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Political Situation in Italy

Political Situation in Italy. Deborah, Andrea, Emma, Clarence & Matthew. Identify problems that the Italian government faced and how they handled them. Political Background. Governed by Liberal politicians Government run by elitists

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Political Situation in Italy

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  1. Political Situation in Italy Deborah, Andrea, Emma, Clarence & Matthew Identify problems that the Italian government faced and how they handled them

  2. Political Background • Governed by Liberal politicians • Government run by elitists • Electorate of 600,000 represented only 2% of the population • Women not allowed to vote • No well established political parties • Corruption • Church’s opposition to the new Italian government

  3. 1919 Election Results • The PSI (Italian Socialist Party) and PPI (Italian People's Party) became the two largest parties. • Government became increasingly unpopular • Mussolini failed to win a seat

  4. 1921 Election Results • The Italian Socialist Party lost many votes and seats by the split of Communist Party of Italy. • Mussolini formed National Fascist Party • Gain 35 out of 355 seats

  5. Proportional Representation & Franchise • Introduced after WWI, replacing: • "First past the post" electoral systems • Census Suffrage • "Trasformiso" bloc of Liberals • Proportional Representation(August, 1919): • Number of seats proportional to number of votes • the Franchise(December, 1918): • Universal Suffrage for Men • Women still neglected participation in voting

  6. Changes Brought by Electoral System • Decline of the Liberal Faction: • Rise of PSI (Socialists) and PPI (Popolari) • Instability with 3 different factions, such as: • Socialists • Fascists • Allows the rise of socialists and with it, the Fascists: • Enables development of Bienno Rosso

  7. Coalition Government • PSI (Socialists) and PPI (Catholic Popolari) refusing to cooperate • Trasformiso-style politics • ž5 brief governments between 1918 and 1922 • No credibility • žAttempts to help masses ž • ž5 different governments failed to solve Italy’s social, economic and political problems

  8. New Political Party: Popolari • New Catholic Party • set up by the Pope • split between reformers and conservatives • 1920s - loss of power

  9. New Political Party: Socialists • Italian Socialist Party (PSI) • Genoa, 1892 • 1910 - improving electorial results • divisions: Reformers & Maximalists • 1919 general election - PSI popular • 1921 - end

  10. New Political Party: Catholics • The Italian People's Party (PPI) • founded in 1919 by Luigi Sturzo • supported by Pope Benedict XI • divided into factions • believes in Christian Democracy

  11. New Political Party: Fascists • Founded in Rome, 1921 by Mussolini • transformation into coherent political group • Mussolini's ideology • Black shirts - attacked Socialists • 'March on Rome' 1922 • Maintained a nationalist agenda with combinations of others.

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