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Decimals

Chapter 4. Decimals. Introduction to Decimals. 4.1. Decimal Notation and Writing Decimals in Words.

robert-burns
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Decimals

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  1. Chapter 4 Decimals

  2. Introduction to Decimals 4.1

  3. Decimal Notation and Writing Decimals in Words Like fractional notation, decimal notation is used to denote a part of a whole. Numbers written in decimal notation are called decimal numbers, or simply decimals. Place names and place values for the decimal parts are also shown.

  4. Writing and Reading Decimals in Words

  5. Writing a Decimal in Words decimal part whole number part Write the decimal 143.056 in words. 143.056 one hundred forty-three and fifty-six thousandths

  6. Examples • Write the decimals in words. • 3.6 three and six tenths • 124. 52 one hundred twenty-four and fifty- two hundredths

  7. A decimal written in words can be written in standard form by reversing the procedure. Writing Decimals in Standard Form whole-number part decimal decimal part Write one hundred six and five hundredths in standard form. one hundred six and five hundredths 5 must be in the hundredths place 106 . 05

  8. Examples • Write each decimal in standard form. • Twelve and six hundredths • 12.06 • Fifty-four and seventy-two thousandths • 54.072

  9. Writing Decimals as Fractions

  10. Examples • Write the decimals as a fraction or mixed number. • 0.9 • 21.094 1 decimal place 1 zero 3 decimal places 3 zeros

  11. 1 decimal place 1 zero 3 decimal places 3 zeros Examples • Write each fraction as a decimal. • = 0.6 • = 36.005

  12. Comparing Two Positive Decimals 37 29 = 0 . 37 = 0 . 029 100 1000 2 zeros 3 decimal places 3 zeros 2 decimal places Notice that the number of decimal places in a decimal number is the same as the number of zeros in the denominator of the equivalent fraction. We can use this fact to write decimals as fractions.

  13. Comparing Decimals 3 7 10 10 One way to compare decimals is to compare their graphs on a number line. Recall that for any two numbers on a number line, the number to the left is smaller and the number to the right is larger. To compare 0.3 and 0.7 look at their graphs. 0 0.3 0.7 1 0.3 < 0.7 or 0.7 > 0.3

  14. Comparing Two Positive Decimals Comparing decimals by comparing their graphs on a number line can be time consuming, so we compare the size of decimals by comparing digits in corresponding places.

  15. Comparing Two Positive Decimals Compare digits in the same places from left to right. When two digits are not equal, the number with the larger digit is the larger decimal. If necessary, insert 0s after the last digit to the right of the decimal point to continue comparing. Compare hundredths place digits. 35.638 35.657 5 < 3 35.638 < 35.657

  16. Helpful Hint For any decimal, writing 0s after the last digit to the right of the decimal point does not change the value of the number. 8.5 = 8.50 = 8.500, and so on When a whole number is written as a decimal, the decimal point is placed to the right of the ones digit. 15 = 15.0 = 15.00, and so on

  17. Rounding Decimals We round the decimal part of a decimal number in nearly the same way as we round whole numbers. The only difference is that we drop digits to the right of the rounding place, instead of replacing these digits by 0s. For example, 63.782 rounded to the nearest hundredth is 63.78

  18. Rounding Decimals Step 1: Locate the digit to the right of the given place value. Step 2: If this digit is 5 or greater, add 1 to the digit in the given place value and drop all digits to the right. If this digit is less than 5, drop all digits to the right of the given place.

  19. Rounding Decimals to a Place Value tenths place digit to the right Round 326.4386 to the nearest tenth. Locate the digit to the right of the tenths place. 326.4386 Since the digit to the right is less than 5, drop it and all digits to its right. 326.4386 rounded to the nearest tenths is 326.4

  20. Example Round 0.5942 to the nearest thousandth. Step 1: Locate the digit to the right of the given place value. 0.5942 2 is to the right of the thousandth place value. Step 2: Since the digit to the right is less than 5, we delete it and all digits to its right. Thus 0.5942 rounded to the nearest thousandth is 0.594

  21. Example Round $0.067 to the nearest cent. Step 1: Locate the digit to the right of the given place value. $0.067 7 is to the right of the hundredths place value Step 2: Since the digit to the right is more than 5, we round up. Thus $0.067 rounds to $0.07.

  22. Example An aquarium costs $245.69. Round the price to the nearest dollar. The nearest dollar means the ones place. Locate the digit to the right of the ones place. $245.69 6 is to the right of the ones place value Thus $245.69 rounds to $246.00.

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