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Role of Geo-ICT in Health

Role of Geo-ICT in Health. Aruna Srivastava and B.N. Nagpal. National Institute of Malaria Research Sec 8, Dwarka, Delhi 110077. Health as an issue. Health is an issue of Patient care as well as of Public Health In Patient care individual health is taken care of

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Role of Geo-ICT in Health

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  1. Role of Geo-ICT in Health Aruna Srivastava and B.N. Nagpal National Institute of Malaria Research Sec 8, Dwarka, Delhi 110077

  2. Health as an issue • Health is an issue of Patient care as well as of Public Health • In Patient care individual health is taken care of • In Public Health, health of the community is in the consideration

  3. Geo ICT in Patient Care • Individual attends different clinics for different ailments, multi point patient data can be synchronized on Geospatial platform • Internet connectivity can link patient history of different disease episodes, diagnostic tests, drugs schedule etc. • The specialist can over view patient’s general condition and can arrive at a conclusion • Communication network can help in patient care by delivering info on the user’s mobile/ email

  4. Geo ICT in Public Health Surveillance and Treatment(Malaria) • Detection of cases and treatment is done through Active & Passive case detection • In Passive case detection fever cases attended in hospitals/ clinics and are screened for malaria cases • In active case detection, door to door survey is carried out for fever cases and are examined for malaria • Malaria Positive cases in both the cases are given treatment

  5. Information Flow • Survey data is being generated person, house, village wise including patients age, gender, economic education status etc • The data is compiled at PHC level and is sent to district. District wise data is compiled at State level and is being sent to Centre. • Based on State data, at centre, NVBDCP is responsible for formulating control strategy for the entire country • Earlier using traditional way by the time data reached policy makers it was outdated currently efforts are on to use both Geospatial and Information Communication Technology but its collective use is still a far away

  6. Geo ICT for Malaria Surveillance 1999

  7. Implementation • GIS based malaria information system was implemented in Dindigul municipality on November 19th 1999, ‘The World GIS Day’ • Health officers from the district and state head quarters Tamil Nadu were trained for its proper utilisation • A Website URL www.malaria-tn.org was constructed for fast dissemination of information • Info was entered at district level and revised maps were instantly available at State and Centre

  8. Functionalities

  9. Spatio Temporal spread of Malaria

  10. Change in Malaria Scenario and mapping of breeding sites Areas where incidence has increased are spotted. If larval/ adult population shows that the transmission is indigenous. Otherwise may either be due to a relapse, recrudescent, or imported due to construction activities etc Ward 41

  11. Identification of risk factors

  12. Incidence Comparison Pf per cent

  13. Evaluation of Control Activities Evaluates ward wise adequacy/efficiency of the control programme using GIS maps.

  14. Buffer Zone Since adult control is not undertaken in urban areas, a buffer zone of 2-3 km can be created and anti larval measures can be strengthened within this zone.

  15. Advantages • Instant retrieval of information • dynamic maps, pinpointing areas requiring immediate attention • web hosting eliminates the need for traditional flow of info • universal accessibility of info • once the infrastructure is ready can be used to build DSS for any other disease.

  16. 1992 Research Geo ICT support to National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme Programme (2007)

  17. District wise Mapping of Malaria(API – 2006)

  18. District wise Drug Resistance & Pf%

  19. Prioritizing Villages for Focused Malaria Control States – 11 Districts - 68 Completed - 22 High Risk Districts India Assam High Risk States Completed Naogaon

  20. Action taken • Based on geospatial analysis of malaria data situation specific control activities were formulated and were communicated through email, fax, mobile for prompt action, hard copy also followed • A feed back on action taken was also received electronically • At NVBDCP web site malaria data is available and efforts are on to integrate both Geospatial and Information & Communication Technology

  21. Dengue Surveillance in Delhi

  22. Zone wise Dengue Cases, Aedes Breeding

  23. Zonewise Dengue Cases and Container wise breeding positivity

  24. Ward wise density of dengue cases Delhi (2006)

  25. Zone and Locality wise Dengue cases in Delhi (2006)

  26. Localitywise Dengue Cases in Badarpur Zone, Delhi

  27. Health Impact Assessment of Narmada Basin Dams and Resettlement & Rehabilitation colonies in Madhya Pradesh

  28. HIA in NVDP • Central Water Commission (CWC) made it mandatory to carry out Health Impact Assessment for any major developmental project. • A retrospective study on ‘Health Impact Assessment” of three major Dams funded by Narmada Valley Development Authority, Bhopal (NVDA) for five years was conducted from 2004 to 2010. NVDA extended funding till 2014 to progressively cover all 30 major dam areas in Narmada Valley • Under this engineering problems promoting malariogenic conditions are identified, mitigating measures are suggested to NVDA and other concerned authorities for corrective measures & HIA is evaluated through malariometric indices

  29. Future data Generation procedure* PDAs, the real time gadget, cansynchronize data with applications on auser's personal computer. The real time data would be recorded on PDA which can be transferred to computer, synchronised with application and again be transferred to PDA for corrective measures, thus eliminating the need for the user to update manually data at two places *In collaboration with Dept. Environment & Forest M.P.

  30. Real Time data generation Entry to PDA Data Transfer to PC Synchronization Data collected in field Mitigating Measures Suggested to CD Action Taken

  31. More… Geo ICT can efficiently be used for • Disease surveillance, identification of high risk areas for prompt treatment • Spatio temporal disease trend and predict future scenario for prompt control • Prioritize areas for intense/ prompt control activity • Improve Hospital management • Monitor toxic spills to protect the health hazard of nearby residents • Demographic analysis to estimate the demand for various types of services • Market pharmaceuticals • Conduct market studies and document health care needs of a community. • Maintain locational inventories of health care facilities, providers, and vendors. • Locate the nearest health care facility or health care provider on the Web.

  32. Conclusion Both Geo spatial and Information & communication technologies complement each other. While GIS helps analysing health related events in a wider perspective. Information & communication technologies form the enabling platform for both the systems to operate effectively.

  33. Credits to all GIS Team and Field Staff M.C. Sharma Rekha Saxena V.P. Singh Pawan Kumar Sanjeev Gupta Mr. Jitendra Kumar Mr. Arvind Tomar And all

  34. Thanks

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