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United States Government Unit 4: The Executive Branch

United States Government Unit 4: The Executive Branch. Ch. 10 : the Federal Bureaucracy. A. Executive Departments & Agencies. The Executive Departments implement the policies of the President and enforce the laws There are a total of 15 Executive Departments

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United States Government Unit 4: The Executive Branch

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  1. United States Government Unit 4: The Executive Branch Ch. 10: the Federal Bureaucracy

  2. A. Executive Departments & Agencies • The Executive Departments implement the policies of the President and enforce the laws • There are a total of 15 Executive Departments • The heads of the Departments are called Secretaries, except for the Justice Department which is headed by the Attorney General • The heads are known as the President’s Cabinet • The Bureaucracy is made up of non-elected officials that work for the government in these departments

  3. B. Why do we have bureaucrats? When Congress makes laws they are carried out by the departments and agencies of the federal government that are part of the executive branch. The people who work for these organizations are called bureaucrats or civil servants. The heads of these organizations are generally appointed by the president. The remaining millions of workers are employees that remain in place as presidents change.

  4. C. Public Policy and the Bureaucracy Public policy is whatever the action the government chooses to take or not to take. While in theory bureaucrats would only carry out policies the president and Congress make, in reality necessity forces them to make some public policies.

  5. D. Cabinet The heads of the 15 executive departments make up the president’s cabinet. This group advises the president. Departments: State, Treasury, Defense, Justice, Interior, Agriculture, Commerce, Labor, Health and Human Services, Housing and Urban Development, Transportation, Energy, Education, Veterans Affairs, Homeland Security

  6. E. Independent Agencies Independent agencies are agencies that work apart form the cabinet departments. There are more than 200 independent agencies. There are three types of independent executive agencies.

  7. F. Major Independent Agencies Central intelligence Agency Civil Rights Commission U.S. Postal Service Selective Service System Social Security Administration Federal Emergency Management Agency National Aeronautics and Space Administration Peace Corps

  8. G. Government Corporations These are independent agencies that directly serve the public. Examples: Small Business Administration, or the United States Postal Service (USPS.)

  9. H. Independent Regulatory Commissions • They regulate, or make rules for large industries and businesses. • The president appoints commissioners however they do not report to him nor can he fire them. • Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) • Federal Reserve System (the FED) • Food and Drug Administration (FDA) • Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

  10. I. Independent Regulatory Commissions Federal Reserve System (1913): supervises banking system; regulates money supply Securities and Exchange Commission (1934): enforces laws prohibiting dishonest investment practices Federal Communication Commission (1934): regulates radio and television broadcasting National Labor Relations Board (1935): administers federal labor-management relations laws

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