monitors (Ionization Chambers) • Possibility to double number of monitors • 1 movable chamber behind fixed monitors for relative calibration • Movement by stepping motors BLMs (Beam Loss Monitors for LHC) • Parallel electrodes separated by 0.5 cm • Stainless steel cylinder • Al electrodes • N2 gas filling at 100 mbar over pressure • Diameter=8.9cm, length=60cm, 1.5 litre 2. Sec. Beam Instrumentation E. Gschwendtner, CERN AB/ATB

  22. 3. Commissioning Plans for the Secondary Beam E. Gschwendtner, CERN AB/ATB 3. Commissioning Plans

  23. Secondary Beam Commissioning Steps • Target Out – Horns Off – TED Out • Check p-beam angle • Collimator’s Ionization Chambers • Cross-Hair with Ionization Chambers • Muon monitors • Target In – Horns Off – TED Out • p-beam scan across the target • Observe rates in Ionization Chambers • Observe rates in TBID • Observe rates in muon monitors • Target In – Horns In – TED Out • Initial calibration of monitors • Check for different beam settings • Muon monitors E. Gschwendtner, CERN AB/ATB 3. Commissioning Plans

  24. Target Out – Horns Off – TED Out • Check proton beam angle • Collimator’s ionization chambers E. Gschwendtner, CERN AB/ATB 3. Commissioning Plans

  25. Target Out – Horns Off – TED Out • Check proton beam angle • Cross-hair and its ionization chambers E. Gschwendtner, CERN AB/ATB 3. Commissioning Plans

  26. Target Out – Horns Off – TED Out • Check proton beam angle • Muon monitors E. Gschwendtner, CERN AB/ATB 3. Commissioning Plans

  27. Target In – Horns Off – TED Out • Proton beam scan across the target • Observe rates in TBID Number of particles/primary proton hitting the TBID in different injection conditions multiplicity E. Gschwendtner, CERN AB/ATB 3. Commissioning Plans

  28. Charged particle fluence for misaligned beam in the IonCh 0mm 1mm 2mm Part/cm2/pot 5mm Target In – Horns Off – TED Out • Proton beam scan across the target • Observe rates in Ionization Chambers at the TBID • scan p-beam: • position: ±5mm • angle: ± 0.5mrad E. Gschwendtner, CERN AB/ATB 3. Commissioning Plans

  29. Target In – Horns On – TED Out • Observe signals on muon monitors • Initial calibration of monitors in both muon chambers (103-108 µ/cm2 in 10µs) (with horn/reflector "on" for higher muon flux) • Check/adjust cross-calibration of µ–monitoring by scanning the motorized monitor across the grid of fixed monitors • Check muon monitors(TBID & IonCh) for • Target in • Horn off/on • Horn & reflector off/on • Horn & reflector on with negative polarity • Horn & reflector on with 10% less current E. Gschwendtner, CERN AB/ATB 3. Commissioning Plans

  30. Target In – Horns On – TED Out • Parallel proton beam misalignment • Muon monitors E. Gschwendtner, CERN AB/ATB 3. Commissioning Plans

  31. Target In – Horns On – TED Out • Angular proton beam misalignment • Muon monitors E. Gschwendtner, CERN AB/ATB 3. Commissioning Plans

  32. Target In – Horns On – TED Out • Target, horn, reflector: On/Off • Muon monitors E. Gschwendtner, CERN AB/ATB 3. Commissioning Plans

  33. Outlook • Installation complete • Manipulation / Exchange exercises of components in Target Chamber in progress • Commissioning with beam: • to start week 22 (29 May 2006) • CNGS beam operational after week 27 (July 2006) E. Gschwendtner, CERN AB/ATB

  34. E. Gschwendtner, CERN AB/ATB

  35. Additional Slides E. Gschwendtner, CERN AB/ATB

  36. CNGS Project CNGS (CERN Neutrino Gran Sasso) • A long base-line neutrino beam facility (732km) • sendnm beamproduced at CERN • detect nt appearance in OPERA experiment at Gran Sasso  direct proof ofnm -ntoscillation (appearance experiment) E. Gschwendtner, CERN AB/ATB

  37. Radiological Issues • Beam on: • < 100Sv/h outside the horn shielding • < 2Sv/h in service gallery • Beam off- immediately afterwards • 100mSv/h For intervention: dose rate < 2mSv/intervention (CERN rule) Examples: • 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the target • 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn • Only possible because most is remotely handled! Access is controlled with ‘radiation veto’! E. Gschwendtner, CERN AB/ATB 3. Commissioning Steps

  38. L R Left/Right Asymmetry All charged particles E. Gschwendtner, CERN AB/ATB

  39. Beam in nominal position Beam position Dx=3mm R=0.87 R=0.63 } number of particles (7.25 – R) Total # • R ≈ 0.9 cm  ratio = 90 % • R ≈ 3.4 cm  ratio = 50 % Charged particles Halo Ratio = 7.25 R Moving the beam horizontally: the ratio falls off when R = Dx. E. Gschwendtner, CERN AB/ATB

  40. µ Muon Monitor E. Gschwendtner, CERN AB/ATB

  41. 2nd muon pit Beam dump extent µ µ/cm2/1013pot 105 107 part/cm2/1013pot 104 ● target in, magnetic field ▲target in, no magnetic field ○no target 105 Muon Profiles 1st muon pit An updated calculation of neutron fluence in the CNGS first muon pit,A. Ferrari, A. Guglielmi, P.R. Sala FLUKA simulations (P. Sala, not published) E. Gschwendtner, CERN AB/ATB

  42. Muon Monitor E. Gschwendtner, CERN AB/ATB 3. Instrumentation Sec. Beam

  43. Muon Pit 1 E. Gschwendtner, CERN AB/ATB

  44. Muon Pit 2 E. Gschwendtner, CERN AB/ATB

  45. 1stµ-chamber > 20-23GeV 2ndµ-chamber > 30-35GeV Mis-aligned case Aligned case + (1013 pot cm2)-1 + (1013 pot cm2)-1 fastsimulation r (m) r (m) Muon Profiles Example: 6 mm horn neck lateral displacement E. Gschwendtner, CERN AB/ATB

  46. Raise intensity gradually • Check linearity of all monitors vs. BFCT • Repeat calibration of the muon monitors with the moving monitor at different beam intensities E. Gschwendtner, CERN AB/ATB

  47. CNGS Performance For CNGS performance, the main issues are • the geodesic alignment wrt. Gran Sasso • the beam must hit the target very accurately !! • for target resistance and environmental reasons! Examples: effect on ντ cc events horn off axis by 6mm < 3% reflector off axis by 30mm < 3% proton beam on target < 3% off axis by 1mm CNGS facility misaligned < 3% by 0.5mrad (beam 360m off) E. Gschwendtner, CERN AB/ATB 3. Commissioning Steps

  48. Commissioning Plans • Hardware commissioning Feb. – April 2006 • Beam instrumentations • Power supplies • Magnets (polarities) • Vacuum system • ‘Dry runs’April – May 2006 • Timing • Controls • Interlocks • Beam permit • Magnets (currents & polarities) • Commissioning with beam2006: weeks 22, 25 and 27v E. Gschwendtner, CERN AB/ATB 4. OP Relevant Issues

  49. SPS Cycles for CNGS CNGS protons: 400 GeV from SPS SPS cycles for CNGS: 2x10.5 ms extr., Dt=50ms / 6 s cycle • SPS Cycle Proposal for 2006 • Commissioning: 12s FT + 6s CNGS • Run 1 12s FT + 6s CNGS + 4.8s MD • Run 2 12s FT + 3x6s CNGS + 4.8s MD E. Gschwendtner, CERN AB/ATB 2. Proton Beam Line

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