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4.1 New England

4.1 New England. Farms and Towns. Most farms were subsistence. Most farmers lived near town. Colonial officials sold larger plots of land to groups of people (usually the congregation of a Puritan church). The church divided the land among members of the church.

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4.1 New England

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  1. 4.1 New England

  2. Farms and Towns • Most farms were subsistence. • Most farmers lived near town. • Colonial officials sold larger plots of land to groups of people (usually the congregation of a Puritan church). • The church divided the land among members of the church. • Usually a cluster of farmhouses surrounded a “green” where the meeting house was located and public gatherings took place.

  3. Harvesting the Sea • Off the New England coast are some of the world’s richest fishing grounds. • Forests of oak trees provided excellent ship building materials. • Coastal cities grew due to fishing and lumber.

  4. Atlantic Trade • New England traded with other colonies. • There was direct exchange with Europe, and also a triangular trade between New England, Africa, and the West Indies see p. 95.

  5. Navigation Acts • New England was making money hand over fist and England wanted MORE of it so they passed the Navigation Acts of 1657: • All shipping must be done in English ships or ships made in the colonies. • Tobacco, wood, sugar could be sold ONLY to England or its colonies. • European imports to the colonies MUST pass through English ports. • English officials were to tax any colonial goods not shipped through England (restricted trade with other countries).

  6. African Americans in New England • Slavery was not helpful in this area because of the small farms and short growing seasons. • Some wealthy townspeople did own slaves who worked as servants, cooks, gardeners, and stable hands. • Many slaves were “hired out” to work on docks or in shops and warehouses. • Some slaves were able to keep some of their wages and eventually buy freedom.

  7. Changes in Puritan society • There was a gradual decline of Puritan religion because: • The drive for economic success was contrary to Puritan ideals. • Increasing competition from other religions • Political changes ---a new royal charter guaranteed religious freedom and the right to vote based on property ownership instead of church membership

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