The Latin Language Split

1. The Latin Language Split A study of the Portuguese language

2. The Roman Empire Birth of the Roman Empire Julius Ceasar Apogee Fall of the Empire 1st century B.C. 3rd century B.C. 5th century C.E. 3rd century C.E. 1st century C.E. 7th century C.E. 2nd century C.E. 6th century C.E. 2nd century B.C. 4th century C.E. 8th century C.E. 0

3. Latin Languages : • The Romance Language Family • Spanish • Portuguese • French • Italian • Romanian Origins Influences from Others Further Split through Colonisation Influences on Others

4. Origins 275 B.C. • Common roots with Keltic languages • Latin and Keltic share many identical grammatical forms

5. The Dialects of Latin after the Fall 476 A.D. 0

6. Latin after the Fall • It disintegrated • Ceased to be strictly spoken • Did not become a dead language even if no longer spoken • It lived through important literature • Was used by scholars during the Middle Ages. Various provincial dialects : distinctive languages by the corruption and loss of grammatical endings Portuguese is described as “the Last Flower of Latium” Brazilian poet Olavo Bilac

7. Influences from Others Dialects of Latin were left free to evolve without the guidance of any Roman schools The dialects further diverged because of different conquering cultures. Iberian Peninsula: Portuguese • Two cultures left their mark • Invasions of Germanic tribes: changed the sound, military lexicon. • Invasion of Moorish (Arabic): agriculture lexicon What immerged is Galician-Portuguese. It was the language with the closest ties to Vulgar Latin.

8. Further Split through Colonization When the language was established and the country formed in the 12th century, it’s prosperity depended on the exploration of new territories as all lands in Europe were standing their ground. Portugal sent explorers to the four corners of the world. Independency of colonies : more dialectal differences For example: its biggest colony, Brazilian Portugeuse was influenced by the aboriginals And inconsistencies in reforms, for instance written accents, made the written language very different from each other.

9. Influences on Others • Certain words in English are from Portuguese origins directly and, by extension, indirectly from Latin: Brisa: Breeze Caramelo: Caramel Marmelada: Marmelade • Creation of a Creole in Sri Lanka

10. In conclusion… • Portuguese as a Modern Language: • Its distinctive ties to Latin • Its unique sound because of different influences (Barbaric & Arabic) • Its dialectal differences around the world through colonization • Its now present cultural influence • All of these elements makes this language very rich and beautiful.