The need for CO2 capture in a carbon-constrained world with a fossil fuels-driven economy

1. The need for CO2 capture in a carbon-constrained world with a fossil fuels-driven economy Rehan Naqvi, PhD Independent Consultant – Energy & Climate Change(Norway & the Netherlands) WPC HSE conference, Tehran30 April 2019

2. Why CO2 capture? The fossil fuels-driven economy Largest emitters of CO2 The key solutions to climate change mitigation The main CO2 Capture methods CO2 Utilization Way forward Outline

3. Man-made climate change is for real CO2 is the largest contributor to climate change CO2 emissions need to be cut drastically Capture it, store it, utilize it! “CCS is an essential part of the portfolio of technologies needed to achieve substantial global emissions reductions.”International Energy Agency Why CO2 Capture

4. By 2050 the world population will increase to 9 billion As long as the world is fossil fuels-driven - More people, more energy consumption, more emissions - More consumerism, more emissions - More meat consumption, more emissions - More travelling, more emissions Why CO2 Capture

5. Fossil fuels-driven world Source: IEA

6. Source: EPA CO2 Emitters by Industry (2015)

7. A mixed portfolio of solutions - Renewable energy - Energy conservation/efficiency - CO2 capture, storage, and utilization The key solutions

8. The main CO2 Capture methods

9. Chemical Looping Combustion

10. Storage

11. CO2-EOR • Capture CO2, compress, liquefy, and inject it under pressure into the depleted reservoirs • Separate CO2 again from the crude • Keep it there eventually

12. Utilization • Growing tomatoes :) • Soda • Fish food • Building materials • Urea • Methanol plants

13. Way Forward • Moving beyond pilot plants (established technologies) • More government support and cooperation • More will from the corporate sector • Public awareness - conservation - cooperation - not to elect climate change deniers :)

14. Thank you!