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Matter

Matter. Get your notebook paper out and be ready to take notes. What is Matter?. Matter is anything that takes up space and has mass. What is NOT matter? Light Heat Energy. Types of Matter.

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Matter

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  1. Matter Get your notebook paper out and be ready to take notes

  2. What is Matter? • Matter is anything that takes up space and has mass. • What is NOT matter? • Light • Heat • Energy

  3. Types of Matter • Pure Substance- a particular kind of matter – made of just one kind of ‘particle’ – either an element or a compound • Mixture- more than one kind of matter – two or more pure substances whose particles are located next to each other.

  4. Properties • Physical Properties- a property that can be observed and measured without changing the substance. • Intrinsic • Extrinsic • Chemical Properties- a property that can only be observed by changing the type of substance.

  5. States of matter • Solid- mater that can not flow and has definite volume. • Liquid- definite volume but takes the shape of its container (flows). • Gas- a substance without definite volume or shape and can flow.

  6. States of Matter Definite Volume? Definite Shape? Temp. increase Com-pressible? Small Expansion Solid YES YES NO Small Expansion Liquid NO NO YES Large Expansion Gas NO NO YES

  7. Particles are very far apart • Lots of movement of particles • Most of the sample is actually empty space between the particles. • Particles are slightly less closely packed • More movement of particles • Particles can flow past each other. • Particles are very closely packed together • Particles vibrate in a fixed position. Gas Liquid Solid

  8. Mixtures • Made up of two or more pure substances. • Heterogeneous- mixture is not the same from place to place – variable composition • Ex: Chocolate chip cookie, gravel, soil. • Homogeneous- same composition throughout – uniform composition • Ex: Kool-aid, air. • Every part keeps its original properties.

  9. Substances • Elements- simplest kind of matter • Cannot be broken down into simpler • All one kind of atom. • Compounds are substances that can be broken down by chemical methods • When they are broken down, the pieces have completely different properties than the compound. • Made of molecules- two or more atoms chemically bound together

  10. Changes • Physical changes - change that changes appearances, without changing the substance. • Examples? “Changes of state are always physical changes!” • Chemical changes - change where a new substance is formed. • Examples? Cooking, rotting

  11. Indications of a chemical reaction • Energy absorbed or released (gets hotter or colder) • Drastic color change • Odor change • Precipitate- solid that separates from solution • A gas is produced (bubbles)

  12. Conservation of Mass • Mass can not be created or destroyed in ordinary (not nuclear) changes. • All the mass can be accounted for.

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