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Using Informatics to Promote Community/Population Health

Using Informatics to Promote Community/Population Health. Objectives. Provide an overview of community and population health informatics . Describe informatics tools for promoting community and population health .

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Using Informatics to Promote Community/Population Health

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  1. Using Informatics to Promote Community/Population Health

  2. Objectives • Provide an overview of community and population health informatics. • Describe informatics tools for promoting community and population health. • Define the roles of federal, state and local public health agencies in the development of public health informatics.

  3. Using The Foundation of Knowledge Model • The collection and processing of population health data creates the information that becomes the basis for knowledge in the field of public health. •  Knowledge about disease trends and other threats to community health can improve program planning, decision-making, and care delivery.

  4. Core Public Health Functions • Assessment and monitoring of the health of communities and populations at risk to identify health problems and priorities • Formulation of public policies designed to solve identified local and national health problems and priorities

  5. Public Health Definitions • The Institute of Medicine of Medicine (IOM) defines the role of public health as “fulfilling society’s interest in assuring conditions in which people can be healthy”(IOM, 1988)

  6. Community Health Risk Assessment • Public Awareness • A Risk Assessment • What is a "threat” ? • What is a "risk“ ?

  7. Four Basic Steps of Risk Assessment • 1. Hazard identification • 2. Exposure assessment • 3. Dose–response assessment • 4. Risk characterization

  8.  Examples of Risk Assessment Tools •  Suicide Prevention Community Assessment Tool (SPRC) • Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS) • The Behavorial Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) • National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

  9. Agency Support of Epidemiology and the Monitoring of Disease Outbreaks • New technology can provide disease surveillance for: • -timely investigation And • – identification of data needs to manage the public health response to an outbreak or terrorist event

  10. Preparedness in Public Health • more timely detection of potential health threats • situational awareness • surveillance • outbreak management • countermeasures • response • communications

  11. Syndromic Surveillance • Typically used to target investigations of potential infectious cases • Can be used to detect possible outbreaks associated with bioterrorism (CDC, 2007)

  12. Data Collection and Interpretation • Identification of absences from work or school • Increased purchases of health-care products, including specific types of over- the-counter medications • Presenting symptoms to health-care providers • Laboratory test orders (CDC, 2007).

  13. Data Exchange Systems • Epidemic Information Exchange • Health Alert Network • Biosense • Public Health Information Network

  14. Agency Support of Epidemiology and the Monitoring Disease Outbreaks • Information is vital to public health programming. • The data processed into public health information can be from administrative, financial and facility sources. • Data on vital statistics from state and local governments are also used for public health purposes.

  15. Applying Knowledge to Health Disaster Planning and Preparation • The availability of data and speed of data exchange can have a significant impact on critical PH functions like disease monitoring and syndromicsurveillance • The future of PHI will offer real-time surveillance data available electronically and investigations and emergences will be managed with the tools of informatics

  16. Informatics Tools to Support Communication and Dissemination • The Revolution in IT • Two-Way Communication in Healthcare • PH Information Systems • Dissemination of Information • IT solutions

  17. Using Feedback to Improve Responses and Promote Readiness • Improvement of Community Health • Population Health Data • RHIO/NHIN

  18. Con’t • Public Health Informatics • Standardization of Data

  19. Reference: • >McGonigle,D. & Mastrian,K. (2011). Nursing Informatics and the foundation of knowledge. Using Informatics to Promote Community/Population Health (Chapter 17). Retrieved fromhttp://www.jblearning.com/samples/076371786X/53289_CH17_McGonigle.pdf

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