Effect of Seeding Rate on Paired-15-Inch and Single-38-Inch Row Cotton Yield

1. Effect of Seeding Rate on Paired-15-Inch and Single-38-Inch Row Cotton Yield Daniel O. Stephenson, IV, Shawn W. Lancaster, and Alan B. Beach Northeast Research and Extension Center

2. 15-Inch Cotton:What are you talking about?

3. 15” apart 15” apart 15” apart 15” apart 15-Inch Cotton:What does it look like? Solid 15-inch Rows – Flat Planted

4. 36,38, or 40” center 21, 23, or 25” middle 21, 23, or 25” middle 15” apart 15” apart 36,38, or 40” center 15-Inch Cotton:What does it look like? Paired 15-inch Rows – Planted on Raised Beds

5. 2006 Research • Planting Pattern x Seeding Rate • Paired-15-inch and Single-38-inch rows • 25,000, 40,000, 45,000, 55,000, and 65,000 seeds/acre

6. Paired 15-Inch vs. Single 38-inch cotton Northeast Research and Extension Center – Keiser, AR University Research Farm at the Judd Hill Plantation – Trumann, AR

7. Paired 15-Inch vs. Single 38-inch cotton • Judd Hill • Dundee Silt Loam • 38” raised bed spacing • Stoneville 4554 B2RF • Planted May 31st • Harvested: October 12th • Keiser • Sharkey Clay • 38” raised bed spacing • Stoneville 4554 B2RF • Planted: May 30th • Did not harvest!!!!!!

8. Paired 15-Inch vs. Single 38-inch cotton Hipper-Roller Hipper-Bedder

9. Paired 15-Inch vs. Single 38-inch cotton Category 3 Hook-ups

10. Paired 15-Inch vs. Single 38-inch cotton • Both sites furrow-irrigated

11. Paired 15-Inch vs. Single 38-inch cotton

12. Paired 15-Inch vs. Single 38-inch cotton A A B B

13. 15 14 Sympodial Leaves 12 Sympodial Branch 10 Main-Stem Leaf 8 Monopodial (Vegetative) Branch 7 6 Sympodial (Fruiting) Branch 5 4 Monopodial Nodes (Vegetative) 3 2 Sympodial Nodes (Fruiting) 1 0 Adapted from: D.M. Oosterhuis - Growth and Development of a Cotton Plant – Univ. of AR CES MP 332 Growth of a cotton plant

14. Paired 15-Inch vs. Single 38-inch cotton • Plant Mapping – COTMAP • Plant Structure • FN = 1st fruiting node • M = # of monopodial (vegetative) branches • S = # of sympodial (fruiting) branches • ES = Highest sympodial branch with boll in 1st position • H2 = # of sympodial branches with 2 nodes • TN = # of total nodes • PHT = Plant height • IL = Internode length

15. Paired 15-Inch vs. Single 38-inch cotton • Plant Mapping – COTMAP • Yield Variables • TB = # of total bolls • B1 = % of TB in 1st position • B2 = % of TB in 2nd position • OB = % of TB in outer positions • MB = % of TB as monopodial branch bolls • XB = % of TB as axillary bolls • BR1 = retention of 1st position bolls • BR2 = Retention of 2nd position bolls • EBR = Sum of 1st & 2nd position bolls on lowest 5 sympodial branches

16. Judd Hill PlantationDundee Silt Loam

17. Plant Structure Variables – Judd Hill A a B b

18. Plant Structure Variables – Judd Hill Paired-15” vs. Single-38” • No differences in: • # of monopodial branches • # of sympodial branches • # of sympodial with 2 nodes • # of sympodial with boll in 1st position • # of total nodes Seeding Rate • No differences in any variable Paired-15” Single-38”

19. Yield Variables – Judd Hill B1 = % total bolls in 1st position BR2 = Retention of 2nd position bolls a ab bc c c a ab ab b b

20. Seed Cotton Yield – Judd Hill NO DIFFERENCE IN YIELD!

21. Northeast Res. & Ext. Cntr. – KeiserSharkey Clay

22. a b a b Plant Structure Variables – Keiser • Internode length • single-38” > paired-15” S = # of sympodial branches TN = # of total nodes

23. Plant Structure Variables - Keiser S = # of sympodial branches TN = # of total nodes a ab bc bc c a a b b b

24. No Difference a b c c d Plant Structure Variables – Keiser

25. Yield Variables – Keiser B1 = % total bolls in 1st position BR1 = Retention of 1st position bolls a b a b

26. a a b b b c c Yield Variables – Keiser

27. Based on 70% survival that was observed Seed/Acre Plants/Acre 25,000 17,500 40,000 28,000 45,000 31,500 55,000 38,500 65,000 45,500 Yield Variables – Keiser a b

28. Yield Variables – Keiser Seed Cotton Yield Based on 100 bolls = 1 lb seed cotton

29. Summary • Judd Hill – Silt loam soil type • Plant height & internode length • Paired-15” < Single-38” • No difference in yield • Growth management! 28 oz/A Pix applied!

30. Summary • Keiser – Clay soil type • Paired-15” > Single-38” cotton • # of sympodial branches • # of total nodes • NOT plant height • Single-38” > Paired-15” cotton • % total bolls in 1st position • Retention of bolls in 1st position

31. Summary • Keiser – Clay soil type • Paired-15” > Single-38” cotton • Total bolls/plant • Total bolls/acre (based upon 70% survival) • Seed cotton yield (based on 100 bolls = 1 lb seed cotton) • No seeding rate effect

32. Conclusions • Research on best seeding rate for paired-15” and solid-15” is still on-going • 15” cotton may provide a benefit to producers who farm “less than exceptional” cotton land

33. Planned Future Research Planting pattern x seeding rate • Planting pattern • Paired-15” (on 38”-raised beds) • Paired-7.5” (on 38”-raised beds) • Single-38” (on 38”-raised beds) • Seeding rate • 20,000 • 35,000 • 45,000 • 55,000 • 65,000 • 75,000 • 90,000 Planting pattern x seeding configuration • Planting pattern • Paired-15” (on 38”-raised beds) • Paired-7.5” (on 38”-raised beds) • Single-38” (on 38”-raised beds) • Seeding configuration • Drill-type seed plate • Various seeding rates • Hill-drop-type seed plate • 2-hole @ various seeding rates • 3-hole @ various seeding rates

34. Questions?