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Phytoplankton

Phytoplankton. Translates from Greek “free-floating plants” Misnomer – some float, others have limited motility (spontaneous movement). Source: http://visindavefur.hi.is/svar.php?id=4815. Typically bloom in the spring

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Phytoplankton

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  1. Phytoplankton • Translates from Greek “free-floating plants” • Misnomer – some float, others have limited motility (spontaneous movement) Source: http://visindavefur.hi.is/svar.php?id=4815

  2. Typically bloom in the spring • Dissolved silica is limiting nutrient (frustules – cell wall made from silica) • Cold water environments • P or Si limited Diatoms Source: http://www.jeolusa.com/tabid/323/AlbumID/570-22/Default.aspx Source: http://www.waterencyclopedia.com/Oc-Po/Plankton.html

  3. Green Algae • Typically bloom in summer • Usually P-limited Source: http://www.fcps.edu/islandcreekes/ecology/green_algae.htm Source: http://bennettkids.homestead.com/algae.html

  4. Dinoflagellates • Typically bloom in summer • Flagellated, motile • Occasionally toxic (red tide) Source: http://biology.unm.edu/ccouncil/Biology_203/Summaries/Protists.htm Source: http://mac122.icu.ac.jp/biobk/BioBookDiversity_3.html

  5. Blue-green algae • Typically bloom in late summer/early fall • Low N requirement (N-fixing organisms) • Low sinking velocities (gas vacuoles) • Warm water Source: http://apexlyo.com/page8.html Source: http://www.stockpix.com/stock/nature/botany/indexb.htm

  6. Eutrophication • Refers to the excessive rate of addition of nutrients, usually in reference to anthropogenic activities that increase the concentration of N and P to natural waters • Results in the excessive growth of plants, including phytoplankton • Negative water quality impacts: • Green color, decreased transparency, excessive weeds • Hypolimnetic loss of dissolved oxygen • Loss of species diversity (fish kills) • Taste and odor problems

  7. Sources: http://library.thinkquest.org/04oct/01590/pollution/eutrophication.html

  8. Source: http://www.cost869.alterra.nl/ Source: http://drake.marin.k12.ca.us/stuwork/rockwater/Eutrophication/index.html

  9. Source: http://www.cop.noaa.gov/stressors/extremeevents/hab/features/hypoxiafs_report1206.aspx

  10. Alexander et al. 2008. Differences in phosphorus and nitrogen delivery to the Gulf of Mexico from the Mississippi River Basin. ES&T 42: 822-830

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