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SUCCESSION

SUCCESSION. Review Terms. Abiotic: Non-Living factors in an environment Biotic: Living factors in an environment Autotroph: makes its own food Heterotroph: goes out and gets food Herbivore, Carnivore, Omnivore, Detritivore. Community.

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SUCCESSION

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  1. SUCCESSION

  2. Review Terms • Abiotic: Non-Living factors in an environment • Biotic: Living factors in an environment • Autotroph: makes its own food • Heterotroph: goes out and gets food • Herbivore, Carnivore, Omnivore, Detritivore

  3. Community • A group of interacting populations that occupy the same area at the same time • Are organisms in all communities the same? • NO! • What lives in a rural community? • What lives in an urban community? • What lives in a desert community? • What lives in an arctic community?

  4. Limiting Factors • Any ABIOTIC FACTOR that restricts the numbers, reproduction or distribution of organisms • Can include: sunlight, climate, temperature, water • BIOTIC LIMITING FACTORS include LIVING things, such as other plant and animal species • Factors that are LIMITING FACTORS for one species might help another thrive

  5. TOLERANCE • The ability of an organism to survive when subjected to biotic and abiotic factors • Includes upper and lower limits of any environmental factors • Example: water temperature for fish

  6. Ecological Succession • Ecosystems are constantly changing • Can be small ways (a tree falling) or Large ways (forest fire) • Some ecosystems depend on fires to clear debris to prevent worse damage • If fire is prevented debris might build up to the point that the next fire would burn all shrubs and trees • Habitats can be changed so drastically by fire that some species can no longer live there

  7. Ecological Succession • The change in an ecosystem that happens when one community is replaced by another as a result of changing biotic and abiotic factors • 2 types: Primary and Secondary

  8. Primary Succession • Establishment of a community in an area where there is no topsoil • Occurs very slowly • Includes pioneer organisms: such as moss, lichens • Helps to break down rocks to make soil

  9. Primary Succession • Then small plants such as ferns, grasses; organisms such as fungi and insects • Finally small trees and shrubs start to grow • Figure 3.3 in textbook • A mature community can develop from bare ground • Climax Community: a stable, mature community that results when there is little change in the types of species

  10. Succession • http://geopolicraticus.wordpress.com/2010/04/30/ecological-succession-in-cultural-geography/

  11. Secondary Succession • Change that happens after a community of organisms have been removed but the soil remains intact • Community changes over time just as in primary succession

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