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The United States in World War II. The Home Front. Opportunity and Adjustment. Economic Gains Higher wages Famers prospered-better weather, improvements Women –defense plants, better pay –challenging work Population Shifts African Americans left South for work in North
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The United States in World War II The Home Front
Opportunity and Adjustment • Economic Gains • Higher wages • Famers prospered-better weather, improvements • Women –defense plants, better pay –challenging work • Population Shifts • African Americans left South for work in North • Workers move to where work was • -defense plants • Social Adjustments • Parents often working-at war • Many rushed to marry • Congress passed GI Bill of Rights (Serviceman’s Readjustment Act)
Discrimination and Reaction • African Americans find more jobs during war • Discrimination, violence in overcrowded cities • Detroit Riot 1943/9 whites, 25 blacks died • Los Angeles • Zoot Suit riots 1943
Internment of Japanese Americans • 120,000 Japanese American in U.S. during war • Pearl Harbor Attack causes rumors to spread of Japanese spies in U.S. • Some Japanese “interned” in Hawaii • On West Coast of U.S. 110,000 sent to camps • 2/3 Nisei –born in the U.S. • 1/3 Issei– born in Japan • FDR signed Executive Order 9066-appled to West Coast only
Japanese Internment • No Charges Ever Filed Against Japanese in U.S. • No EVIDENCE of subversion ever found • Families forced to sell homes & possessions
Japanese Internment • Japanese fought Internment in Courts • Korematsu v. United States 1944 • Supreme Court said “military necessity” • 1988 Pres. Reagan signed a bill to give $20,000 to each individual that “suffered internment”
