1 / 2

Mitochondria in Apoptosis

Mitochondria in Apoptosis. SIGMA-ALDRICH. Mitochondria in Apoptosis

ramla
Télécharger la présentation

Mitochondria in Apoptosis

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Mitochondria in Apoptosis SIGMA-ALDRICH

  2. Mitochondria in Apoptosis Increases in cytosolic Ca2+ levels due to activation of ion channel-linked receptors, such as that for the excitatory amino acid neurotransmitter glutamic acid, can induce permeability transition (PT) of the mitochondrial membrane. PT constitutes the first rate-limiting event of the common pathway of apoptosis. Upon PT, apoptogenic factors leak into the cytoplasm from the mitochondrial intermembrane space. Two such factors, cytochrome c and apoptosis inducing factor (AIF), begin a cascade of proteolytic activity that ultimately leads to nuclear damage (DNA fragmentation, DNA mutations) and cell death. Cytochrome c, a key protein in electron transport, appears to act by forming a multimeric complex with Apaf-1, a protease, which in turn activates procaspase 9, and begins a cascade of activation of downstream caspases. Smac/Diablo is released from the mitochondria and inhibits IAP (inhibitor of apoptosis) from interacting with caspase 9 leading to apoptosis. Bcl-2 and Bcl-X can prevent pore formation and block the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria and prevent activation of the caspase cascade and apoptosis. PT is also related to the mitochondrial generation of reactive oxygen species which plays a role in the degradation phase of apoptosis (i.e. plasma membrane alterations). References Budihardjo, I., et al., Biochemical pathways of caspase activation during apoptosis. Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol., 15, 269-290 (1999). Susin, S.A., et al., Molecular characterization of mitochondrial apoptosis-inducing factor. Nature, 397, 441-446 (1999). Cai, J., et al., Mitochondrial control of apoptosis: the role of cytochrome c. Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1366, 139-149 (1998). Lee, H., and Wei, Y., Mitochondrial role in life and death of the cell. J. Biomed. Sci., 7, 2-15 (2000).

More Related