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Arthritis and Other Joint Conditions

Arthritis and Other Joint Conditions. Arthritis Types. Rheumatoid Arthritis OsteoArthritis Infectious (Septic) Arthritis. Other Joint Conditions. Gout Pseudogout Torn/Strained Ligaments Torn Cartilage Tendinitis Bursitis. Rheumatoid Arthritis. Description:

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Arthritis and Other Joint Conditions

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  1. Arthritis and Other Joint Conditions

  2. Arthritis Types • Rheumatoid Arthritis • OsteoArthritis • Infectious (Septic) Arthritis

  3. Other Joint Conditions • Gout • Pseudogout • Torn/Strained Ligaments • Torn Cartilage • Tendinitis • Bursitis

  4. Rheumatoid Arthritis • Description: • Inflames Synovial Membranes in joint • Abnormal Immune System Activity • Synovial Tissue Thickens • Causes ongoing inflammation and cartilage breakdown

  5. Rheumatoid Arthritis • Symptoms: Pain, stiffness, swelling in joints of hands, wrists, elbows, feet, ankles, knees, and neck • Diagnosis: joint examination, medical history, several tests • Risk Factors: Age, Gender (female), genetic susceptibility, smoking

  6. Rheumatoid Arthritis • Treatment: • Physical Therapy: exercise, heat/cold, massage • Occupational Therapy • Biofeedback (to control pain) • Counselling • Accupuncture • Supplements • Blood Filtering (severe cases)

  7. OsteoArthritis • Description: Cartilage breakdown in joints; eventually can cause bone damage • Symptoms: pain in joints, limited Range of Motion, tenderness/swelling, creaking joints, deformity

  8. OsteoArthritis • Diagnosis: Physical Exam, X-Rays, Blood Tests • Risk Factors: Age, Gender (female), previous joint injuries, obesity, weak thigh muscles (for knee), contracting gout, rheumatoid arthritis, or hemochromatosis

  9. OsteoArthritis • Treatment: • Medications: NSAIDS, Acetomeniphen, corticosteroids, hyaluron injections • Surgery: arthroscopy, osteomoty, joint replacement, hip replacement, arthrodesis (fusing)

  10. Infectious/Septic Arthritis • Description: joint inflammation as a result of an infection by bacteria, virus, parasites, or fungi; can damage tissue • Symptoms: joint pain, redness, swelling, decreased ROM, weight loss, fatigue, fever/chills

  11. Infectious/Septic Arthritis • Diagnosis: blood tests, bone scans, X-Rays, MRI, CT scans, Bone Biopsy • Risk Factors: weakened immune system, metal inplants (joints, screws), diabetes, removed spleen, gonorrhea, rheumatoid arthritis, immuno-depressant drugs

  12. Infectious/Septic Arthritis • Treatment: • Treat infection: antibiotics, antiviral drugs • Drain fluid around joint • Surgery

  13. Gout • Description: High concentration of urate crystals in blood • Symptoms: inflammation/tenderness, pain, redness (usually in the foot) • Diagnosis: Urine Tests, Blood Tests

  14. Gout • Risk Factors:Excessive alcohol consumption, High BP, Diabetes, High cholesterol, Genetics, Age, Gender (male) • Treatment: • Medication: NSAIDS, corticosteroids, uric acid lowering medications • Adjust diet and alcohol consumption

  15. Pseudogout • Description: Calcium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate crystals in blood • Symptoms: inflammation, tenderness, redness, joint pain • Diagnosis: X-Rays, Joint fluid analysis

  16. Pseudogout • Risk Factors: Age, Joint trama, Genetic disorder, Excess iron in blood • Treatment: • Medications: NSAIDS, Colchicine • Joint Aspiration • Rest

  17. Torn/Strained Ligaments • Description: Stretched/Torn Ligaments (ligaments hold bones together in a joint) • Symptoms: Pain, Swelling. Limited mobility, Joint instability • Diagnosis: Physical Exam, X-Rays, MRI

  18. Torn/Strained Ligaments • Risk Factors: Previous injury, “loose” ligaments • Treatment: • RICE • Rehabilitation • Medication: NSAIDS • Surgery

  19. Torn Cartilage • Description: torn cartilage (cartilage is the soft tissue between bone ends in a joint) • Symptoms: instant pain, swelling, “locked” joint • Diagnosis: Physical Exam, MRI

  20. Torn Cartilage • Risk Factors: none known • Treatment: • Rehabilitation • Arthroscopic Surgery • Invasive Surgery

  21. Tendinitis • Description: inflammation of or microtears in tendon (tendon connects muscle to bone) • Symptoms: gradually increasing pain, sore to touch, swelling, stiffness • Diagnosis: Physical Exam, Medical/ Activity History, MRI, X-Rays

  22. Tendinitis • Risk Factors: repetitive tasks • Treatment: • Ice/Heat • “Cho-Pat” Straps • NSAIDS • Surgery

  23. Bursitis • Description: Swelling of the bursa (fluid pouch around joint) • Symptoms: Swell/Pain when pressure applied, pain, stiffness • Diagnosis: Physical Exam, Medical History, Draw Bursa Fluid for testing

  24. Bursitis • Risk Factors: Repetitive tasks; people who work on their knees (carpet layers, roofers, gardeners) • Treatment: • Medications: NSAIDS, Corticosteroids • Ice • Drain extra fluids • Surgery

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