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Just enough biochemistry to be dangerous??

Just enough biochemistry to be dangerous??. http://www.detoxi-pad.com/. Just enough biochemistry to be dangerous??. http://www.tahitiannoni.com/united_states/english/retail/store/research/index.html. Chapter 15. Design of metabolism. http://www.chem.uwec.edu/Chem454_S08/MetabolicchartBig.pdf.

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Just enough biochemistry to be dangerous??

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  1. Just enough biochemistry to be dangerous?? • http://www.detoxi-pad.com/

  2. Just enough biochemistry to be dangerous?? http://www.tahitiannoni.com/united_states/english/retail/store/research/index.html

  3. Chapter 15 Design of metabolism

  4. http://www.chem.uwec.edu/Chem454_S08/MetabolicchartBig.pdf

  5. G, Free Energy, recall:

  6. For biochemical reactions, we define a different standard state for the concentration of H+ • standard state for [H+] = 10-7 M, pH = 7.0 • this modified standard state is given the symbol G°’

  7. ATP • the experimental value of K’eq = 2.23 x 105

  8. ATP-Why? repulsion resonance BUT,it’s kinetically stable

  9. Other “high energy compounds

  10. "High energy" substance: a thermodynamically unstable substance whose hydrolysis or decomposition can be easily coupled to an unfavorable reaction. The arbitrary cut-off is~-10kJ/mol. There is no such thing as a "high energy bond" per se.

  11. Coupled Reactions Free energies are additive; favorable rxns can drive unfavorable;e.g.sequential coupling

  12. Sequential coupling

  13. Simultaneous coupling Example:Glucose to glucose-6-phosphate

  14. Example: calculate G°’ for this reaction involving phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) and decide whether or not it is spontaneous • use the following information from Table 14.1

  15. Under aerobic conditions, glucose is oxidized to carbon dioxide and water • the efficiency of the energy conservation under aerobic conditions is approximately 34% • Metabolism concerns how you get from here to there!!

  16. Metabolic strategies-Oxidation(burning of carbon containing compounds)

  17. Substrate level phosphorylations

  18. Ion gradients

  19. Overall Process

  20. Recurring Motifs in Metabolism “Activated” electron and functional group carriers

  21. Electron Carriers: H:- NAD+

  22. Electron Carriers: FAD

  23. Typical Oxidation Reactions

  24. “Carbon” carriers

  25. Chemical Reaction “themes” in metabolism

  26. Chemical Reaction “themes” in metabolism:Patterns

  27. Factors Affecting Metabolic Rate • Metabolism operates at a steady state. • Metabolites flow through the steady state

  28. Factors Affecting Metabolic Rate

  29. Factors Affecting Metabolic Rate • Metabolites flow through the steady state ATP

  30. Factors Affecting Metabolic Rate

  31. Factors Affecting Metabolic Rate

  32. Factors Affecting Metabolic Flow or flux through pathways • Amounts of enzymes • Catalytic activity of enzymes • Availability of substrates

  33. ATP Balance affects many metabolic pathways

  34. ATP Balance affects many metabolic pathways

  35. J J S A B CONTROL OF METABOLIC FLUX, J rate determining step P e.g. glucose pyruvate

  36. CONTROL OF METABOLIC FLUX, J e.g. Substrate Cycling: See glycolysis (F-6-P to F1,6-BP)

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