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The Culture of the High Middle Ages

The Culture of the High Middle Ages. Architectural changes Papal authority v. the Power of Kings. Art and Architecture. Romanesque Architecture: 11 th and 12 th Centuries

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The Culture of the High Middle Ages

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  1. The Culture of the High Middle Ages Architectural changes Papal authority v. the Power of Kings

  2. Art and Architecture • Romanesque Architecture: 11th and 12th Centuries • Fortress like appearance, rounded arch, heavy ceilings to support massive thick walls, small windows very little light or color • Gothic Architecture (Began in the late 1100’s) • Between 1180 and 1270 80 Gothic Cathedrals were built in France • Pointed arches (flying buttresses) high ceilings, thin walls, stained glass windows, light, color

  3. Romanesque Architecture

  4. Common Problems of the 12th Century Church • Lay investiture • Church v. state authority • Simony (sale of Church offices) • Pluralism (holding more than one office)

  5. Reform begins • Gregory VII (1073-1085) • Focused on lay investiture (immediate problems in England, France and HRE) • The confrontation at Canossa (1075) • HRE Henry IV was excommunicated by Gregory VII when he called the Pope a “false monk” for condemning lay investiture • Henry traveled to Canossa to ask the Pope’s forgiveness • Pope had to grant absolution and lift his ban • The Concordat of Worms • Compromise on Lay Investiture

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