1 / 25

Health Benefits of Coffee Consumption

Vanderbilt Coffee Conference October 26, 2007. Health Benefits of Coffee Consumption. Coffee is healthful (…rather than harmful). Physicians in the U.S. have long advised their patients that coffee consumption is potentially detrimental to health

posy
Télécharger la présentation

Health Benefits of Coffee Consumption

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Vanderbilt Coffee Conference October 26, 2007 Health Benefits of Coffee Consumption

  2. Coffee is healthful (…rather than harmful) • Physicians in the U.S. have long advised their patients that coffee consumption is potentially detrimental to health • Attitudes are changing due to emerging epidemiologic and mechanistic research which shows health benefits of coffee • Coffee consumption is now best viewed as compatible with good health and perhaps even as a health promoting behavior

  3. Latest epidemiologic studies consistently show coffee consumptionreduces rates of common diseases • Depression/anxiety • Heart disease • Type 2 Diabetes associated with obesity • Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s diseases • Cancer • Alcohol/drug addiction

  4. Coffee is not only caffeine & is altered in roasting and metabolism CompoundGreen beansRoastingMetabolism ____________________________________________________ Total CGA8%5%0% 5-CAQA5%2%0% CAQ0%2%0% CA0%1%1% DHCA0%0%4% Caffeine2%2%2% ____________________________________________________ CGA = chlorogenic acids CAQ = caffeoylquinides 5-CAQA = caffeoylquinic acid QA = quinic acids CA = caffeic acid DHCA = dihydrocaffeic acid

  5. Study of coffee constituents may help us betterunderstand the mechanismsfor health benefits of coffee consumption • Depression/anxiety (suicide)* * • Atherosclerosis (cardiovascular deaths)* * • Degenerative brain disorders (Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s diseases)* * • Cancer* • Alcohol/drug addiction, type 2 diabetes, and obesity* * (cirrhosis)* • *Antioxidant activity • Opioidergic modulation • Adenosine agonism

  6. Antioxidant activity of coffee • Highly reactive oxygen species formed in the body can damage DNA, lipids, proteins • ROS implicated in cancer, heart disease, diabetes, neurodegenerative disorders, and aging, etc. • Can natural constituents of coffee neutralize ROS and their adverse consequences? • Does coffee improve endothelial function and thereby have protective effects against atherosclerosis and other related diseases? • Do antioxidant actions account for some of the health benefits of coffee?

  7. Dihydrocaffeic acid (DHCA) inhibits breakdown of endothelial cellvitamin E : J. Huang et al. / Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry 15 (2004) 722 –729

  8. DHCA repairs endothelial dysfunction by its antioxidant effects

  9. Adenosine effects of coffee • Inhibits release of several neurotransmitters • Increases regional blood perfusion • Stabilizes membrane potentials and decreases heart and brain tissue excitability • Prevents cellular damage during various tissue insults (e.g., oxidant stress, excitotoxicity) • Caffeine is a potent adenosine antagonist • Do CGAs in coffee modify the effects of caffeine on the adenosine system?

  10. Effect of DIFEQ and vehicle on horizontal locomotor activity in C57BL6/J mice dePaulis et al, European Journal of Pharmacology 442 (2002) 215– 223

  11. Chlorogenic acid opposes the effects of caffeine on adenosine A1-receptor - A2A-receptor Adenosine Transporter Caffeine CGA

  12. Opioid activity of coffee • Endogenous opioids modulate ‘pleasure’, pain, mood, and ‘drive’ centers in the brain as do opiate drugs, e.g. morphine • Opioid antagonists can prevent relapse in alcoholism and other addictions • CGA quinides inhibit mu-opioid receptors • Can quinides in coffee be used to treat alcoholism or other addictions?

  13. Coffee extract antagonizes morphine-induced analgesia de Paulis et al, Psychopharmacology (2004) 176: 146–153

  14. Chlorogenic acid blocks mu-opioid receptor Endogenous opioid Mu-opioid receptors CGA

  15. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 Placebo (n = 28) Vivitrex (n = 28) Effect of Vivitrex® (Long-Acting Injectable Naltrexone) inMaintenance of Abstinence 100 90 80 70 60 Percent Abstinent 50 40 30 p < 0.025 20 10 0 Weeks JC Garbutt et al, JAMA 2005;293:1617-1625

  16. U.S. Obesity Surgeries per Year (1995-2005) Reflect Cost of Diabetes • 15% of all healthcare costs in U.S. • 150 M diabetes cases worldwide • Prevalence expanding (50% per decade) due to over-eating • Predicted prevalence of 300 M by 2050

  17. Association between coffee consumption and type 2 diabetes in individual cohort studies and meta-analysis of all cohort studies RM van Dam and FB Hu, JAMA. 2005;294:97-104

  18. Quinides of roasted coffee enhance insulin action in concious rat Shearer et al, J. Nutr. 133: 3536–3539, 2003

  19. ‘Behavioral’ Addictions: Drives Gone ‘Awry’ • Nutrition ------------ Obesity • Reproduction ------ Sex • Exploration --------- Gambling ‘…as far as the brain is concerned, a reward’s a reward, regardless of whether it comes from a chemical or an experience.’ Constance Holden, Science (2001)

  20. Coffee Consumption and Duration of Sobriety in AA Participants (n=235) Reich et al (in preparation)

  21. Coffee use (cups/day) is significantly correlated with duration of sobriety r=0.16 p=0.013 r=0.16 p=0.013 Length Sobriety Reich et al (in preparation)

  22. Brain Reinforcement Pathways

  23. Vanderbilt University Tomas de Paulis, Ph.D. Mary Dietrich, Ph.D. Reid Finlayson, M.D. Edward F. Fischer, Ph.D. Ruggero Galici, Ph.D Junjun Huang, M.D. James May, M.D. Michael P. McDonald, Ph.D. Michael S. Reich, B.S. David H. Wasserman, Ph.D. National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism David M. Lovinger, Ph.D. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Adriana Farah, Ph.D. Darcy Roberto Lima, M.D., Ph.D. Luiz C. Trugo, Ph.D. University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada Jane Shearer, Ph.D. University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada Terry E. Graham, Ph.D. Collaborators

  24. Acknowledgements • Brazil • Colombia • Guatemala • Japan • Mexico • USA (NCA, Kraft Foods, Nestle, Sara Lee, Starbucks)

More Related