English Sound rules

1. English Sound rules Please read Roach (2000) p. 138-149 for more details

2. 1. Assimilation • Assimilation is usually found in rapid and casual speech. The most common assimilation is in term of place of articulation. • The final consonant Cf • of the first word assimilate the place articulation of the initial consonant Ci of the second

3. 2. Coalescense • Two sound change to a third sound • “Did you go there?” /d/ at the end of ‘did’ and /j/ at the beginning of ‘you’ join together to make a third sound /dZ/ Ex. 1. /d/ and /j/ change to /dZ/ • 2. /t/ and /j/ change to /tS/ • 3. /s/ and /j/ change to /S/ • 4. /z/ and /j/ change to /Z/

4. 3. Elision • is the leaving out of a sound or sounds in speech commonly found in rapid casual speech like assimilation Loss of weak vowel /p t k/ pteItUpotato tmAtU tomato Avoidance of complex consonant cluster skrIpts skrIps scripts brests bres breasts

5. 4. Linking • Again in rapid and casual speech, the final consonant of the preceding word always link to the initial vowel of the next word. This is very common and can be often found in every day conversation. • Final consonant linking to a following vowel lUkQt look at getp get up mostf most of

6. 2. Link /r/ The pronunciation of /r/ after a vowel does not occur in British Englihs (non-rhotic accent) but if the next word begins with a vowel, it is pronounced. fr l for all wer It wear it wer Iz where is