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What is Government?

What is Government?. Write down 10 things that come to your mind when you think about government. Government is the institution through which the state: maintains social order provides public services enforces binding decisions on citizens. Agenda. Bell Work Syllabus Discussion

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What is Government?

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  1. What is Government? • Write down 10 things that come to your mind when you think about government. • Government is the institution through which the state: • maintains social order • provides public services • enforces binding decisions on citizens

  2. Agenda • Bell Work • Syllabus Discussion • Notes/Class Discussion • Exit Ticket

  3. Principles of Government

  4. Questions to think about: • What are the main purposes of Government? • How do various theories explain the origin of government? • Public Policy: Which policies of the government make your life better and/or worse?

  5. 1972: 18-year-olds were allowed to vote for the first time • Many questions went through their minds: • Why am I doing this? • Will it make a difference? • What does this have to do with me? What do you think?

  6. Where & Why did government originate? • Aristotle: scholar in ancient Greece was one of the first to study government. • From ancient Greece & Rome, we get terms such as politics, democracy, and republic. • Today, we hear words like country & state • In government, these terms have the same meaning.

  7. The State • State: A political community that occupies a definite territory & has an organized government with power to make & enforce laws. • The U.S. is only one of more than 200 states in the world.

  8. Four Essentials Features of a State!!! • Population • Territory • Sovereignty • Government

  9. Population • Must share a consensus, or agreement about basic beliefs either politically or socially. • Example: most Americans share belief in democratic government

  10. Territory • A state has established boundaries • Example: The US’s boundaries are the Atlantic & Pacific Oceans along with recognized borders between Canada & Mexico • Boundaries can change through war, negotiations, or even purchases.

  11. Sovereignty • This is the KEY characteristic of a state! • Sovereignty: the state has the supreme & absolute authority within its borders • The state has complete independence • Power to make laws & shape its own policy • In theory, no state has the right to interfere with the internal affairs of another

  12. Government • Every state has some form of government

  13. What is Government?: Exit Ticket 3-2-1 • 3 pieces of information you learned today • 2 pieces of information you already knew that we discussed today • 1 piece of information you may have a question about as we move forward.

  14. Bell Work • Name three ideas from the seven enlightenment thinkers that we discussed in yesterdays class.

  15. Agenda 8/15 • Bell Work • Notes • Two Treatises of Government Excerpt and Questions • Exit Ticket

  16. Theories on the Origin of the State • Evolutionary Theory: Some scholars believe that the state came from a family structure • Force Theory: Government emerged when people of an area were placed under the authority of one person • Divine Right Theory: Idea that a god or gods chose certain people to rule • Social Contract Theory: People surrendered to the state in exchange for protection from cruel world.

  17. Evolutionary Theory • The state developed naturally out of the early family, of which one person was the head and thus the government. (The family, the clan, the tribe)

  18. Force Theory • One person or a small group claimed control of a territory and forced people to submit to their rule.

  19. Divine Right Theory • God created the state and has given those of royal birth the divine right to rule.

  20. Social Contract Theory • The state arose out of a voluntary act among free people. Government was developed to protect natural rights. • People are in a state of nature. • Life is nasty, brutish, and short.

  21. Every Government has three types of powers • Legislative • Executive • Judicial

  22. Classifying Governments • Governments can be classified by three different standards: • Who can participate in the governing process • The geographic distribution of the governmental power within the state • The relationship between the legislative and the executive branches of the government

  23. Bell Work 8/16 • Look at your answers to yesterday’s reading questions and answer the following questions: • Does the state of nature provide for the protection of natural rights of citizens? Why or why not? • In your opinion, do you agree with Locke when he says the citizens have the right to over throw the government when the government abuses its power? Explain your answer.

  24. Agenda • Bell Work • Class Discussion on the Two Treatises of Government • Notes • Station Work • Exit Ticket

  25. Two Treaties of Government • Written by John Locke • Stated that the purpose of government was to protect people’s natural rights (life, liberty, property) • Stated that if the government fails to protect the people’s rights, then the people have the right to rebel • Based on the Natural Rights Philosophy--- imagining what life would be like if there was no government • The belief that a legitimate government cannot exist until the people have given their consent to be ruled by it • The basis for the Social Contract Theory

  26. Bell Work 8/17 • In your opinion, which idea within the Two Treatises of Government is most important for the formation of a democratic society?

  27. Station Work Directions • For each Placard you will write down the following two items: • Name of the document and describe it • Which political thinker did we get this idea from? What evidence from the document suggests its from this political thinker? Use the following political thinkers to answer these two questions: Locke, Montesquieu, Rousseau, Voltaire, Hobbes

  28. Exit Ticket • Which of the five political thinkers that we used as evidence today had the most influence on the formation of American Government?

  29. Bell Work 8/20 • Besides a democracy or republican form of government, what other types of governments exist in the world? • What are some nations around the world that have dictators?

  30. Agenda • Objective: We will understand the different forms of government from around the world. • Bell Work • Notes/Discussion • Exit Ticket

  31. ROBERT MUGABEZIMBABWE

  32. OMAR AL-BASHIRSUDAN

  33. KIM JONG-UNNORTH KOREA

  34. THAN SHWE*BURMA (MYANMAR)

  35. THEIN SEIN

  36. KING ABDULLAHSAUDI ARABIA

  37. KING SALMAN

  38. HU JINTAOCHINA

  39. XI JINPING CHINA

  40. AYATOLLAH KHAMENEIIRAN

  41. Who can participate? • Autocracy • A single person holds unlimited power • Authority to rule is in the hands of a single individual (form of government) • Maintain power by inheritance or ruthless means • Dictatorship– a form of an autocracy • Those who rule cannot be held responsible to the will of the people, one person or small has absolute power. (unlimited power, force) • Totalitarianism– a form of an autocracy • Belief that the government should control all groups and individuals behavior to promote the good of the state complete control over all aspects of society and human affairs

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