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The Open Video Digital Library: Balancing Theory and Practice

The Open Video Digital Library: Balancing Theory and Practice. JBIDI 2003 Gary Marchionini University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA march@ils.unc.edu Alicante, Spain November 10-12, 2003. Outline. Challenge: Combining DL research with a production-level DL

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The Open Video Digital Library: Balancing Theory and Practice

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  1. The Open Video Digital Library: Balancing Theory and Practice JBIDI 2003 Gary Marchionini University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA march@ils.unc.edu Alicante, Spain November 10-12, 2003

  2. Outline • Challenge: Combining DL research with a production-level DL • Overview of the Open Video DL • The Production Process • The Research Process • Open Video Redesign based on User Studies and challenges of sustainability

  3. Open Video Vision/Contributions • An open repository of video files that can be re-used in a variety of ways by the education and research communities • Encourages contributions • A testbed for interactive interfaces • An easy to use DL based upon the agile views interface design framework • Multiple, cascading, easy to control views (pre, over, re, shared, peripheral) • Views based upon empirically validated surrogates • An environment for building theory of human information interaction • A set of methods and metrics that reveal how people understand digital video through surrogates

  4. Background & Status • Begun 1995 with colleagues at UMD & BCPS • Current funding: NSF# IIS-0099538 • Collaborators/Contributors: I2-DSI, ibiblio, CMU, UMD, NIST, Internet Archive, NASA • ~ 0.5 TB of content • ~2000 video segments • ~1500 different titles • ~4000 unique visitors per month (20,000 in Oct 03) • I2-DSI video channel • MPEG-1, MPEG-2, MPEG-4, QT • OAI provider • Ongoing user studies

  5. Agile Views Interface Research • Provide a variety of access representations (e.g., indexes) and control mechanisms • Usual search and browse capabilities • Leverage both visual and linguistic cues • Create and test surrogates for overview preview, shared and history views

  6. Open Video Release 2 • Incorporate more visual surrogates • Improve search options • Add recommendations • Improve contributions forms • Save results/partitions • Provide user registration • Provide help/descriptions

  7. Open Video Server Distributed Files Database (MySQL) AVI Search Client (Browser & Apps) MPEG etc. Browse Contribute MPEG etc. MPEG etc. Digitization Segmentation Keyframe Extraction Production System Keyword (text) Keyword (audio) Surrogates Metadata

  8. Acquisitions • Contributors provide tapes (e.g., HCIL, Prelinger, NASA) • Digitize • Add metadata • Contributors provide files & metadata (e.g., Informedia) • Crawl trusted sites (Internet Archive, LoC) • Individual contributions

  9. Surrogate Creation • Segmentation • Manual • Automatic (interframe grayscale correlation) • Keyframe extraction • MERIT (UMD) • VAST (nth frames, export QuickTime fast forwards) • Various scripts for managing GIFs, JPEGs, assemblying storyboards

  10. Web Database • MySLQ database • Metadata tables • PHP middleware • Contribution forms • Administrative tools • Logging • Demos • Related web objects • Backups

  11. Other Tools in the DL Toolkit • ISEE • Asynchronous remote use of video • Video player, chat tool, shared browser • Linked via time codes • VIVO (video indexing and visual organizer) • Multi-level indexing with inheritance (collection, video, segment, scene, shot, frame) • Manual frame extraction • Peer to Peer Sharing

  12. User Study Framework

  13. The Surrogates • Storyboard with text keywords (20-36 per board@ 500 ms) • Storyboard with audio keywords • Slide show with text keywords (250ms repeated once) • Slide show with audio keywords • Fast forward (~ 4X) • Fast forwards 32X, 64X, 128X, 256X • Poster frames • Real time clips • Text titles

  14. Surrogate Examples

  15. Metrics

  16. User Studies • Study 1: Qualitative Comparison of Surrogates (ECDL 02) • Study 2: Fast Forwards (JCDL 03) • Study 3: Narrativity (CHI 02) • Study 4: Shared views and History Views (Geisler dissertation) • Study 4: Poster frames and text (eyetracking, CIVR 03) • Study 5: TREC evaluation • Current studies • Hughes MP, Gruss MP • Redesign effects and integration of surrogates in AV

  17. Example: Coney Island: 9:19 at 32X

  18. How Much Affection 19:48 at 64X

  19. Iran 14:00 at 128X

  20. On the Run 14:09 at 256X

  21. The Challenges Ahead • Sustain system give usage and new contributions • Preserve the files and behaviors • Extend research on how people understand videos through surrogates

  22. http://www.open-video.org • Marchionini, G. & Geisler, G. (2002). The Open Video Digital Library. dLib Magazine, 8(12). http://www.dlib.org/dlib/december02/marchionini/12marchionini.html • Marchionini, G. (2003). Video and Learning Redux: New Capabilities for Practical Use. Educational Technology, March 2003. • Slaughter, L., Marchionini, G. & Geisler, G. (2000). Open Video: A Framework for a Test Collection. Journal of Network and Computer Applications, 23(3), 219-245. • Wildemuth, B. Marchionini, G., Wilkens, T., Yang, M., Geisler, G., Fowler, B., Hughes, A., & Mu, X. (2002). Alternative Surrogates for Video Objects in a Digital Library: Users’ Perspectives on Their Relative Usability. Proceedings of the 6th European Conference ECDL 2002 on Research and Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries, Berlin: Springer. (Rome, September 16-18, 2002) 493-507. • Geisler, G., Marchionini, G.,Wildemuth, B., Hughes, A., Yang, M., Wilkens, T., & Spinks, R. (2002). Video browsing interfaces for the Open Video Project. Proceedings of CHI 02, Extended Abstracts (Minneapolis, MN, April 20-25, 2002). NY: ACM Press. 514-15. • Wildemuth, B., Marchionini, G., Yang, M., Geisler, G., Wilkens, T., Hughes, A. & Gruss, R. (accepted). How fast is too fast? Evaluating fast forward surrogates for digital video, JCDL 2003. • Geisler, G. (2003). AgileViews: A Framework for creating more effective information seeking interfaces. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, UNC-Chapel Hill. • Nelson, Michael L., Marchionini, Gary, Geisler, Gary, and Yang, Meng (2001). "A Bucket Architecture for the Open Video Project [short paper]." JCDL ’01, ACM - IEEE Joint Conference on Digital Libraries (June 24-28, 2001, Roanoke, Virginia). • Geisler, Gary, and Gary Marchionini (2000). The Open Video Project: A Research-Oriented Digital Video Repository [short paper]. In Digital Libraries '00: The Fifth ACM Conference on Digital Libraries (June 2-7 2000, San Antonio, TX). New York: Association for Computing Machinery, 258-259.

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