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Periodic Trends

Periodic Trends. Reactivity of Active Metals. Active metals become more reactive as you go down a group. Ionization Energy. Energy required to remove the most loosely held electron from an atom The greater the ionization energy, the more strongly the atom holds onto its electrons

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Periodic Trends

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  1. Periodic Trends

  2. Reactivity of Active Metals • Active metals become more reactive as you go down a group

  3. Ionization Energy • Energy required to remove the most loosely held electron from an atom • The greater the ionization energy, the more strongly the atom holds onto its electrons • M + energy → M+ + e • Ionization energy increases as moving across a period • Ionization energy decreases as moving down a group

  4. Electron Affinity • Energy released when an atom gains an electron • Energy released is always shown with a negative number • Increases as you move across a period • Decreases as you move down a group

  5. Electronegativity • Measure of the ability of an atom to attract electrons • Ranges from .7 to 4.0 • If they have a high electronegativity, they have a strong desire for electrons • Increases across a period • Decreases down a group

  6. Atomic Radius • Half of the distance between two adjacent nuclei • Radius decreases across a period (atoms hold the electrons tightly in) • Radius increases down a group

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