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Intro to Hand Tools-14

Intro to Hand Tools-14. Class Notes. OBJECTIVES. 1. Demonstrate the use of woodworking hand tools. 2. Be able to identify the hand tools covered. 3. Demonstrate the proper care and storage of hand tools. Uses of Ag. Mechanics Hand Tools A. General Rules

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Intro to Hand Tools-14

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  1. Intro to Hand Tools-14 Class Notes

  2. OBJECTIVES 1. Demonstrate the use of woodworking hand tools. 2. Be able to identify the hand tools covered. 3. Demonstrate the proper care and storage of hand tools.

  3. Uses of Ag. Mechanics Hand Tools A. General Rules • 1. Hand tools used for cutting should be sharp to improve safety and ease of cutting • 2. Use the right SIZE and TYPE of tool for the job to reduce or eliminate injuries. • 3. Fine or small teeth on a saw blade make a smoother cut a. Coarse or large teeth cut faster.

  4. B. Carpentry tools • 1.“Measure twice, cut once” is a good rule to follow to reduce the amount of wasted time and materials. • 2. Measuring tools for wood are usually divided into 16 parts per inch or 1/16ths. • 3. Handle should be held firmly against edge of board. a.Combination square- is used to mark 45° and 90° angles. 1). Can be used as a miter square ,plumb bob, level, depth gauge, marking gauge, and inside and outside try square. b. Try square- is used to mark 90°angle. c. Framing square -used to layout rafters 1). Body 24 inches long 2). Tongue is 16 inches long d. T bevel - is used to find and transfer various angles. e. Steel measuring tape-used to measure long items - 3. Soapstone is used to mark metal without leaving a permanent scratch.

  5. C. Hammers-use • 1. Hold handle near the end away from hammer head to improve accuracy and leverage. • 2. Large nails require the use of a heavier hammer than small nails. a. Size is based on weight of head • 3. Using nails to fasten wood is fast, but today it is the weakest method. • 4. Match the nail to the job • a. Common nails are used most in construction • b. Finishing nails should be used when the head needs to be set below the surface of the wood.

  6. D. Hammers-Types • 1. Parts of hammer • Head-weight • Claw-shape • Handle- material • 2. Nail hammer is used to drive nails to fasten one board to another. • a. Has a curved claw to remove nails • 4. Ripping hammer is used to • remove wood and to drive nails. • a. Has a straight claw to rip wood apart • 3. Wood mallet- used on wood and wood chisels • 5. Ball peen hammer is used to hammer metal objects such as punches, chisels, or parts of small engines. • 6. Masonryhammer- used to break blocks • 7. Chipping hammer -use to remove slag from weld • 8. Half Hatchet- use to shape wood

  7. E. Saws 1. DO NOT saw out the marked line because board will be too small a. Saw on waste side of mark. 2. Crosscut saw is used to cut across the grain. • 3. Ripsaw is used to cut with the grain. 4-10 teeth/in. • 4. Coping saw has a very narrow, thin blade that can be removed and inserted in a hole to saw out a hole in the middle of a board.

  8. 5. Miter saw is used to cut angles. a. Compound miter- cuts angles in 2 directions 6. Hacksaw is used to cut metal, and PVC or steel pipe a. There should be at least three teeth in contact with the metal.

  9. F. Wrenches and pliers • 1. Adjustable wrench is used to turn various sizes nuts and bolts. • 2. Box end wrench- closed on both ends • 3. Open end wrench- open on both ends • 4. Combination wrench is used to turn both hex and square nuts • 5. Long nose pliers (needle) are used to reach into recessed areas. • 6. Slip joint pliers are used to hold various sizes of materials. • 7. Vise grip pliers are used for extra firm holding or gripping. • a. Vise grip welding pliers- used to hold metal together to weld

  10. G. Screwdrivers 1. Use the correct size and type for the job. 2. A heavy duty screwdriver has a square shank so that a wrench can be used to help remove large screws. 3. Slotted – used on slotted screws 4. Phillips- used on phillips (star) screws 5. Offset- used to reach screws in hard to reach places

  11. H. . Taps and dies – When used to cut threads in metal • 1. Taps- thread and re-thread holes • 2. Dies- thread rods or stripped bolts • 3. Oil should be used for lubrication. • - one drop • I. Sanding • 1. Sandpaper is rated by Grit-amount of abrasive • 2.Sand with the grain and use fine orvery fine sandpaper to prevent scratches. • 2. Coarse sandpaper is used to remove large amounts of wood when sanding, but it leaves scratches in the wood. • 3. Start with course and advance to fine

  12. J. Various tools 1. Counterbore is used to flare the top of a hole to recess the head for a screw or bolt. a. Countersink- recess and pre- drills hole to prevent splitting 2. Brick trowel is used to place and spread mortar 3. Cement (finishing) trowel - used to smooth concrete 4. Wrecking bar (crow) is used to rip and pry wood. 5. Files- used to remove metal 6. Center punch- used to set for a drill bit 7. Chalk line reel- used to transfer lines to be cut

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