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War Reflection # 3

War Reflection # 3. Just War Principle #1 : A just war must be a last resort ; all peaceful options must be exhausted before the use of force can be justified. Do you agree/disagree with this just war principle? Do you think it is a valid criteria? Why or Why not ?

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War Reflection # 3

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  1. War Reflection # 3 • Just War Principle #1 : A just war must be a last resort; all peaceful options must be exhausted before the use of force can be justified. • Do you agree/disagree with this just war principle? Do you think it is a valid criteria? Why or Why not ? • Did the Spanish American War meet this criteria? Why or Why not?

  2. I. Acquiring New Lands Chapter 18-3

  3. A. Cuba

  4. 1. Platt Amendment1901 • Made Cuba a Protectorate = • Gave the United States • Control of Cuban foreign policy • permission for US to intervene whenever deemed necessary • Rights to naval stations on its territory • 2. Guantanamo Bay = US military base on Cuba • 1898-1902: US military occupation of Cuba -------------------- • Platt Amendment repealed 1934(FDR) • w/rights to Guantanamo Bay as military base maintained

  5. B. Puerto Rico

  6. B. Puerto Rico • 1898: became US colony • 1900: 1. Foraker Act – ended military rule and established a formal colonial government US could amend or veto any legislation the Puerto Ricans passed. • 1917: 2. Jones Act – gave Puerto Ricans U.S. citizenship

  7. C. Insular Cases 1901-1904

  8. C. Insular Cases1901-1904“Does the Constitution follow the flag ?” • 14 Supreme Court decisions that addressed the application of the US Constitution to overseas territories • Ruled that the Constitution did not automatically apply to people in acquired territories

  9. D. Philippine-American War 1899-1906

  10. D. The Philippine-American War1899-1906 • Filipino fight for independence against U.S. rule

  11. 1. Emilio Aguinaldo • Rebel leader in the Philippines • led insurgency against US control of Philippines • 1901- captured & persuaded to swear allegiance to U.S. and called on his soldiers to stop fighting

  12. Brief History of Philippines • 1898- becomes US colony • 1902 – Civilian government set up under US appointed governor • 1916- Filipinos given US citizenship • able to elect their own legislature • could not vote for US President • no vote in US Congress

  13. Brief History of Philippines • 1934: became a Commonwealth • date for independence set for July 4, 1946 (FDR=US President) • 1941-1945 : Japanese occupation during World War II • 1946 : Independence • Republic of the Philippines formed

  14. E. China

  15. Open Door Notes (1899)John Hay- McKinley’sSecretary of State • US response to European powers carving up China into “spheres of influence” • a series of policy statements proposing that no single nation would have a monopoly on trade with any part of China • Goal = Free Trade in China

  16. 1898-19002. Boxer Rebellion • Secret nationalist Chinese organization • wanted to drive out foreigners • Began killing missionaries & other whites • 1900 - International force sent into rescue foreign diplomats under siege by Boxers in Peking (today Beijing) • US (Sec.of State Hay) induced other foreign powers to accept reparations for Boxer damages • China remained in tact (not partitioned) • Because competing powers could not trust the others

  17. HOMEWORK: War Reflection # 4 • Just War Principle #2 :A just war must be fought only as self-defense against armed attack or to redress a wrong. • Do you agree/disagree with this just war principle? Do you think it is a valid criteria? Why or Why not ? • Discuss the Philippine-American War as it relates to this principle. • Discuss the Boxer Rebellion as it relates to this principle.

  18. Video clip on Boxer Rebellion

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