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COST-EFFECTIVE CARBON Colin Price School of the Environment and Natural Resources Bangor University

COST-EFFECTIVE CARBON Colin Price School of the Environment and Natural Resources Bangor University . SOME PRICES FOR CARBON: Note: these prices were compiled from a wide range of sources in 1993, and can probably be more or less doubled now. CO 2. CO 2. CO 2. CO 2.

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COST-EFFECTIVE CARBON Colin Price School of the Environment and Natural Resources Bangor University

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  1. COST-EFFECTIVE CARBON Colin Price School of the Environment and Natural ResourcesBangor University

  2. SOME PRICES FOR CARBON: Note: these prices were compiled from a wide range of sources in 1993, and can probably be more or less doubled now.

  3. CO2 CO2 CO2 CO2

  4. [Difference in mean annual net cost] [Difference in mean carbon stock]

  5. In an investment context, the break-even price of carbon fixing is given by:

  6. Photo: John Tay

  7. Source: Healey, Price & Tay (2000)

  8. Sitka spruce YC 12: 80 tonnes for nothing! Sitka spruce YC 12: commercial versus “unmanaged” [Mean annual net cost] = £200 ÷ [Difference of mean carbon] ?250 – 80 tonnes = £1.17 per tonne per year

  9. Somewhat longer rotations: • give greater mean growing stock storage • produce a greater proportion of slow-decaying products • entail only slightly reduced net annual income, so … • represent cheap extra carbon

  10. Single-tree continuous cover forestry: worst case(harvesting penalty = £5 / m3 ; dysgenic effect = –20%) [Mean net cost per year = £230] ÷ (65 – 53) tonnes = £19 per tonne per year

  11. The material of the moment… Painted concrete Photo: University of Wales

  12. In an investment context, the break-even price of carbon fixing is given by:

  13. THREE WAYS OF USING TREES TO REDUCE NET CARBON EMISSIONS Discount rate Fix fossil fuel emissions, then use the product £165 £87 as biomass fuel

  14. THREE WAYS OF USING TREES TO REDUCE NET CARBON EMISSIONS Discount rate Fix fossil fuel emissions, then use the product £330 £174 as biomass fuel

  15. Newport, C12th replaced 1913?

  16. Llandaff,c.1170 (replaced?)

  17. Bangor, 1350?

  18. St Asaph, C15th

  19. Brecon, C15th

  20. St Davids, C16th

  21. CO2 CO2 CO2 CO2 CO2 CO2 CO2 CO2 CO2 CO2

  22. Price of flux approach: grow-and-utilise-structurally Note: add 10% to allow for carbon emissions in harvesting Discount rate Without steel With steel replacement replacement 6% £172 £34 3.5% £85 £17 2% £31 £6.5 1% FREE! FREE!

  23. Even at a 6% discount rate: Douglas fir yield class 20 cost of carbon = £25 / tonne without steel replacement; or £5 / tonne with steel replacement

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