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What is a pronoun?

Los Pronombres Subject pronouns In this presentation, we’re going to look at the form and use of the subject pronouns in Spanish. (ch. 1 pg. 25). What is a pronoun?. A pronoun is a word that replaces a noun in a sentence . (ex: Jorge = él)

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What is a pronoun?

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  1. Los PronombresSubject pronounsIn this presentation, we’re going to look at the form and use of the subject pronouns in Spanish. (ch. 1 pg. 25)

  2. What is a pronoun? • A pronoun is a word that replaces a noun in a sentence. • (ex: Jorge = él) • Examples of pronouns in English are: “I, you, he, she, it, we, they.” • In Spanish, we use pronouns to “note” to whom we are speaking or about whom we are speaking. It implies the subject of the sentence or question.

  3. English vs. Spanish • In English, we always have to use a subj. pronoun: ex: Look at these introductory sentences: • Have class. • Very well, thanks. • Without the subject pronoun, we don’t know who we are talking about. The verb doesn’t give us enough information: “have class” can refer to I, you, we, or they.

  4. Spanish Pronouns • Spanish is different – pronouns aren’t used as often in a sentence and can be left out because they are implied by the verb form. Ex: Look at these sentences in Spanish: • Tengo clase. (yo) • ¿Cómo estás? (tú) • Se llama Marcos. (él) • The verb does give us enough information: “tengo” matches “yo,” “estás” refers to “tú,” “se llama” goes with “él/ella/Ud.,” etc. • Therefore, Spanish sentences frequently drop the subject pronoun in writing and speech; they are not needed to clarify who we are talking about.

  5. Los Pronombres Here are the subject pronouns in Spanish: **Singular Persons: Plural Persons: yo = I nosotros/as = we tú = you (familiar) él = he ellos = they (boys) ella = she ellas = they (girls) Ud. = you (formal) Uds. = you all

  6. Yo = I • Yo • This means “I” and is used in the same way as in English. • Yo soy Sra. Lewis. / Yo estoy bien. *implied: (yo) Tengo que irme. • Note that Yo is not capitalized unless it starts a sentence: • Mi amigo y yo…

  7. Tú vs. Ud. = Two You’s • Tú & usted (familiar vs. formal) • In Spanish, things aren’t quite that simple. There are several ways to express the concept of “you”: • tú: one person of about the same age (or younger) that you know quite well. • usted (abbreviated Ud.): one person who is older than you, who has a higher social or economic rank, and/or is someone you have just met and address by Mr., Mrs., or Miss *implied: ¿Cómo te llamas (tú)? ¿Cómo está (Ud.), Sr. Alonso?

  8. Él = he • Compare these two sentences: • ¿Cómo se llama tu amigo de Cuba? Jorge es mi amigo de Cuba. (Él) se llama Jorge. • In the first sentence, we name the person who is my friend from Cuba. • In the second sentence, we replace the person’s name with the word él.

  9. Él y ella = he & she • Él y ella: • These pronouns are used in the same way as their English counterparts: • Estos son mis amigos. Él es mi amigo Pedro y ella es mi amiga Dolores. **Don’t forget to put the accent mark on “él” (although you rarely see an accent on a capital letter).

  10. Nosotros = we • Nosotros y nosotras: • Likewise, in English we have one word to talk about “we,” but in Spanish, we distinguish between “we” masculine and feminine: • Mi amigo y yo estamos bien hoy. Nosotros estamos bastante bien porque no tenemos clase de historia.

  11. Ellos y Ellas = them • Ellos y ellas: • In English, we have one word to express the idea of “they,” but in Spanish, we distinguish between “they” for masculine and feminine: • Jorge y Juan son estudiantes nuevos. Ellos son de Puerto Rico. • Ana y Gloria son mexicanas. Ellas son de Acapulco. • If the group is mixed (masculine and feminine), use the masculine pronoun: • Jorge y Ana son mexicanos. Ellos son estudiantes nuevos.

  12. Ud. vs. Uds. = you vs. you all • When we want to talk to more than one person (“all of you” or “y’all”), we can use: • ustedes (abbreviated Uds.): this is used in most cases, regardless of whether the group you are addressing consists of “tú” or “usted.” *vosotros/vosotras: this is used only in Spain and only when everyone in the group is “tú.” We won’t be studying this pronoun form, but just learn to recognize it when you see it.

  13. Practicamos • Which pronoun can replace the following? • Sr. Lorca • Juan y yo • Marta y tú • Miguel • Srta. Ana Lopez • Carla y Amanda • Enrique y Pedro • Mi madre y yo

  14. Practicamos • Write out the sent. and the pronoun being implied: (yo, tú, él, ella, Ud., nosotros, ellos, ellas) • ¡Hola! ¿Cómo estás hoy? • ¡Buenas tardes, profesor! ¿Cómo se llama? • Estoy estupendo, gracias. • Me voy. Hasta luego. • Esta es mi amiga Sara. • Los chicos se llaman Juan y Jorge. • Mi amigo y yo tenemos clase. Hasta la vista.

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