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Theories of Disease

Theories of Disease. Host. Agent. Clinical Response. Theories of disease are our attempt to explain what is going on inside a “host” by postulating a general mechanism A “theory of disease” is a yet-to-be proven general mechanism for a class of disease. Germ Theory of Disease. Host 1.

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Theories of Disease

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  1. Theories of Disease Host Agent Clinical Response Theories of disease are our attempt to explain what is going on inside a “host” by postulating a general mechanism A “theory of disease” is a yet-to-be proven general mechanism for a class of disease

  2. Germ Theory of Disease Host 1 Germs Reproduce “Germ” Clinical Response Later, Host 2 Germ Clinical Response Germs Reproduce • Many different kinds of germs cause response • Many different responses involving any and every organ system • Specific mechanisms may vary greatly (cholera vs. AIDS vs. shingles) • No single biomarker. Identification of specific germs took years • Prevention—avoidance, antiseptics, sanitation, use of gloves— preceded our knowledge of specific mechanisms

  3. Immune Theory of Disease Host 1 “Antigen” Antibodies Later, Y Y Y Y Y Y Antigen Host 1 Clinical Response Y Y Y Y • Many different kinds of antigens cause response • Many different responses involving any and every organ system • Specific mechanisms vary greatly (poison ivy vs. allergic rhinitis vs. serum sickness) • No single biomarker, identification of specific antibodies took years • Prevention—avoidance, allergy shots—preceded our knowledge of specific mechanisms

  4. TILT Theory of Disease Host 1 Loss of Tolerance Chemical • Many different kinds of chemicals cause response • Many different responses involving any and every organ system • Specific mechanisms may vary greatly • Currently no biomarker • Prevention—avoidance—may precede our knowledge of specific mechanisms Later, Host 1 OtherChemicals Clinical Response

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