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Nature of Water

Nature of Water. Capillarity : The rising of a liquid in a narrow tube, sometimes called capillary action. capillarity: 1 2 3 4. Understanding Level. (define in your own words) Draw your picture:. Colloid :

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Nature of Water

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  1. Nature of Water

  2. Capillarity: The rising of a liquid in a narrow tube, sometimes called capillary action.

  3. capillarity: 1 2 3 4 Understanding Level • (define in your own words) • Draw your picture:

  4. Colloid: A mixture that contains particles that are evenly distributed through a dispersing medium and do not settle out over time.

  5. colloid: 1 2 3 4 Understanding Level • (define in your own words) • Draw your picture:

  6. Dissociation: The process by which the charged particles in an ionic solid separate from one another, primarily when going into solution.

  7. dissociation: 1 2 3 4 Understanding Level • (define in your own words) • Draw your picture:

  8. Hydrogen bonding: A connection between the hydrogen atoms on one molecule and a highly electronegative atom on another molecule, but not a full covalent bond.

  9. Hydrogen bonding: 1 2 3 4 Understanding Level • (define in your own words) • Draw your picture:

  10. Osmosis: The flow of molecules through a selectively permeable membrane driven by concentration difference.

  11. osmosis: 1 2 3 4 Understanding Level • (define in your own words) • Draw your picture:

  12. Tyndall effect: The scattering effect caused when light passes through a colloid.

  13. Tyndall effect: 1 2 3 4 Understanding Level • (define in your own words) • Draw your picture:

  14. Meniscus: A concave surface of a liquid resulting from surface tension.  The bottom of the meniscus is used to measure the volume of a liquid in apparatus such as a graduated cylinder.

  15. meniscus: 1 2 3 4 Understanding Level • (define in your own words) • Draw your picture:

  16. Saturated solution: A solution that holds the maximum amount of solute under the given conditions.

  17. saturated solution: 1 2 3 4 Understanding Level • (define in your own words) • Draw your picture:

  18. Supersaturated solution: A solution containing more solute than the usual maximum; they are unstable.

  19. Supersaturated solution: 1 2 3 4 Understanding Level • (define in your own words) • Draw your picture:

  20. Unsaturated solution: A solution in which the amount of solute dissolved is less than the maximum that could be dissolved.

  21. Unsaturated solution: 1 2 3 4 Understanding Level • (define in your own words) • Draw your picture:

  22. Solution: a mixture that is the same throughout, or Homogeneous

  23. solution: 1 2 3 4 Understanding Level • (define in your own words) • Draw your picture:

  24. Solute: the substance that is being dissolved when making a solution.

  25. solute: 1 2 3 4 Understanding Level • (define in your own words) • Draw your picture:

  26. Solvent: the substance that dissolves the solute when making a solution.

  27. solvent: 1 2 3 4 Understanding Level • (define in your own words) • Draw your picture:

  28. Demo The Polar Nature of Water

  29. In this apparatus, the seawater is an example of a _____. Jul'04 11th -18 A. strong electrolyte B. weak acid C. nonelectrolyte D. strong base

  30. Which of the following objects will float on water? (Apr'04 10th -27) A C B D

  31. Which would most likely cause the liquid in Tube A to rise?

  32. Bathwater normally has electrolytic behaviors even though distilled water does not. This is because bathwater _____. Apr'04 11th -24 A. contains isotopes of hydrogen B. has been heated C. is separated into H+ and OH– ions D. contains dissolved minerals

  33. Which factor makes water an effective solvent? A. The presence of molecular oxygen B. Its lack of covalent bonds C. The polar nature of its molecules D. Its abundance on Earth’s surface

  34. The table shows times required for water to evaporate from identical containers. Which of these is the best question to ask before developing a reasonable hypothesis to explain the data? A. Why does a lower temperature slow the rate of evaporation? B. What is the boiling point of the water after both samples are heated? C. Why does water exist as a solid at -15C and as a liquid at 25C? D. How does the rate of evaporation change when a different container is used?

  35. Which characteristic of water best explains its ability to dissolve a great variety of materials? Apr'06 11th -25 A. Its transparency in light B. Its electrical conductivity C. Its physical state of matter D. Its molecular arrangement

  36. Power plants that discharge warm water into rivers have a negative effect on aquatic life. This is because the higher water temperature _____. Apr'06 11th - 21 A. increases the pressure of the river water B. increases the pH value of the river water C. decreases sediment solubility in the river water D. decreases the dissolved oxygen in the river water

  37. The diagram on the right shows water molecules and ions from an NaCl crystal. What is the most likely reason that each water molecule is arranged so that the oxygen part of the molecule faces a sodium ion? • The oxygen in a water molecule contains a partial negative charge. • Gravity rotates the oxygen atoms to face the more-massive sodium ions. • Hydrogen atoms create repulsive forces with chloride ions. • Oxygen atoms form covalent bonds with sodium ions.

  38. A student is working with four beakers that each contain a clear liquid. Which set of procedures would be best to use to determine whether one of the beakers contains only distilled water? Feb'06 11th -43

  39. Fish survive through severe winters because of the property of water that allows water to _____. Apr'04 11th -26 • form chemical bonds as it freezes, raising the • water temperature below the ice • B. increase in density while it freezes, dissolving • more oxygen from the air • expand when it freezes, creating a floating and insulating layer of ice • precipitate vital nutrients when it freezes, • increasing the food supply

  40. What characteristic of water remains the same no matter what is dissolved in it?

  41. Which of the following salts has the greatest solubility in water at 25C? A. CaCO3 B. FeS C. HgCl2 D. KClO4

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