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Field water distribution

Field water distribution. Field Water Management – General Principles. Dividing and distributing the flows in manageable proportions Preventing spate water rapidly disappearing in low-lying areas – spreading the water around Ensuring large enough water volumes to reach the downstream areas.

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Field water distribution

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  1. Field water distribution

  2. Field Water Management – General Principles • Dividing and distributing the flows in manageable proportions • Preventing spate water rapidly disappearing in low-lying areas – spreading the water around • Ensuring large enough water volumes to reach the downstream areas What is important

  3. Dividing and distributing the flow within the command area:three systems Water spreading Field to field Controlled

  4. Water spreading through guide bunds This occurs in new, relatively small spate systems Considerable water is lost in this spreading system No soil development Water is spread through the command area using guide bunds

  5. Field to field irrigation

  6. To avoid erosion in field to field systems… • Field gates: • controlled flow • relatively costly • but useful

  7. Yet very hard to handle floods otherwise

  8. Controlled systems – each field having its own intake Controlled systems are sometimes considered more efficient than field-to-field. Assessment of field Irrigation efficiency need to be qualified: Water stored in deeper layers moves up as temperatures go down in the winter – providing moisture to maturing crop Yet this needs to be looked at again – In controlled systems as common in Pakistan the fields are usually large (5 ha) and uneven. To store 200 mm in the soil profile may require 1 meter of water to be applied.

  9. HIGH WATER APPLICATION PER TURN

  10. Comparing field to field and controlled systems

  11. Priority 1:Preventing spate water from quickly disappearing to low-lying areas before it has spread all over the command areaPriority 2:Avoiding gullying of channels and fields as this will ‘pull down’ soil moisture

  12. Importance of gully plugging Plugging this gully (that developed after a major flood) avoided that floods quickly disappeared from this area and that soils dried out quickly

  13. Drop structure Farmer-built drop structures

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