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Colonists Leaving England: The Search for Freedom

Explore why colonists left England and moved to America in search of freedom. Learn about the different types of colonies created in America and the landmark documents leading to the separation from Great Britain.

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Colonists Leaving England: The Search for Freedom

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  1. September 24, 2012Monday BELLWORK: Why did colonists leave England and move to America? What were they searching for? OBJECTIVES: SWBAT identify the different types of colonies created in America and landmark documents leading to our separation from Great Britain. AGENDA: 1. Chapter 2 – Section 1 Guided Notes 2. HOMEWORK – Chapter 2-1 Questions

  2. Chapter 2 – Section 1“Our Political Beginnings” Objectives: Understand basic ideas about government that English colonists brought to America. Examine how governments first developed in the 13 colonies. * The colonists brought three main ideas with the that influenced the formation of the government of the United States. Ordered Government - Orderly regulations of relationships with one another Limited Government - Government is not all-powerful. Individuals have rights which the government cannot take away. Representative Government - Government should serve the will of the people.

  3. * The roots of the three governmental ideas formed above came from several landmark documents in English history. *The Magna Carta (1215) - Gave individuals the right to trial by jury. - Created Due Process (The government must respect all of the legal rights that are owed to a citizen). - Against arbitrary taking of life, liberty, and property. - The power of the monarch(king or queen) is not absolute.

  4. Signing the Magna Carta

  5. * Petition of Right (1628) - Granted the right to trial by jury. - No martial law in peace time. * Martial Law - Rule by military. - Challenged the rule of Divine Right. * Made the king subject to all laws!

  6. English Bill of Rights (1689) • All elections are free. • Right to a fair and speedy trial. • Limit cruel and unusual punishment. *Examples include: Breaking wheel, boiling to death, flaying, disembowelment, crucifixion, impalement, crushing, stoning, execution by burning, dismemberment, sawing, and scaphism.

  7. The English Colonies *Each of the original 13 colonies were established on the basis of a charter. *Charter – Written grant of authority from the king. *These charters eventually developed into three different types of colonies: Royal Proprietary Charter

  8. Royal Colonies (8) - Under direct control of the crown. System of government: *Appointed governor and appointed council. *Both appointed by the king himself. * Bicameral legislature *Bicameral – Two house legislature. * First part of the legislature was appointed by the king. * Second part of the legislature was wealthy male landowners.

  9. 2. Proprietary Colonies (3) * Maryland, Pennsylvania, and Delaware. *Ruled by a proprietor: Individual or small group granted land by the king. Example: William Penn granted Pennsylvania by King Charles II * Had a governor and a legislature - Appointed by the proprietor, not the king.

  10. 3. Charter Colonies (2) * Connecticut and Rhode Island *In a charter colony, the King granted a charter to the colonial government establishing the rules under which the colony was to be governed. * Governor and legislature elected by: White male property owners. * These colonies were very liberal – which mean that they did not have to answer directly to the crown.

  11. 1.)Explain the concepts of ordered government, limited government, and representative government. 2.) What were some of the fundamental rights and principles established in the Magna Carta, the Petition of Right, and the English Bill of Rights? 3.) Identify and describe the three types of government in the English colonies. 4.) Explain the difference between a bicameral and a unicameral legislative body. 5.) In what ways were the 13 colonies similar to one another? How did they differ?

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