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Welcome…. IMPROVED YIELDS WITH MULCHING AND DRIP FERTIGATION ON MICROIRRIGATED VEGETABLES (A REVIEW). Presented by: Basamma . K. A. II M.Tech Dept. of SWCE TNAU Coimbatore . Points to be covered:. Mulching Fertigation

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  1. Welcome…

  2. IMPROVED YIELDS WITH MULCHING AND DRIP FERTIGATION ONMICROIRRIGATED VEGETABLES(A REVIEW) Presented by: Basamma. K. A. II M.Tech Dept. of SWCE TNAU Coimbatore

  3. Points to be covered: • Mulching • Fertigation • Reviews on fertigation and mulching

  4. Mulch: Protective layer of the material that is spread on the top of the soil.

  5. Fertigation:

  6. JAIN FERTILIZER TANK JAIN INJECTOR PUMP Capacity : 60 ltr., 90 ltr., 120 ltr. & 160 ltr. Size : ¾ “ Proportional Setting of Injection Rate from 0.5 % to 2 % of Motive Flow FERTIGATION EQUIPMENT VENTURY INJECTOR Size : ½”, ¾“, 1”, 2”

  7. Case study 1 EFFECT OF DRIP FERTIGATION AND MULCHING ON TOMATO CROP (un published thesis from TNAU Coimbatore) Author: Nitha . K.

  8. Objectives: • To study the effect of different plastic mulches on the yield of Tomato • To find out optimum fertigation scheduling under drip irrigation for Tomato with mulching • To work out the cost economics of the drip fertigation system

  9. Materials and methods… • Location : PFDC research and demonstration plot of Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU) eastern block farm. The field is located at 110 N latitude and 770 E longitude with mean altitude of 426 m above the mean sea level.

  10. Weather and climate Mean annual rainfall : 612 mm Annual maximum mean Temperature : 32.50 C Annual minimum mean Temperature: 20.1 0 C Average relative humidity : 56.8% Sunshine hours : 3 to 10 hours. Mean daily evaporation : 3.5 to 7.6 mm.

  11. Crop Hybrid Tomato Variety: COTH 2

  12. Experimental Layout Treatments: The experiment is laid out with nine treatment combinations consisting of 3 mulching levels and 3 fertilizer levels(FRBD) Mulching Treatments: M1 : Black plastic mulch of 25micron thickness M2 : Black plastic mulch of 50micron thickness M3 : No mulch (Control) Levels of fertigation: Threelevels of fertigation : 80%, 100% and 120% of recommended dose of N, P and K. F1 : 80% RDF F2 : 100% RDF F3 : 120% RDF

  13. Treatments T1 :Black Plastic mulch of 25 micron thickness & fertigation with 80% RDF T2 :Black Plastic mulch of 25 micron thickness & fertigation with 100% RDF T3 :Black Plastic mulch of 25 micron thickness & fertigation with 120% RDF T4 :Black Plastic mulch of 50 micron thickness & fertigation with 80% RDF T5 :Black Plastic mulch of 50 micron thickness & fertigation with 100% RDF T6 :Black Plastic mulch of 50 micron thickness & fertigation with 120% RDF T7 : No mulch with 80% RDF drip fertigation T8 : No mulch with 100% RDF drip fertigation T9 : No mulch with 120% RDF drip fertigation

  14. Layout

  15. Effect on Soil temperature(0C)

  16. Cnt… • A difference of 2-50C was observed between mulched and non mulched treatments • It was revealed that plastic mulches increased soil temperature significantly than un-mulched control plots. • Because polythene mulches allowed part of the radiation to pass through it but acted as barriers against outgoing thermal radiation (Park et al., 1987). • The temperature increase under plastic mulch is due to high soil moisture content, which leads to more heat flux for thermal conductivity (Robock et al. 2000; Chen and Dudhia 2001). • This well documented temperature rise is often used as an explanation for increased production of crops grown on plastic mulch (Grubinger et al., 1993; Davis, 1994).

  17. Observations: • Growth Parameters: Plant height, Date to first flowering, date to first fruit set, Fruit weight/plant, Yield per plant , Fruit size, Fruit Diameter and total yield • Weed Population: Number of weeds, Types of weed and dry matter content of weed in each treatment. • Water Use Efficiency • Fertilizer Use Efficiency.

  18. Plant Height(cm)

  19. Plant Height Plant attained maximum height under mulches, particularly in 50 micron thickness plastic mulch, which might be due to the increased soil temperature (Tuli & Yesilsoy, 1997, Hallidri (2001) ). The increase in plant height is attributed to moisture conservation and weed suppression due to the application of mulches (Ullahet al., 1998).

  20. Fruit weight and fruit diameter

  21. Cnt…

  22. Fruit yield and number of fruits per plant

  23. Total yield(t/ha)

  24. 2. Patel and Rajput (2005) reported that fertigation of nutrients significantly increased saving of fertilizer nutrients up to 40 per cent without affecting the yield of crops compared to the conventional method of nutrient application. They also reported that fertilizer application at 100 per cent of recommended dose through fertigation recorded an increase in yield of 25.21 per cent from 23.0 t/ha to 28.8 t/ ha, in the year 2000 and 16.5 per cent from 23.56 t/ha to 27.47 t/ha, in the year 2001 as compared to broadcasting method of fertilizer application

  25. 3. Sathya. S. et al (2008) found that right combination of water and nutrients is the key for increasing the yield and quality of produce. The availability of N, P and K nutrient was found to be higher in root zone area of drip fertigated plot. Nitrogen and potassium moved laterally from point source up to 15 cm and vertically up to 15-25 cm and P moved 5 cm both laterally and vertically and thereafter dwindled. Fertigation frequency enables to reduce the concentration of immobile elements such as P, K and trace elements in irrigation water. Fertigation of nutrients significantly increased saving of fertilizer nutrients up to 40 per cent without affecting the yield of crops compared to the conventional method of nutrient application.

  26. conclusion

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