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Appendicular Skeleton

Appendicular Skeleton. Pectoral Girdle Pelvic Girdle Appendages. APPENDICULAR SKELETON. MADE UP OF: appendages/limbs pectoral girdle pelvic girdle Remember… 126 Bones!. PECTORAL GIRDLE. Consists of scapula and clavicle. SCAPULA (2) = shoulder blade. - g lenoid cavity

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Appendicular Skeleton

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  1. Appendicular Skeleton Pectoral Girdle Pelvic Girdle Appendages

  2. APPENDICULAR SKELETON MADE UP OF: • appendages/limbs • pectoral girdle • pelvic girdle Remember… 126 Bones!

  3. PECTORAL GIRDLE • Consists of scapula and clavicle

  4. SCAPULA (2) = shoulder blade - glenoid cavity articulates with humerus

  5. Posterior view Medial view Anterior view

  6. SCAPULA continued… • coracoid process(like a crow’s beak)  point of attachment for muscles

  7. CLAVICLE (2) = collarbone • articulates with sternum and the scapula

  8. Pause! Please… remember to refer to your Bone Markings Table if you need to; for example: • Glenoid = pit/socket/articular depression • Trochlea = structure resembling or acting like a pulley • Tuberosity = large, rounded projection

  9. UPPER LIMBS • HUMERUS (2) • Humerus articulates with glenoid cavity of scapula • Distal trochlea articulates with the ulna

  10. RADIUS (2)= Lateral bone (thumb side) • The head of the radius articulates with the humerus • The radius forms most of joint with wrist bones • radial tuberosity= projection where the tendon of the biceps muscle attaches

  11. ULNA (2) • trochlear notchof ulna articulates with trochlea of humerus

  12. HAND Made up of 27 Bones Total CARPALS (16) = wrist  8 bones each hand (2 rows of 4) • METACARPALS (10) = palm 5 bones each hand • PHALANGES (28) total = fingers 14 bones each hand

  13. Some important features of the…PELVIC GIRDLE! • Helps protect/support the abdominopelvic organs • PELVIS includes coxal bones (hip bones) of appendicular skeleton & sacrum and coccyx of axial skeleton

  14. HIP/PELVIC/COXAL BONE (2) • Each coxal bone is formed by the fusion of 3 bones • The coxal bones join anteriorly at the pubic symphysis which is cartilage

  15. COXAL bone cont. • acetabulum= deep depression that articulates with the head of the femur

  16. Side note: Is it a…Male or Female Skeleton? FEMALE PELVIS • Female pubic arch is more rounded • Angle of the pubic arch is greater (wider pelvic inlet than male) • Female pelvis lighter

  17. FEMUR (2) = thighbone longest & heaviest bone in the body • headof femur articulates with the acetabulum of coxal bone • greater trochanterof femur is a site for muscle attachment

  18. FIBULA (2) = Thinner lateral lower leg bone • Head of fibula articulates with the tibia but fibula does NOT articulate with the femur

  19. TIBIA (2) = Large medial lower leg bone • Inferior surface of tibia articulates with proximal bone of the ankle • tibialtuberosity= roughened projection on the anterior surface where the patellar ligament attaches

  20. PATELLA (2) = sesamoid kneecap bone • Posterior surface articulates with the rounded projections of the femur

  21. TARSALS (14) • 7 bones each ankle talus:most superior tarsal bone (articulates with tibia and fibula) calcaneus:largest/ strongest tarsal = heel bone

  22. METATARSALS (10) • 5 bones long bones each foot • form the distal portion of the foot where foot arch is normally located

  23. PHALANGES (28) = toe bones • 14 bones each foot • The hallux(big toe) has 2 phalanges • Other 4 toes have 3 phalanges

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