Ch. 3, Sect. 3

1. Ch. 3, Sect. 3 Gas Behavior

2. Measuring Gases • Volume is the amount of space that matter fills • Volume is measured in cubic centimeters (cm³), milliliters (mL), and liters (L) • The volume of a gas is the same as the volume of the container • The higher the temperature, the faster the particles move; the slower the temperature, the slower the particles move • Even at an ordinary temperature of about 20°C, the particles of a typical gas travel about 500 meters/second • Pressure is the force of a gas pushing outward divided by the area of the walls of the container • The pressure is higher in a fully pumped up basketball • The pressure is lower in a basketball that is deflated

3. Boyle’s Law • The law states that when the pressure of a gas at a constant temperature is increased, the volume of the gas decreases. When the pressure is decreased, the volume increases • An example of something that Boyle’s Law applies to is a bicycle pump

4. Pressure and Temperature • When the temperature of a gas at constant volume is increased, the pressure of the gas increases. When the temperature is decreased, the pressure of the gas decreases • Think about the tires on a car or an 18-wheeler…if the tires are overinflated and get to hot, the particles of gas will exert enough pressure that the tires will blow

5. Charles’s Law • The law states that when the temperature of a gas is increased at constant pressure, its volume increases. When the temperature of a gas is decreased at constant pressure, its volume decreases. • A good example of Charles’s Law is a deflating helium balloon