Stephanofilaria habronema Transmitted by Houseflies Stable flies Infect wounds Cause Excessive granulation Proud flesh S

1. Stephanofilaria habronema • Transmitted by • Houseflies • Stable flies • Infect wounds • Cause • Excessive granulation • Proud flesh • Summer sores

2. Onchocerca • Transmitted by • Mosquitoes • Gnats • Cause • Skin reactions • Face • Neck • Chest • Horse underline

3. Digestive System • Arthropods • Bots • Larval stages of botflies • Develop in stomach • Affect horses • Symptoms • Colic

5. Helminths • Worms • May cause infection or disease or both • Clinical or sub-clinical • Affect health status • Clinical • Obvious symptoms • Anemia • Diarrhea • Emaciation • Sub-clinical • No symptoms

6. Life span • 1-12 months • Animal resistance • Direct life cycle • Eggs • Larvae • Adults • Indirect life cycle • Intermediate host

7. Direct life cycle

8. Indirect life cycle

9. Nematodes • Roundworms • Large numbers • Nutritional disturbance • Damage • Stomach lining • Intestine • Blood loss • Hemorrhages • Migrating • Arteries • Liver • Lungs • Digestive inefficiency

12. Examples • Trichostrohgyles (hairworms) • Stomach and intestines of ruminants • Strongyles (bloodworms) • Large intestine of horses • Hookworms • Small intestine dogs and cats • Large roundworms • Small intestine of pigs, dogs, cats, horses and poultry • Whipworms • Large intestine dogs and pigs

13. Hairworm

14. Bloodworm Infestation of Cow

15. Hookworm

16. Large roundworms

17. Whipworms

18. Symptoms • Emaciation • Rough hair coat • Diarrhea • Pale mucous membranes • Diagnosis • Fecal floatation • Eggs

19. Transmission • Ingestion • Larvae • Hairworms • Strongyles • Hookworms • Eggs • Large roundworms • Whipworms • Direct contact • Skin • Hookworms • In-utero • Hookworms • Large roundworms

20. Tapeworms • Small intestine • Species • Dogs • Cats • Ruminants • Horses • Diagnosis • Gravid segments in • Feces • Anus

21. Transmission • Oral • Infected fleas • Dogs and cats • Infected soil mites • Ruminants and horses Tapeworms

22. Flukes • Liver flukes • Intermediate host • Snails • Transmission • Oral • Larvae encyst on grasses • Cattle graze grass • Symptoms • Acute liver disease (young animals) • Chronic liver disease (older animals) • Malnutrition • Diagnosis • Fecal float • Observation • Flukes • Liver damage Flukes

25. Life Process of Flukes

26. Protozoa • One-celled parasites • Intestine • Common • Carriers • Disease • Young susceptible animals • Poor diets • Examples • Coccidiosis • Calves, dogs, cats, poultry • Trichomoniasis • Dogs • Giardiasis • Dogs • Hexamitiasis • Poultry • Symptoms • Enteritis or colitis • Diarrhea • With or without blood and mucous

27. Coccidiosis

28. Trichomoniasis

29. Giardiasis

30. Hexamitiasis

31. Circulatory System • Heartworms • Nematode • Climatic • High rainfall • High humidity • Large mosquito population • Disease • Large amounts of worms affect blood flow

32. Symptoms • Exhaustion • Weakness • Rapid breathing • Coughing • Ascites • Swollen abdomen • Diagnosis • Blood smear • Snap test

33. Life Process of Heartworm in Dog

34. Heartworms

35. Reproductive System • Protozoa • Genital • Example • Bovine trich • Transmission • Veneral • Diagnosis • Smears