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Chapter 5 Changes in Japan

Sub-Theme 3 Change and Development of Japan and Southeast Asia. Chapter 5 Changes in Japan. Topic 1: Factors for the Rise of Militarism . Year. Event. 1889. Meiji Modernization started. 1902. Anglo-Japanese Alliance signed . 1921-22. Washington Conference held. 1924.

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Chapter 5 Changes in Japan

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  1. Sub-Theme 3 Change and Development of Japan and Southeast Asia Chapter 5 Changes in Japan Topic 1: Factors for the Rise of Militarism

  2. Year Event 1889 Meiji Modernization started 1902 Anglo-Japanese Alliance signed 1921-22 Washington Conference held 1924 American Exclusion Act imposed 1929 Great Depression began Factors for the Rise of Militarism Time Track

  3. Factors for the Rise of Militarism The significance of the Meiji Constitution • According to the Meiji Constitution: • The ministries of the army and navy were to directly report to the emperor • The successors of the army and navy ministers should be selected from • soldiers in active duty  The soldiers acquired an important position • Throughout Meiji Modernization, Japan was modeled on Germany :  Emphasized the unification and supremacy of the country

  4. Factors for the Rise of Militarism The weaknesses of arty politics • The weaknesses of party politics • Parties continued to focus on self-interest • The proletariat party could not grow • Political struggles led to frequent changes of prime ministers • Colluded with the zaibatsu • The government In favour of the interests of the rich and unwilling to improve the living condition of the Japanese • The government failed to solve the key economic problems  The cry for anti-party politics was intense  Provided favourable conditions for the rise of militarism

  5. Factors for the Rise of Militarism The consequence of the economic depression • Economic crisis • Credit crisis and bankruptcies • Concentration of capital in a few large banks - economic domination of the zaibatsu • Foreign countries levied heavy custom duties on Japanese commodities • Decrease in wages, rapid increase in unemployment Zaibatsu colluded with warlords and support hard-line diplomacy

  6. Factors for the Rise of Militarism The rise of extreme nationalist ideology • The rise of extreme nationalist ideology﹕ • Emphasized extreme nationalism and honoured the supremacy of national community • Stressed the national duty to rescue other racial communities • Expanding the armaments  Kita Ikki ﹕An Outline Plan for the Reconstruction of Japan • Proposed to overthrow party politics, return real power to the Emperor • Demand the actualization of military dictatorship under imperial rule • Adopting an expanding policy to regain Japan’s glory

  7. Factors for the Rise of Militarism The search for glory and prestige • Japanese bear great risks • Victory in wars between 1895-1918 (defeating China and Russia) • Loss of public confidence towards a peaceful foreign policy (e.g., the • Washington, the Exclusion Act in the US) • The Japanese thought that, the implementation of aggression policy could: ﹕ • Bring about national glory and prestige to the country • Become an outlet for overcoming political and economic difficulties

  8. The End

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