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14th Workshop of the IEA Implementing Agreement on RFP Research Padova, 26-28 April, 2010

Fusion Research in China and at USTC. 14th Workshop of the IEA Implementing Agreement on RFP Research Padova, 26-28 April, 2010. Wandong Liu School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China. Outline. Fusion program in China

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14th Workshop of the IEA Implementing Agreement on RFP Research Padova, 26-28 April, 2010

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  1. Fusion Research in China and at USTC 14th Workshop of the IEA Implementing Agreement on RFP Research Padova, 26-28 April, 2010 Wandong Liu School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China

  2. Outline Fusion program in China Focus on tokamak research Plasma physics and fusion research at the University of Sci. & Tech. of China (USTC) The role of USTC in fusion program in China The past and possible future RFP program in China

  3. Outline Fusion program in China Focus on tokamak research Plasma physics and fusion research at the University of Sci. & Tech. of China (USTC) The role of USTC in fusion program in China The past and possible future RFP program in China

  4. Fusion program in China Diversity during the early days (starting from 1958): Z pinch, Ө pinch, FRC, reversed field pinch focus, mirror device stellarator tokamak

  5. An early stellarator in China Stellarator “LinYun”: designed in1965, capacitor bank energy: 800kJ plus ICRF heating

  6. Tokamaks in China Past decades: Tokamaks: CT-6, HL-1, HL-2, HT-6, KT-5 Today: Tokamaks in institutes: EAST, HT-7, HL-2A Tokamak in universities : J-TEXT, Sunist (ST) • The tradition of diversified fusion research has been lost!

  7. Tokamaks in China Institute of Plasma Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences EAST & HT-7 at ASIPP Qinghua University ST: SUNIST University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) SouthWestern Institute of Physics HL-2A at SWIP Huazhong University of Science & Tech Joint-TEXT at HUST

  8. HT-7 superconducting tokamak（ASIPP） R = 1.22m, a = 0.27m Ip = 100~250 kA (250) BT = 1~2.5T(2.5) ne = 1~8x1019m-3 (6.5) Te = 1~5 KeV (4) Ti = 0.2~1.5K eV (1.5) ICRF: f = 15~30MHz, P = 0.3MW(0.35) f = 30~110MHz, P = 1.5MW (0.6) LHCD: f = 2.45GHz, P = 1.2MW(0.8) Pellet injector Supersonic beam injection Main Goal: Advanced Steady-state operation and related physics

  9. EAST full superconducting tokamak （ASIPP）

  10. HL-2A Tokamak（ SWIP） Upgrade of HL-2A: HL-2M Tokamak

  11. J-TEXT Tokamak（HUST） Former TEXT in Austin Focus on training fusion engineers

  12. Outline Fusion program in China Focus on tokamak research Plasma physics and fusion research at the USTC The role of USTC in fusion program in China The past and possible future RFP program in China

  13. Year 2008 graduate study 619, 33% inside China 750, 40% graduate study outside China others 497, 27% University of Science and Technology of China • USTC was established by the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) in Beijing in 1958, and moved to Hefei, Anhui in 1970. • USTC is aimed at providing the country and the rest of world with high level scientists and engineers. • Enrollment to USTC is extremely selective, for only top 3-5 ‰ of the high school graduates in China are admitted. • 70% of the undergraduates continue to pursue post-graduate study home and abroad every year. • Over 10,000 alumni are working or studying outside China, mostly in northern America.

  14. Schools Engineering Science Mathematics Computer Science & Tech. Physical Sciences Information Science & Tech. Chemistry & Material Science Management Life Science Humanities & Social Science Earth & Space Science Gifted Young Nuclear Science & Tech Key Figure & Fact of USTC • 1350 academic staff, including 463 full professors, 30 academicians of CAS and/or CAE. • 16000 students, including 7400 undergraduates, 8200 graduate students (2400 PhD ). • “Time Higher Education Supplement” ranked USTC the 3rd place in China in 2008

  15. School of Physical Sciences Condense Matter Phys Dept. Phys NL Physical Science at Microscale Micro-Electronics NL Synchrotron Radiation Theoretical Phys CAS Key Lab of Basic Plasma Physics Particle & Nuclear Phys CAS Key Lab of Nucl Det. & Electronics Dept Modern Phys Plasma Physics PKL Physical Electronics Laboratory Atom & Mole Phys CAS Key Lab of Quantum Information Physical Electronics Dept Optics & OE Optics PKL The Photo-Electro Laboratory Optical Engineering Dept. Astronomy CAS Key Labof Galaxies and Cosmology astrophysics C Phys Ex Teaching NC for Phys Experiment Teaching Department Discipline Laboratory

  16. Physics Research Situation in USTC (1999-2009, ESI)

  17. Plasma research at USTC Plasma division in USTC Founded in 1972 Has the most comprehensive subjects in China CAS key Laboratory of Basic Plasma Physics 31 faculty members Fusion plasma physics Diagnostic & Experimental & Theoretical & Simulation research Magnetic confinement fusion (12 members) Inertial confinement fusion(7 members) Space plasma physics(10 members) Data analysis & Theory & Simulation Low temperature plasma and its application(8 members) Fundamental plasma research & plasma application

  18. Facilities of Plasma research in USTC R=30cm a=8cm Ip=15kA Bt~3kG t~2ms L = 200cm D = 25cm Bt ~ 1kG 108~1013cm-3 KT-5 Tokamak Linear Magnetized Device Double Plasma Device Collisional Plasma Device Dusty plasma Ion acoustic wave Nonlinear phenomena Plasma is produced via high energy electron beam in high pressure.

  19. Main research activities Diagnostic Techniques for Tokamak Plasma Laser HCN interfemeter, CO2 coherent scattering, CO2 phase contrast, Thomson scattering… Microwave Electron Cyclotron Emission Imaging at EAST and HT-7 Doppler reflectometer at EAST and HT-7 Electrostatic probe at HT-7, EAST and HL-2A Zonal flow research in edge plasma

  20. Zonal flow research in the edge plasma of HL-2A Poloidal and Toroidal Symmetries #8297 #8530 Probe Arrays Configuration Liu et al, Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 095002 (2009) • The mode numbers are estimated to be .

  21. Sawtooth research via ECEI in HT-7 & EAST 2D visualization of sawtooth reconnection ECEI system in HT-7 Sigal noise ratio ≥20 dB Data Acqusition: 128Ch*1M/s 2004 Plasma Sci. Technol. 6 2166 2006 Plasma Science Technol. 8 76 2009 Chin. Phys. B, 18, 1153 2010 Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion,52,015008 Low-field side (Ip=170kA, ne=2.4, Bt=1.9T, qa=3.3)

  22. Plasma research activities on campus • Fundamental plasma research in small device • KT-5 Tokamak • Ion Bernstein Wave, Turbulence, Coherent structure, Biased electrode, shear flow induced by RF… • Linear magnetized device • Drift turbulence, Zonal flow, Coherent structure, Source technology… • Magnetic reconnection experiment

  23. Theoretical Studies of Fusion Plasmas • Instability criterion of tearing modes for arbitrary magnetic shear configuration, Ding Li, Phys. Plasmas, 1998, 5, 1231 • Finite bootstrap current density and finite neo-classical reduction of electrical conductivity at the magnetic axis of a tokamak, S. Wang, Phys. Plasmas 5, 3319 (1998) • Non-local relaxation of neoclassical ions in tokamaks, S. Wang, Phys. Plasmas 6, 1393 (1999) • New Coulomb logarithm and its effects to Fokker-Planck equation, relaxation times and cross-field transport in fusion plasma, Ding Li, Nucl. Fusion, 2001, 41, (5), 631 • Destabilization of Internal Kink Modes at High Frequency by Energetic Circulating Ions, S. Wang, Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 5286 (2001) • Effects of Circulating Energetic Ions on Sawtooth Oscillations, S. Wang, T. Ozeki, and K. Tobita, Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 105004 (2002)

  24. Outline Fusion program in China Focus on tokamak research Plasma physics and fusion research at the University of Sci. & Tech. of China (USTC) The role of USTC in fusion program in China The past and possible future RFP program in China

  25. The former RFP research in China Construction from 1985 running from 1989Shutdown in 1997 R=0.48m, a=0.1mair core Al shell: d=1cmstainless steel liner: d=0.4mm plasma pulse < 2ms, Ip~150kA(max)Te~100eV The first RFP device in China :SWIP-RFP

  26. The former RFP research in China Time evolution in SWIP-RFP

  27. Why re-start RFP project in China? Toroidal alternate research is essential for fusion program in China!

  28. Motivation Diversity is part of the nature, so is fusion research. Ancient Chinese philosophy “Let a hundred schools of thought contend” (BC 770) Improve the understanding of toroidal confinement in general Test bed for diagnostics development

  29. Why in USTC Favorable geographic location: close to EAST, ASIPP (15km) Training of fusion talents is the priority of university Human resource advantage: USTC has strong research teams in both fusion and space plasma research The richness of the RFP physics fits the need of USTC

  30. The possible parameters of USTC-RFP

  31. Cartoon of USTC-RFP Aluminum Chamber Ohm Heating Coil Edge group Ohm Heating Coil center group Iron Core Air Core

  32. Possible research subjects Single helical state Dynamo (in collaboration with space plasma physicists) Reconnection in RFP (sawtooth) Wall condition: Lithium (Limiter) Resistive wall mode Plasma shape control, divertor (?) Open for suggestions

  33. Possible Location of USTC-RFP Floor Plan

  34. Thanks, and Welcome to USTC!

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