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The Great War - WWI. Unit 5 Definitions. Archduke Francis Ferdinand. The heir to the Austria-Hungary throne who was assassinated in 1914. Czar Nicholas II. Russian monarch who prepared his armies to enter World War I. Emperor William II.
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The Great War - WWI Unit 5 Definitions
Archduke Francis Ferdinand The heir to the Austria-Hungary throne who was assassinated in 1914.
Czar Nicholas II Russian monarch who prepared his armies to enter World War I.
Emperor William II German King who made alliances with Austria-Hungry and Italy which led to World War I.
Lawrence of Arabia A British officer who convinced Arab princes to revolt against the Ottoman Empire.
Woodrow Wilson President of the United States who tried to keep the U.S. out of war, but eventually helped the Allied powers.
David Lloyd George British prime minister who was one of the big three in the peace conference after the war. He wanted to punish Germany.
Georges Clemenceau French premier who was one of the big three at the peace conference after the war. He wanted to punish Germany.
Conscription A military draft which is a process of having all citizens be forced to complete military service if eligible.
Ethnic Having to do with a group of people who share the racial, national, tribal, religious, or cultural origins or background.
Triple Alliance The alliance (agreements) between Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy before World War I.
Triple Entente The alliance (agreement) made by Britain, France, and Russia before World War I.
The Schlieffen Plan A plan made by a German general to avoid fighting a war on both the east and west by quickly defeating France and England on the west and then moving over to the east to defeat Russia.
Propaganda Communication used to influence public opinion for or against a cause.
Trench Warfare Fighting technique used during World War I in which soldiers dug ditches in the dirt (protected by barbed wire) and fought from these sunken holes.
War of Attrition A war based on wearing the other side down by constant attacks. Used in World War I in order to make the enemy give up from large loses of soldiers and assets.
Total War A war that involves complete mobilization of a nation’s resources and people. It affected the lives of all citizens even those not near the battlefields.
Planned Economies An economic system in which the government takes control of economic decisions and production.
Lusitania A British bat that was torpedoed and sunk by the Germans. Many Americans were on the boat and this encouraged U.S. involvement in World War I.
Armistice An agreement to stop fighting a war.
Reparation Payments that losers of a war are forced to pay the winners of the war as a way to pay back some of the costs of the war effort.
Mandate A nation that is governed by another country to support the League of Nations.
Treaty of Versailles A treaty with Germany that ended World War I and blamed Germany for the war, forced reparations, and took land away from Germany.
Serbia A territory in the Balkans that wanted and earned its independence from Austria-Hungary.
Bosnia Another Balkan ethnic group that wanted its independence like Serbia. Led to the killing of Ferdinand.
Marne The site of two major battles in World War I. Both battles lasted long times due to trench warfare. Its slow progress ended Germany’s Schlieffen Plan.
Verdun A French fortress on the border with Germany that was the site of a 10 month battle in which 700,000 men died.
Gallipoli A battle in the Ottoman Empire (now Turkey) in which the Allied powers tried to open up a path through the Black Sea to Russia.
Tannenberg An early victory of the Germans over the Russians which showed how superior the German army was to the non-industrialized Russians.
Alsace and Lorraine Land between France and Germany that the French lost in 1871 during the Franco-Prussian War, but given back to France after World War I.
