FC.131 POST WAR BOOM AND BUST (1920-29)

Panic selling Stocks drop Unstable world econ. in 1920s despite illusion of prosperity Agr crisis in US when farmers can’t pay mortgages on land bought during the war Agr. prices fall in 1920s when Eur. can feed itself again Agr. Boom in US from selling grain to Eur. 5000 US banks, which over-invested in stock mkt, crash Eur. Banks crash when US banks call in loans Tariffs to protect home mkts Stock mkt craze in US where investors pay only 10% down & borrow rest from banks at 10-15% interest Stocks must rise 10-15%/yr to break even  Investors prone to panic selling at 1st sign of trouble Unbalanced $ flow to US for loans, goods & resources US loans & sales to Eur. Higher prices & heavier competition  fewer mkts FC.131 POST WAR BOOM AND BUST (1920-29) After-effects of World War I on world economy (FC.128) Eur’s rebuild ind’s, but don’t reclaim mkts (FC.128) US takes over many Eur. Mkts (FC.128) Loss of faith in econ. Loss of jobs & consumers Less buying & investment Cut production Worldwide depression (FC.132)

FC.132 THE GREAT DEPRESSION & EFFORTS TO SOLVE IT (1929-39) More unemployment  Fewer consumers Surplus in govt. treasury Tax low & spend high in hard times Stimulates econ. recovery Tax high & spend low in prosperous times US: FDR’s New Deal supports: Govt’s raise tariffs & establish import quotas, trading blocs & bilateral trade pacts  World trade drops 2/3 by 1933 Brit. Abandons gold standard & devalues its currency to undersell for. Competition  Other nations copy  Chaos Can better defend itself Depression deepens & internat’l tensions build  Growing belief that the Indust. State should work more actively to ensure the welfare of soc. Social programs  Safety net for poor Can better defend itself Social programs  Safety net for poor Rising international tensions Keynesian Economics Electronics & radar Milit., navy, & aircraft Brit: funds new programs: Depression spreads over the globe (FC.131) Govt’s cut civil servants’ pay & public works programs Germany, Italy, & Japan build their military Short-term jobs, but also aggression (FC.135) Banks, Agr., & vital ind’s Publ. works  Jobs Aggression escalates into World War II (FC.136)

FC.133 THE RISE OF FASCISM IN ITALY (1919-1925) Popular with middle class who fear Communism will eliminate private property & free enterprise Mussolini tries to build Italy’s power by developing: Is aggressively nationalistic Political & economic chaos in Italy Few resources in Italy Success, limited. largely by poor planning & corruption though Mussolini still claims Italy is a great power Italy’s military strength Public works (e.g., Hydro-elect.dams) Controls most aspects of society Rise of Fascism which: Italy’s ind’s, esp. shipping & aircraft World War I (FC.127) Italy & Germany mad about Treaty of Versailles (FC.128) Russian Rev.  Growing fear of Communism (FC.130) Allows private prop. & free enterprise Benito Mussolini & Fascists in Italy gain popularity & power by starting riots to destabilize govt. while posing as champions of law & order. Mussolini intimidates parliament to give him emergency powers He ends civil liberties Depression (FC.132) Despite his failures, Mussolini inspires Hitler to seize power (FC. 134)

FC.134 THE RISE OF HITLER AND THE NAZIS (1919-39) Moderate but weak Weimar Republic  Can’t maintain law & order Hitler builds his power & Ger. Nat’l pride by: Making Jews scapegoats for Ger’s problems Nazis gain support during Depression using a combination of: Industrialists make Hitler chancellor (1933) to stop Comm’s Nazis burn the Reichstag & blame the Communists Emergency powers & legal basis for Hitler’s dictatorship Rise of Hitler & Nazis who believe in: Strain on Ger. econ  aggression Growing fear of Ger. aggression Harsh Treaty of Versailles (FC.128) Depression  Higher tariffs & tensions (FC.132) Ger. econ. collapses with U.S. stock Mkt. (FC.131) Ger. bitter & unstable Belief Jews betrayed Ger. Avenging Tr. of Vers. Master Aryan race Hatred of Jews, Slavs, & other “inferior” races Street fights vs. Comm’s to embarrass weak Ger. Govt Propaganda + free food & festivals to win popularity Rearming Germany to 7X its 1933 level Using terror, govt. powers, & propaganda to crush his enemies 1 by 1 World War II (FC.135)

FC.135 THE ROAD TO WORLD WAR II Japan takes Manchuria (1931)  Invades China (1937) W. powers do nothing Shows weakness & disunity of old alliance vs. Ger. Fr allies w/Ger’s neighbors, incl. Russia Fr & Br finally decide to stop future Ger aggression Br, fearing Rus. Power, lets Ger. Rebuild its navy Allies try to overthrow communists Rus. Hostile vs. Western powers Intense fear of war Stalin allies w/Hitler since Fr & Br won’t stop Hitler Shows weakness & disunity of old alliance vs. Ger. Encourages fascist aggression Italy invades Ethiopia (1935) Hitler occupies Rhineland (‘36) Ger. & It. intervene in Sp. Civ. War Hitler occupies Austria (1938 Hitler takes Sudetenland (‘38) Hitler takes rest of Czech (3/’39) Intense fear of war Western powers fail to react First World War (FC.127) Depression (FC.132) Rus. Rev. (FC.130) Ger. bitter It rearms (FC.134) Ger. invades Poland (9/1/39) Fr & Br decl. war on Ger WW II (FC.136)

FC.136 WORLD WAR II IN EUROPE (1939-45) Allies adapt economies to full war product. right away Devastation of Ger’’s cities & convergence of allied armies from E & W  Germany surrenders (5/8/1945) New developments in warfare: Blitzkrieg using concerted attacks by tanks & planes to break through enemy lines Designed for quick vict. to avoid prolonged war France & Brit. declare war, but do nothing vs Ger. while it is involved in E. Europe Hitler takes Norway, Denmark, & Fr. (1940) Continued population growth Tanks & planes fire-power & mobility Continuous front is mobile  Much more destruction Nazis become complacent while allies adapt to & modify some aspects of blitzkrieg: Add motorized infantry & assault guns to slow blitzkrieg Stalin takes E. Poland, Latvia, Estonia, Lithuania, & parts of Romania Ger. Blitzkrieg almost conquers SU in 1941 Br., w/US aid, hangs on vs Ger. Air raids & submarine raids on its shipping in N. Atlantic Russian winter allows Russians to bolster defenses vs new Ger. offensive in 1942 Russians stop Ger’s @ Leningrad & destroy a Ger. army @ Stalingrad US helps Br. drive Ger’s from N. Afr. & invade Italy to divert Ger’s fr. Russia Exper. of Italian camp. & Stalin’s pressure to open 2nd front US & Br. invade occupied France (1944) Russian perseverance, ind. prod. & allied aid via Arctic ocean help drive Ger’s back across E. Eur. (1943-5) US Br. launch air raids vs Ger cities while they prepare to invade Ger. occupied Europe Devastates Ger’s cities & diverts Ger. air power from E. Front  Russian air superiority on E. Front Extend use of air power to mass bombing of cities Hitler invades Poland (9/1/1939) World War II (FC.135) Ind. Rev Faster tech. growth (FC.117) Cold War b/w SU & US(FC. 138)

FC.136 WORLD WAR II IN EUROPE (1939-45) Blitzkrieg using concentr. attacks by tanks & planes to break through enemy lines Designed for quick vict. to avoid prolonged war Continued popul. growth Tanks & planes fire-power & mobility Nazis become complacent while allies adapt to & modify some aspects of blitzkrieg: Add motorized infantry & assault guns to slow blitzkrieg Allies adapt economies to full war product. right away Extend use of air power to mass bombing of cities Hitler invades Poland (9/1/1939) World War II (FC.135) Ind. Rev Faster tech. growth (FC.117) New developments in warfare: Continuous front is mobileMuch more destruction Hitler takes W Eur (exc. Br) Ger subs & air force fail to break Br., now helped by US US & Br drive Ger’s from N Afr & invade Italy Invade occupied Eur(1944) Drive Ger’s back to Ger Stalin takes Baltic states & E. Poland Ger attacks USSR (1941)  Wins at 1st  Turned back at Moscow, Leningrad, & Stalingrad  Red Army, Rus. winter, & allied aid drive Ger’s back to Ger US & Br. launch air raids vsGer cities while they prepare to invade Ger. occupied Europe Devastates Ger’s cities & diverts Ger. air power from E. Front  Russian air superiority on E. Front Devastation of Ger’scities & convergence of allied armies from E & W  Germany surrenders (5/8/1945) Cold War b/w SU & US(FC. 138)

Japan launches surprise attack on US naval base at Pearl Harbor in Hawaii (12/7/1941) Atomic bombs devastate Hiroshima (8/6/45) & Nagasaki (8/9/45) but not before Stalin declares war on Japan (8/8/45) US develops & tests 1st atomic bomb (7/161945) US wants to win the war before Stalin can intervene in E. Asia Allies poised to invade Japan by mid 1945, but worried about massive casualties they would suffer US cuts oil supplies to Japan to force it to stop expansion (1941) Japan plans to conquer SE Asia & set up Greater E. Asia Co-Prosperity sphere to discredit Eur. powers & gain economic control of E. Asia Japan surrenders (9/2/1945) Japan worn down by enemy’s numbers & firepower US & allies drive Japanese back island by islandIn range to bomb Japanese cities US war prod. Huge numbers of ships & planes in S. Pacific Japanese over-confidence contributes to major naval defeat at Midway (June, 1942) Huge island empirehard to supply or concentrate its forces Nearly unbroken string of Japanese victories in early 1942  Mounting problems for Japan: US submarines ravage Japan’s unprotected shipping FC.137 WORLD WAR II IN THE PACIFIC (1937-45) Stalemate between Japan & China (FC.135) Hitler fails to keep Japan informed of his plans vs. Russia (FC.135) France & Britain distracted by war in Eur. (FC.136) Civil war in China resumes Comm’s take over (FC.147) Tensions b/w US & SU resume Cold War (FC.138)

FC.135A THE SPANISH REVOLUTION (1931-75) 30 Yrs. War (FC.88) Corrupt Bourbon mon. since 1700 (FC.95) Conq of Sp. from Moors in 1492 (FC.46B) Backward & feudal soc. w/powerful Church, rich landowners, impoverished peasants, & growing & discontented working class in Sp’s few ind. Cities (Madrid, Barcelona, & Bilbao) WWI Huge debts for combatants (FC.128) WWI Huge debts for combatants (FC.128) Other Eur. Ec’s revive (FC.131) Other Eur. Ec’s revive (FC.131) Since Sp. wasn’t involved in WWI  Brief period of industrialization & econ. Growth but corrupt govt.  Dictatorship of Primo Rivera (1923-30) Spain can’t compete w/bigger Eur. Econ’s Decline Monarchy restored  Elections  Moderate & liberal republic replaces monarchy in 1931 Spain divided into several factions: Socialists in N & Cent. Sp. who want control of ind’s in cent. state Falangists (fascists) supported by gen’s, rich, & Church Separatist Catalans in northeast & Basques in N. Anarchists esp. in Catalonia who want no army or cent. Govt. Republicans: Liberals, intellectuals, lower MC, shop owners Liberals unable to keep people at either extreme happy Right wing coalition wins elections (1933) Repression & hunger  Socialists & Republicans win back power in 1936 elections Fascist dictatorship in Italy sympathetic to Franco (FC.133) Fascist dictatorship in Germany sympathetic to Franco (FC.134) Growing violence on both sides  Troops under Gen. Francisco Franco land from Morocco to over throw govt. Spanish Civil War (1936-9) between: Republicans supported by Catalans & Basque separatists, socialists, anarchists, SU, & internat’l brigades Nationalists supported by fascist gen’s, rich landowners, Church & aid from fascist Germany & Italy Pattern of fighting: Both sides commit atrocities: Rep’s murder priests & nuns while fascists murder leftists & use aerial bombing & poison gas Fascist aid proved more effectiveNat’lists cut Madrid, Catalonia, & Basques off from each other Gradually took rest of Spain Franco winsStrict fascist dictatorship until his death in 1975Liberal Const. Mon.  Spain stabilizes and starts to prosper.

FC.134A. THE “GERMAN REVOLUTION” COMPARED TO THE FRENCH REVOLUTION (1918-90) Growing gap b/w ec. progress & soc. & polit.stagnationRising frustration aggravated by: Rising cost of wars for Fr. & Germany: Weak rulers Events get out of control: Enlightideas on liberty in Fr. (FC.100) Appeal of Marxism to the poor (FC.121) Fr. debts from Am. Rev. (FC.104) High cost of WWI for Ger. (FC.128) Weak rule of Louis XVI (FC.104) WWI Rev Wilhelm II ousted (FC.127) Moderate govt.keeps old policies to seem legit. Nat’l Assem. In Fr. honors royal debt (FC.105A) Weimar Rep. signs Tr. of Versailles (FC.128) Rising discontent as new gov’s moderate policies fail to quickly fix the problems that caused the rev. Growing internal turmoil Rise of violent rad. factions Robespierre & Jacobins, supported by urban sans culottes, seize power & restore order through severe measures & Reign of Terror (FC.1O5C) Hitler & Nazis, supported by Mid. Class & rich, seize power & restore order through severe measures & terror (FC.134) Conservative backlash or retrenchment: Thermidorean Reaction in France Directory (FC.105C) Hitler crushes rad. wing of Nazis to please army & industrialists (FC.134) Ruthless dictator tames rev. & uses its ideas for his purposes: Napoleon’s wars wreck France (FC.106B) Hitler wrecks Germany in WWII (FC.136) Gradual evolution toward stable economy & democracy: Rev’s of 1830 & 1848 Napoleon III whose ec. reforms prepare Fr. For 3rd Republic (FC.108) Allied occup. W. Ger evolves into stable democ. Unif. w/E. Ger in 1990 (FC.149)

POST WAR BOOM & BUST

POST WAR BOOM & BUST Compare British economic dominance in 1800s w/US dominance in the 1900s.

POST WAR BOOM & BUST Compare British economic dominance in 1800s w/US dominance in the 1900s. Britain had a cash flow going both into & out of Britain. US had more of a 1 way cash flow that was too dependent on US econ.-> Less healthy for world econ.

POST WAR BOOM & BUST Compare British economic dominance in 1800s w/US dominance in the 1900s. Britain had a cash flow going both into & out of Britain. US had more of a 1 way cash flow that was too dependent on US econ.-> Less healthy for world econ. 2) Why was there such an imbalance in cash flow?

POST WAR BOOM & BUST Compare British economic dominance in 1800s w/US dominance in the 1900s. Britain had a cash flow going both into & out of Britain. US had more of a 1 way cash flow that was too dependent on US econ.-> Less healthy for world econ. 2) Why was there such an imbalance in cash flow? US had taken over Eur. mkts during WWI & had loaned out money to Eur’s-> Principle came back w/interest

POST WAR BOOM & BUST Compare British economic dominance in 1800s w/US dominance in the 1900s. Britain had a cash flow going both into & out of Britain. US had more of a 1 way cash flow that was too dependent on US econ.-> Less healthy for world econ. 2) Why was there such an imbalance in cash flow? US had taken over Eur. mkts during WWI & had loaned out money to Eur’s-> Principle came back w/interest 3) Problem for US agric. in 1920s?

POST WAR BOOM & BUST Compare British economic dominance in 1800s w/US dominance in the 1900s. Britain had a cash flow going both into & out of Britain. US had more of a 1 way cash flow that was too dependent on US econ.Less healthy for world econ. 2) Why was there such an imbalance in cash flow? US had taken over Eur. mkts during WWI & had loaned out money to Eur’sPrinciple came back w/interest 3) Problem for US agric. in 1920s? Had over-invested in land during WWI when grain prices were high Demand & prices fall after WWIFarmers can’t pay mortgagesLost farms

POST WAR BOOM & BUST Compare British economic dominance in 1800s w/US dominance in the 1900s. Britain had a cash flow going both into & out of Britain. US had more of a 1 way cash flow that was too dependent on US econ.-> Less healthy for world econ. 2) Why was there such an imbalance in cash flow? US had taken over Eur. mkts during WWI & had loaned out money to Eur’s-> Principle came back w/interest 3) Problem for US agric. in 1920s? Had over-invested in land during WWI when grain prices were highDemand & prices fall after WWIFarmers can’t pay mortgages Lost farms 4) How did nations protect their econ’s after WWI and the results?

POST WAR BOOM & BUST Compare British economic dominance in 1800s w/US dominance in the 1900s. Britain had a cash flow going both into & out of Britain. US had more of a 1 way cash flow that was too dependent on US econ.-> Less healthy for world econ. 2) Why was there such an imbalance in cash flow? US had taken over Eur. mkts during WWI & had loaned out money to Eur’s-> Principle came back w/interest 3) Problem for US agric. in 1920s? Had over-invested in land during WWI when grain prices were highDemand & prices fall after WWIFarmers can’t pay mortgagesLost farms 4) How did nations protect their econ’s after WWI and the results? Tariffs-> Counter- tariffs-> Higher prices everywhere-> Sales declined-> More tariffs, etc.

POST WAR BOOM & BUST Compare British economic dominance in 1800s w/US dominance in the 1900s. Britain had a cash flow going both into & out of Britain. US had more of a 1 way cash flow that was too dependent on US econ.-> Less healthy for world econ. 2) Why was there such an imbalance in cash flow? US had taken over Eur. mkts during WWI & had loaned out money to Eur’s-> Principle came back w/interest 3) Problem for US agric. in 1920s? Had over-invested in land during WWI when grain prices were highDemand & prices fall after WWIFarmers can’t pay mortgagesLost farms 4) How did nations protect their econ’s after WWI and the results? Tariffs-> Counter- tariffs-> Higher prices everywhere-> Sales declined-> More tariffs, etc. ECT: Percent of new industries US controlled in 1920's

POST WAR BOOM & BUST Compare British economic dominance in 1800s w/US dominance in the 1900s. Britain had a cash flow going both into & out of Britain. US had more of a 1 way cash flow that was too dependent on US econ.-> Less healthy for world econ. 2) Why was there such an imbalance in cash flow? US had taken over Eur. mkts during WWI & had loaned out money to Eur’s-> Principle came back w/interest 3) Problem for US agric. in 1920s? Had over-invested in land during WWI when grain prices were highDemand & prices fall after WWIFarmers can’t pay mortgagesLost farms 4) How did nations protect their econ’s after WWI and the results? Tariffs-> Counter- tariffs-> Higher prices everywhere-> Sales declined-> More tariffs, etc. ECT: Percent of new industries US controlled in 1920's 80%

POST WAR BOOM & BUST Compare British economic dominance in 1800s w/US dominance in the 1900s. Britain had a cash flow going both into & out of Britain. US had more of a 1 way cash flow that was too dependent on US econ.-> Less healthy for world econ. 2) Why was there such an imbalance in cash flow? US had taken over Eur. mkts during WWI & had loaned out money to Eur’s-> Principle came back w/interest 3) Problem for US agric. in 1920s? Had over-invested in land during WWI when grain prices were highDemand & prices fall after WWIFarmers can’t pay mortgagesLost farms 4) How did nations protect their econ’s after WWI and the results? Tariffs-> Counter- tariffs-> Higher prices everywhere-> Sales declined-> More tariffs, etc. ECT: Percent of new industries US controlled in 1920's 80% 5) Fatal flaw of stock market?

POST WAR BOOM & BUST Compare British economic dominance in 1800s w/US dominance in the 1900s. Britain had a cash flow going both into & out of Britain. US had more of a 1 way cash flow that was too dependent on US econ.-> Less healthy for world econ. 2) Why was there such an imbalance in cash flow? US had taken over Eur. mkts during WWI & had loaned out money to Eur’s-> Principle came back w/interest 3) Problem for US agric. in 1920s? Had over-invested in land during WWI when grain prices were highDemand & prices fall after WWI Farmers can’t pay mortgagesLost farms 4) How did nations protect their econ’s after WWI and the results? Tariffs-> Counter- tariffs-> Higher prices everywhere-> Sales declined-> More tariffs, etc. ECT: Percent of new industries US controlled in 1920's 80% 5) Fatal flaw of stock market? Could buy stocks w/only 10% down-> Stocks had to rise 10-15% each year just to pay loan & break even-> Investors prone to panic & sell if market starts to go down.

POST WAR BOOM & BUST Compare British economic dominance in 1800s w/US dominance in the 1900s. Britain had a cash flow going both into & out of Britain. US had more of a 1 way cash flow that was too dependent on US econ.-> Less healthy for world econ. 2) Why was there such an imbalance in cash flow? US had taken over Eur. mkts during WWI & had loaned out money to Eur’s-> Principle came back w/interest 3) Problem for US agric. in 1920s? Had over-invested in land during WWI when grain prices were highDemand & prices fall after WWIFarmers can’t pay mortgagesLost farms 4) How did nations protect their econ’s after WWI and the results? Tariffs-> Counter- tariffs-> Higher prices everywhere-> Sales declined-> More tariffs, etc. ECT: Percent of new industries US controlled in 1920's 80% 5) Fatal flaw of stock market? Could buy stocks w/only 10% down-> Stocks had to rise 10-15% each year just to pay loan & break even-> Investors prone to panic & sell if market starts to go down. ECT: What was this practice called?

POST WAR BOOM & BUST Compare British economic dominance in 1800s w/US dominance in the 1900s. Britain had a cash flow going both into & out of Britain. US had more of a 1 way cash flow that was too dependent on US econ.-> Less healthy for world econ. 2) Why was there such an imbalance in cash flow? US had taken over Eur. mkts during WWI & had loaned out money to Eur’s-> Principle came back w/interest 3) Problem for US agric. in 1920s? Had over-invested in land during WWI when grain prices were highDemand & prices fall after WWIFarmers can’t pay mortgagesLost farms 4) How did nations protect their econ’s after WWI and the results? Tariffs-> Counter- tariffs-> Higher prices everywhere-> Sales declined-> More tariffs, etc. ECT: Percent of new industries US controlled in 1920's 80% 5) Fatal flaw of stock market? Could buy stocks w/only 10% down-> Stocks had to rise 10-15% each year just to pay loan & break even-> Investors prone to panic & sell if market starts to go down. ECT: What was this practice called? Buying on margin

POST WAR BOOM & BUST Compare British economic dominance in 1800s w/US dominance in the 1900s. Britain had a cash flow going both into & out of Britain. US had more of a 1 way cash flow that was too dependent on US econ.-> Less healthy for world econ. 2) Why was there such an imbalance in cash flow? US had taken over Eur. mkts during WWI & had loaned out money to Eur’s-> Principle came back w/interest 3) Problem for US agric. in 1920s? Had over-invested in land during WWI when grain prices were highDemand & prices fall after WWIFarmers can’t pay mortgagesLost farms 4) How did nations protect their econ’s after WWI and the results? Tariffs-> Counter- tariffs-> Higher prices everywhere-> Sales declined-> More tariffs, etc. ECT: Percent of new industries US controlled in 1920's 80% 5) Fatal flaw of stock market? Could buy stocks w/only 10% down-> Stocks had to rise 10-15% each year just to pay loan & break even-> Investors prone to panic & sell if market starts to go down. ECT: What was this practice called? Buying on margin ECT: Significance of $45.3 billion & $73 billion.

POST WAR BOOM & BUST Compare British economic dominance in 1800s w/US dominance in the 1900s. Britain had a cash flow going both into & out of Britain. US had more of a 1 way cash flow that was too dependent on US econ.-> Less healthy for world econ. 2) Why was there such an imbalance in cash flow? US had taken over Eur. mkts during WWI & had loaned out money to Eur’s-> Principle came back w/interest 3) Problem for US agric. in 1920s? Had over-invested in land during WWI when grain prices were highDemand & prices fall after WWIFarmers can’t pay mortgagesLost farms 4) How did nations protect their econ’s after WWI and the results? Tariffs-> Counter- tariffs-> Higher prices everywhere-> Sales declined-> More tariffs, etc. ECT: Percent of new industries US controlled in 1920's 80% 5) Fatal flaw of stock market? Could buy stocks w/only 10% down-> Stocks had to rise 10-15% each year just to pay loan & break even-> Investors prone to panic & sell if market starts to go down. ECT: What was this practice called? Buying on margin ECT: Significance of $45.3 billion & $73 billion. Growth of credit in US econ 1920-9

POST WAR BOOM & BUST Compare British economic dominance in 1800s w/US dominance in the 1900s. Britain had a cash flow going both into & out of Britain. US had more of a 1 way cash flow that was too dependent on US econ.-> Less healthy for world econ. 2) Why was there such an imbalance in cash flow? US had taken over Eur. mkts during WWI & had loaned out money to Eur’s-> Principle came back w/interest 3) Problem for US agric. in 1920s? Had over-invested in land during WWI when grain prices were highDemand & prices fall after WWIFarmers can’t pay mortgagesLost farms 4) How did nations protect their econ’s after WWI and the results? Tariffs-> Counter- tariffs-> Higher prices everywhere-> Sales declined-> More tariffs, etc. ECT: Percent of new industries US controlled in 1920's 80% 5) Fatal flaw of stock market? Could buy stocks w/only 10% down-> Stocks had to rise 10-15% each year just to pay loan & break even-> Investors prone to panic & sell if market starts to go down. ECT: What was this practice called? Buying on margin ECT: Significance of $45.3 billion & $73 billion. Growth of credit in US econ 1920-9 6) Vicious cycle of stock market crash?

POST WAR BOOM & BUST Compare British economic dominance in 1800s w/US dominance in the 1900s. Britain had a cash flow going both into & out of Britain. US had more of a 1 way cash flow that was too dependent on US econ.-> Less healthy for world econ. 2) Why was there such an imbalance in cash flow? US had taken over Eur. mkts during WWI & had loaned out money to Eur’s-> Principle came back w/interest 3) Problem for US agric. in 1920s? Had over-invested in land during WWI when grain prices were highDemand & prices fall after WWIFarmers can’t pay mortgagesLost farms 4) How did nations protect their econ’s after WWI and the results? Tariffs-> Counter- tariffs-> Higher prices everywhere-> Sales declined-> More tariffs, etc. ECT: Percent of new industries US controlled in 1920's 80% 5) Fatal flaw of stock market? Could buy stocks w/only 10% down-> Stocks had to rise 10-15% each year just to pay loan & break even-> Investors prone to panic & sell if market starts to go down. ECT: What was this practice called? Buying on margin ECT: Significance of $45.3 billion & $73 billion. Growth of credit in US econ 1920-9 6) Vicious cycle of stock market crash? Panic selling Stocks drop

POST WAR BOOM & BUST Compare British economic dominance in 1800s w/US dominance in the 1900s. Britain had a cash flow going both into & out of Britain. US had more of a 1 way cash flow that was too dependent on US econ.-> Less healthy for world econ. 2) Why was there such an imbalance in cash flow? US had taken over Eur. mkts during WWI & had loaned out money to Eur’s-> Principle came back w/interest 3) Problem for US agric. in 1920s? Had over-invested in land during WWI when grain prices were highDemand & prices fall after WWIFarmers can’t pay mortgagesLost farms 4) How did nations protect their econ’s after WWI and the results? Tariffs-> Counter- tariffs-> Higher prices everywhere-> Sales declined-> More tariffs, etc. ECT: Percent of new industries US controlled in 1920's 80% 5) Fatal flaw of stock market? Could buy stocks w/only 10% down-> Stocks had to rise 10-15% each year just to pay loan & break even-> Investors prone to panic & sell if market starts to go down. ECT: What was this practice called? Buying on margin ECT: Significance of $45.3 billion & $73 billion. Growth of credit in US econ 1920-9 6) Vicious cycle of stock market crash? 7) Vicious cycle of econ. Decline this triggered? Panic selling Stocks drop

POST WAR BOOM & BUST Compare British economic dominance in 1800s w/US dominance in the 1900s. Britain had a cash flow going both into & out of Britain. US had more of a 1 way cash flow that was too dependent on US econ.-> Less healthy for world econ. 2) Why was there such an imbalance in cash flow? US had taken over Eur. mkts during WWI & had loaned out money to Eur’s-> Principle came back w/interest 3) Problem for US agric. in 1920s? Had over-invested in land during WWI when grain prices were highDemand & prices fall after WWIFarmers can’t pay mortgagesLost farms 4) How did nations protect their econ’s after WWI and the results? Tariffs-> Counter- tariffs-> Higher prices everywhere-> Sales declined-> More tariffs, etc. ECT: Percent of new industries US controlled in 1920's 80% 5) Fatal flaw of stock market? Could buy stocks w/only 10% down-> Stocks had to rise 10-15% each year just to pay loan & break even-> Investors prone to panic & sell if market starts to go down. ECT: What was this practice called? Buying on margin ECT: Significance of $45.3 billion & $73 billion. Growth of credit in US econ 1920-9 6) Vicious cycle of stock market crash? 7) Vicious cycle of econ. Decline this triggered? Loss of faith in econ. Cut production Loss of jobs & consumers Less buying & investment Panic selling Stocks drop

POST WAR BOOM & BUST Compare British economic dominance in 1800s w/US dominance in the 1900s. Britain had a cash flow going both into & out of Britain. US had more of a 1 way cash flow that was too dependent on US econ.-> Less healthy for world econ. 2) Why was there such an imbalance in cash flow? US had taken over Eur. mkts during WWI & had loaned out money to Eur’s-> Principle came back w/interest 3) Problem for US agric. in 1920s? Had over-invested in land during WWI when grain prices were highDemand & prices fall after WWIFarmers can’t pay mortgagesLost farms 4) How did nations protect their econ’s after WWI and the results? Tariffs-> Counter- tariffs-> Higher prices everywhere-> Sales declined-> More tariffs, etc. ECT: Percent of new industries US controlled in 1920's 80% 5) Fatal flaw of stock market? Could buy stocks w/only 10% down-> Stocks had to rise 10-15% each year just to pay loan & break even-> Investors prone to panic & sell if market starts to go down. ECT: What was this practice called? Buying on margin ECT: Significance of $45.3 billion & $73 billion. Growth of credit in US econ 1920-9 6) Vicious cycle of stock market crash? 7) Vicious cycle of econ. Decline this triggered? 8) Impact on Europe? Loss of faith in econ. Cut production Loss of jobs & consumers Less buying & investment Panic selling Stocks drop

POST WAR BOOM & BUST Compare British economic dominance in 1800s w/US dominance in the 1900s. Britain had a cash flow going both into & out of Britain. US had more of a 1 way cash flow that was too dependent on US econ.-> Less healthy for world econ. 2) Why was there such an imbalance in cash flow? US had taken over Eur. mkts during WWI & had loaned out money to Eur’s-> Principle came back w/interest 3) Problem for US agric. in 1920s? Had over-invested in land during WWI when grain prices were highDemand & prices fall after WWIFarmers can’t pay mortgagesLost farms 4) How did nations protect their econ’s after WWI and the results? Tariffs-> Counter- tariffs-> Higher prices everywhere-> Sales declined-> More tariffs, etc. ECT: Percent of new industries US controlled in 1920's 80% 5) Fatal flaw of stock market? Could buy stocks w/only 10% down-> Stocks had to rise 10-15% each year just to pay loan & break even-> Investors prone to panic & sell if market starts to go down. ECT: What was this practice called? Buying on margin ECT: Significance of $45.3 billion & $73 billion. Growth of credit in US econ 1920-9 6) Vicious cycle of stock market crash? 7) Vicious cycle of econ. Decline this triggered? 8) Impact on Europe? US banks called in loans from Eur.-> Eur. banks & econ’s crashed Loss of faith in econ. Cut production Loss of jobs & consumers Less buying & investment Panic selling Stocks drop

Loss of faith in econ. Stocks drop Panic selling Less buying & investment Loss of jobs & consumers Cut production Unstable world econ. in 1920s despite illusion of prosperity Agr crisis in US when farmers can’t pay mortgages on land bought during the war 5000 US banks, which over-invested in stock mkt, crash Eur. Banks crash when US banks call in loans Agr. Boom in US from selling grain to Eur. Higher prices & heavier competition  fewer mkts Tariffs to protect home mkts Stock mkt craze in US where investors pay only 10% down & borrow rest from banks at 10-15% interest Stocks must rise 10-15%/yr to break even  Investors prone to panic selling at 1st sign of trouble Unbalanced $ flow to US for loans, goods & resources US loans & sales to Eur. Agr. prices fall in 1920s when Eur. can feed itself again FC.131 POST WAR BOOM AND BUST (1920-29) After-effects of World War I on world economy (FC.128) Eur’s rebuild ind’s, but don’t reclaim mkts (FC.128) US takes over many Eur. Mkts (FC.128) Worldwide depression (FC.132)

VIDEO FUN QUIZ!

What is this a picture of?

Run on a bank after stock market crash What is this a picture of?

Bank foreclosing mortgage on a farmer What is this a picture of?

The New York Stock Exchange What is this a picture of?

What term was used to describe this stylish young woman?

What term was used to describe this stylish young woman? Flapper

What term was used to describe this stylish young woman? Flapper In what decade would you see such a fashion?

What term was used to describe this stylish young woman? Flapper 1920s In what decade would you see such a fashion?

What dance are these people doing?

What dance are these people doing? Charleston

THE DEPRESSION

THE DEPRESSION 1) Old strategies nations followed to get out of Depression & result?

THE DEPRESSION 1) Old strategies nations followed to get out of Depression & result? More tariffs, cut public works projects & civil service jobs=> Depr. Got worse.

THE DEPRESSION 1) Old strategies nations followed to get out of Depression & result? More tariffs, cut public works projects & civil service jobs=> Depr. Got worse. 2) New strategies Britain followed & result?

THE DEPRESSION 1) Old strategies nations followed to get out of Depression & result? More tariffs, cut public works projects & civil service jobs=> Depr. Got worse. 2) New strategies Britain followed & result? Went off gold standard & devalued pound-> Br. Goods cheaper than foreign goods-> Other nations did same-> More econ. Chaos

THE DEPRESSION 1) Old strategies nations followed to get out of Depression & result? More tariffs, cut public works projects & civil service jobs=> Depr. Got worse. 2) New strategies Britain followed & result? Went off gold standard & devalued pound-> Br. Goods cheaper than foreign goods-> Other nations did same-> More econ. Chaos ECT:Significance of $4.86 & $3.40

THE DEPRESSION 1) Old strategies nations followed to get out of Depression & result? More tariffs, cut public works projects & civil service jobs=> Depr. Got worse. 2) New strategies Britain followed & result? Went off gold standard & devalued pound-> Br. Goods cheaper than foreign goods-> Other nations did same-> More econ. Chaos ECT:Significance of $4.86 & $3.40 Value of dollar to pound before & after Br. Devalued pound

THE DEPRESSION 1) Old strategies nations followed to get out of Depression & result? More tariffs, cut public works projects & civil service jobs=> Depr. Got worse. 2) New strategies Britain followed & result? Went off gold standard & devalued pound-> Br. Goods cheaper than foreign goods-> Other nations did same-> More econ. Chaos ECT:Significance of $4.86 & $3.40 Value of dollar to pound before & after Br. Devalued pound 3) Br. Economist & his new idea of how govt’s should act.

THE DEPRESSION 1) Old strategies nations followed to get out of Depression & result? More tariffs, cut public works projects & civil service jobs=> Depr. Got worse. 2) New strategies Britain followed & result? Went off gold standard & devalued pound-> Br. Goods cheaper than foreign goods-> Other nations did same-> More econ. Chaos ECT:Significance of $4.86 & $3.40 Value of dollar to pound before & after Br. Devalued pound 3) Br. Economist & his new idea of how govt’s should act. John Maynard Keynes thought govt’s should act opposite how individuals & businesses do: Tax high & spend low during good times to build surplus-> Can Tax low & spend high in bad times-> Can revive econ.

THE DEPRESSION 1) Old strategies nations followed to get out of Depression & result? More tariffs, cut public works projects & civil service jobs=> Depr. Got worse. 2) New strategies Britain followed & result? Went off gold standard & devalued pound-> Br. Goods cheaper than foreign goods-> Other nations did same-> More econ. Chaos ECT:Significance of $4.86 & $3.40 Value of dollar to pound before & after Br. Devalued pound 3) Br. Economist & his new idea of how govt’s should act. John Maynard Keynes thought govt’s should act opposite how individuals & businesses do: Tax high & spend low during good times to build surplus-> Can Tax low & spend high in bad times-> Can revive econ. 4) How did US & Britain follow Keynes & result?

THE DEPRESSION 1) Old strategies nations followed to get out of Depression & result? More tariffs, cut public works projects & civil service jobs=> Depr. Got worse. 2) New strategies Britain followed & result? Went off gold standard & devalued pound-> Br. Goods cheaper than foreign goods-> Other nations did same-> More econ. Chaos ECT:Significance of $4.86 & $3.40 Value of dollar to pound before & after Br. Devalued pound 3) Br. Economist & his new idea of how govt’s should act. John Maynard Keynes thought govt’s should act opposite how individuals & businesses do: Tax high & spend low during good times to build surplus-> Can Tax low & spend high in bad times-> Can revive econ. 4) How did US & Britain follow Keynes & result? Heavily funded public works & social programs-> Better able to defend themselves when WWII came

THE DEPRESSION 1) Old strategies nations followed to get out of Depression & result? More tariffs, cut public works projects & civil service jobs=> Depr. Got worse. 2) New strategies Britain followed & result? Went off gold standard & devalued pound-> Br. Goods cheaper than foreign goods-> Other nations did same-> More econ. Chaos ECT:Significance of $4.86 & $3.40 Value of dollar to pound before & after Br. Devalued pound 3) Br. Economist & his new idea of how govt’s should act. John Maynard Keynes thought govt’s should act opposite how individuals & businesses do: Tax high & spend low during good times to build surplus-> Can Tax low & spend high in bad times-> Can revive econ. 4) How did US & Britain follow Keynes & result? Heavily funded public works & social programs-> Better able to defend themselves when WWII came 5) How did Germany, Italy, & Japan follow Keynes & result?

THE DEPRESSION 1) Old strategies nations followed to get out of Depression & result? More tariffs, cut public works projects & civil service jobs=> Depr. Got worse. 2) New strategies Britain followed & result? Went off gold standard & devalued pound-> Br. Goods cheaper than foreign goods-> Other nations did same-> More econ. Chaos ECT:Significance of $4.86 & $3.40 Value of dollar to pound before & after Br. Devalued pound 3) Br. Economist & his new idea of how govt’s should act. John Maynard Keynes thought govt’s should act opposite how individuals & businesses do: Tax high & spend low during good times to build surplus-> Can Tax low & spend high in bad times-> Can revive econ. 4) How did US & Britain follow Keynes & result? Heavily funded public works & social programs-> Better able to defend themselves when WWII came 5) How did Germany, Italy, & Japan follow Keynes & result? Heavily funded military buildup-> No econ. Return-> Pressure to invade other countries-> WWII

THE DEPRESSION 1) Old strategies nations followed to get out of Depression & result? More tariffs, cut public works projects & civil service jobs=> Depr. Got worse. 2) New strategies Britain followed & result? Went off gold standard & devalued pound-> Br. Goods cheaper than foreign goods-> Other nations did same-> More econ. Chaos ECT:Significance of $4.86 & $3.40 Value of dollar to pound before & after Br. Devalued pound 3) Br. Economist & his new idea of how govt’s should act. John Maynard Keynes thought govt’s should act opposite how individuals & businesses do: Tax high & spend low during good times to build surplus-> Can Tax low & spend high in bad times-> Can revive econ. 4) How did US & Britain follow Keynes & result? Heavily funded public works & social programs-> Better able to defend themselves when WWII came 5) How did Germany, Italy, & Japan follow Keynes & result? Heavily funded military buildup-> No econ. Return-> Pressure to invade other countries-> WWII ECT: Imp. of Smoot-Hawley Tariff?

THE DEPRESSION 1) Old strategies nations followed to get out of Depression & result? More tariffs, cut public works projects & civil service jobs=> Depr. Got worse. 2) New strategies Britain followed & result? Went off gold standard & devalued pound-> Br. Goods cheaper than foreign goods-> Other nations did same-> More econ. Chaos ECT:Significance of $4.86 & $3.40 Value of dollar to pound before & after Br. Devalued pound 3) Br. Economist & his new idea of how govt’s should act. John Maynard Keynes thought govt’s should act opposite how individuals & businesses do: Tax high & spend low during good times to build surplus-> Can Tax low & spend high in bad times-> Can revive econ. 4) How did US & Britain follow Keynes & result? Heavily funded public works & social programs-> Better able to defend themselves when WWII came 5) How did Germany, Italy, & Japan follow Keynes & result? Heavily funded military buildup-> No econ. Return-> Pressure to invade other countries-> WWII ECT: Imp. of Smoot-Hawley Tariff? Locked Japan out of US mkts-> Aggression in Asia

THE DEPRESSION 1) Old strategies nations followed to get out of Depression & result? More tariffs, cut public works projects & civil service jobs=> Depr. Got worse. 2) New strategies Britain followed & result? Went off gold standard & devalued pound-> Br. Goods cheaper than foreign goods-> Other nations did same-> More econ. Chaos ECT:Significance of $4.86 & $3.40 Value of dollar to pound before & after Br. Devalued pound 3) Br. Economist & his new idea of how govt’s should act. John Maynard Keynes thought govt’s should act opposite how individuals & businesses do: Tax high & spend low during good times to build surplus-> Can Tax low & spend high in bad times-> Can revive econ. 4) How did US & Britain follow Keynes & result? Heavily funded public works & social programs-> Better able to defend themselves when WWII came 5) How did Germany, Italy, & Japan follow Keynes & result? Heavily funded military buildup-> No econ. Return-> Pressure to invade other countries-> WWII ECT: Imp. of Smoot-Hawley Tariff? Locked Japan out of US mkts-> Aggression in Asia ECT: What was TVA?

THE DEPRESSION 1) Old strategies nations followed to get out of Depression & result? More tariffs, cut public works projects & civil service jobs=> Depr. Got worse. 2) New strategies Britain followed & result? Went off gold standard & devalued pound-> Br. Goods cheaper than foreign goods-> Other nations did same-> More econ. Chaos ECT:Significance of $4.86 & $3.40 Value of dollar to pound before & after Br. Devalued pound 3) Br. Economist & his new idea of how govt’s should act. John Maynard Keynes thought govt’s should act opposite how individuals & businesses do: Tax high & spend low during good times to build surplus-> Can Tax low & spend high in bad times-> Can revive econ. 4) How did US & Britain follow Keynes & result? Heavily funded public works & social programs-> Better able to defend themselves when WWII came 5) How did Germany, Italy, & Japan follow Keynes & result? Heavily funded military buildup-> No econ. Return-> Pressure to invade other countries-> WWII ECT: Imp. of Smoot-Hawley Tariff? Locked Japan out of US mkts-> Aggression in Asia ECT: What was TVA? Tennessee Valley Authority-> Hydroelectric power in the South

FC.132 THE GREAT DEPRESSION & EFFORTS TO SOLVE IT (1929-39) Milit., navy, & aircraft Depression deepens & internat’l tensions build  Growing belief that the Indust. State should work more actively to ensure the welfare of soc. Surplus in govt. treasury Tax low & spend high in hard times Stimulates econ. recovery Tax high & spend low in prosperous times US: FDR’s New Deal supports: Can better defend itself Govt’s raise tariffs & establish import quotas, trading blocs & bilateral trade pacts  World trade drops 2/3 by 1933 More unemployment  Fewer consumers Brit. Abandons gold standard & devalues its currency to undersell for. Competition  Other nations copy  Chaos Govt’s cut civil servants’ pay & public works programs Electronics & radar Banks, Agr., & vital ind’s Brit: funds new programs: Can better defend itself Social programs  Safety net for poor Rising international tensions Keynesian Economics Publ. works  Jobs Social programs  Safety net for poor Depression spreads over the globe (FC.131) Germany, Italy, & Japan build their military Both jobs, & aggression (FC.135) Aggression escalates into World War II (FC.136)

MUSSOLINI

MUSSOLINI 1) Basic ideas of Fascism?

MUSSOLINI 1) Basic ideas of Fascism? Controls most aspects of soc., but allows free enterprise; Aggressively nationalistic.

MUSSOLINI 1) Basic ideas of Fascism? Controls most aspects of soc., but allows free enterprise; Aggressively nationalistic. 2) Mussolini’s goals as ruler of Italy?

MUSSOLINI 1) Basic ideas of Fascism? Controls most aspects of soc., but allows free enterprise; Aggressively nationalistic. 2) Mussolini’s goals as ruler of Italy? Build Italy’s military & ind’s, esp. shipping & aircraft; public works programs, esp. hydroelectric.

MUSSOLINI 1) Basic ideas of Fascism? Controls most aspects of soc., but allows free enterprise; Aggressively nationalistic. 2) Mussolini’s goals as ruler of Italy? Build Italy’s military & ind’s, esp. shipping & aircraft; public works programs, esp. hydroelectric. 3) How successful was he & why?

MUSSOLINI 1) Basic ideas of Fascism? Controls most aspects of soc., but allows free enterprise; Aggressively nationalistic. 2) Mussolini’s goals as ruler of Italy? Build Italy’s military & ind’s, esp. shipping & aircraft; public works programs, esp. hydroelectric. 3) How successful was he & why? Not very due to poor planning, few resources, & the Depression

MUSSOLINI 1) Basic ideas of Fascism? Controls most aspects of soc., but allows free enterprise; Aggressively nationalistic. 2) Mussolini’s goals as ruler of Italy? Build Italy’s military & ind’s, esp. shipping & aircraft; public works programs, esp. hydroelectric. 3) How successful was he & why? Not very due to poor planning, few resources, & the Depression ECT: Significance of the numbers 8530 & 583 in Mussolini’s Italy?

MUSSOLINI 1) Basic ideas of Fascism? Controls most aspects of soc., but allows free enterprise; Aggressively nationalistic. 2) Mussolini’s goals as ruler of Italy? Build Italy’s military & ind’s, esp. shipping & aircraft; public works programs, esp. hydroelectric. 3) How successful was he & why? Not very due to poor planning, few resources, & the Depression ECT: Significance of the numbers 8530 & 583 in Mussolini’s Italy? Size of air force Benito claimed & really had

MUSSOLINI 1) Basic ideas of Fascism? Controls most aspects of soc., but allows free enterprise; Aggressively nationalistic. 2) Mussolini’s goals as ruler of Italy? Build Italy’s military & ind’s, esp. shipping & aircraft; public works programs, esp. hydroelectric. 3) How successful was he & why? Not very due to poor planning, few resources, & the Depression ECT: Significance of the numbers 8530 & 583 in Mussolini’s Italy? Size of air force Benito claimed & really had ECT: Where did Italians get their best artillery for WWII?

MUSSOLINI 1) Basic ideas of Fascism? Controls most aspects of soc., but allows free enterprise; Aggressively nationalistic. 2) Mussolini’s goals as ruler of Italy? Build Italy’s military & ind’s, esp. shipping & aircraft; public works programs, esp. hydroelectric. 3) How successful was he & why? Not very due to poor planning, few resources, & the Depression ECT: Significance of the numbers 8530 & 583 in Mussolini’s Italy? Size of air force Benito claimed & really had ECT: Where did Italians get their best artillery for WWII? Taken from Austria during WWI

MUSSOLINI 1) Basic ideas of Fascism? Controls most aspects of soc., but allows free enterprise; Aggressively nationalistic. 2) Mussolini’s goals as ruler of Italy? Build Italy’s military & ind’s, esp. shipping & aircraft; public works programs, esp. hydroelectric. 3) How successful was he & why? Not very due to poor planning, few resources, & the Depression ECT: Significance of the numbers 8530 & 583 in Mussolini’s Italy? Size of air force Benito claimed & really had ECT: Where did Italians get their best artillery for WWII? Taken from Austria during WWI ECT: Origin of word fascism?

MUSSOLINI 1) Basic ideas of Fascism? Controls most aspects of soc., but allows free enterprise; Aggressively nationalistic. 2) Mussolini’s goals as ruler of Italy? Build Italy’s military & ind’s, esp. shipping & aircraft; public works programs, esp. hydroelectric. 3) How successful was he & why? Not very due to poor planning, few resources, & the Depression ECT: Significance of the numbers 8530 & 583 in Mussolini’s Italy? Size of air force Benito claimed & really had ECT: Where did Italians get their best artillery for WWII? Taken from Austria during WWI ECT: Origin of word fascism? Fasces, bundle of rods that was symbol of power in Rome

MUSSOLINI 1) Basic ideas of Fascism? Controls most aspects of soc., but allows free enterprise; Aggressively nationalistic. 2) Mussolini’s goals as ruler of Italy? Build Italy’s military & ind’s, esp. shipping & aircraft; public works programs, esp. hydroelectric. 3) How successful was he & why? Not very due to poor planning, few resources, & the Depression ECT: Significance of the numbers 8530 & 583 in Mussolini’s Italy? Size of air force Benito claimed & really had ECT: Where did Italians get their best artillery for WWII? Taken from Austria during WWI ECT: Origin of word fascism? Fasces, bundle of rods that was symbol of power in Rome ECT: Who was Benito named after?

MUSSOLINI 1) Basic ideas of Fascism? Controls most aspects of soc., but allows free enterprise; Aggressively nationalistic. 2) Mussolini’s goals as ruler of Italy? Build Italy’s military & ind’s, esp. shipping & aircraft; public works programs, esp. hydroelectric. 3) How successful was he & why? Not very due to poor planning, few resources, & the Depression ECT: Significance of the numbers 8530 & 583 in Mussolini’s Italy? Size of air force Benito claimed & really had ECT: Where did Italians get their best artillery for WWII? Taken from Austria during WWI ECT: Origin of word fascism? Fasces, bundle of rods that was symbol of power in Rome ECT: Who was Benito named after? Benito Juarez, Mexican revolutionary

MUSSOLINI 1) Basic ideas of Fascism? Controls most aspects of soc., but allows free enterprise; Aggressively nationalistic. 2) Mussolini’s goals as ruler of Italy? Build Italy’s military & ind’s, esp. shipping & aircraft; public works programs, esp. hydroelectric. 3) How successful was he & why? Not very due to poor planning, few resources, & the Depression ECT: Significance of the numbers 8530 & 583 in Mussolini’s Italy? Size of air force Benito claimed & really had ECT: Where did Italians get their best artillery for WWII? Taken from Austria during WWI ECT: Origin of word fascism? Fasces, bundle of rods that was symbol of power in Rome ECT: Who was Benito named after? Benito Juarez, Mexican revolutionary ECT: What did he call the national flag?

MUSSOLINI 1) Basic ideas of Fascism? Controls most aspects of soc., but allows free enterprise; Aggressively nationalistic. 2) Mussolini’s goals as ruler of Italy? Build Italy’s military & ind’s, esp. shipping & aircraft; public works programs, esp. hydroelectric. 3) How successful was he & why? Not very due to poor planning, few resources, & the Depression ECT: Significance of the numbers 8530 & 583 in Mussolini’s Italy? Size of air force Benito claimed & really had ECT: Where did Italians get their best artillery for WWII? Taken from Austria during WWI ECT: Origin of word fascism? Fasces, bundle of rods that was symbol of power in Rome ECT: Who was Benito named after? Benito Juarez, Mexican revolutionary ECT: What did he call the national flag? Rag fit to be planted on dung heap

MUSSOLINI 1) Basic ideas of Fascism? Controls most aspects of soc., but allows free enterprise; Aggressively nationalistic. 2) Mussolini’s goals as ruler of Italy? Build Italy’s military & ind’s, esp. shipping & aircraft; public works programs, esp. hydroelectric. 3) How successful was he & why? Not very due to poor planning, few resources, & the Depression ECT: Significance of the numbers 8530 & 583 in Mussolini’s Italy? Size of air force Benito claimed & really had ECT: Where did Italians get their best artillery for WWII? Taken from Austria during WWI ECT: Origin of word fascism? Fasces, bundle of rods that was symbol of power in Rome ECT: Who was Benito named after? Benito Juarez, Mexican revolutionary ECT: What did he call the national flag? Rag fit to be planted on dung heap ECT: Who was Gabriel d’Annunzio

MUSSOLINI 1) Basic ideas of Fascism? Controls most aspects of soc., but allows free enterprise; Aggressively nationalistic. 2) Mussolini’s goals as ruler of Italy? Build Italy’s military & ind’s, esp. shipping & aircraft; public works programs, esp. hydroelectric. 3) How successful was he & why? Not very due to poor planning, few resources, & the Depression ECT: Significance of the numbers 8530 & 583 in Mussolini’s Italy? Size of air force Benito claimed & really had ECT: Where did Italians get their best artillery for WWII? Taken from Austria during WWI ECT: Origin of word fascism? Fasces, bundle of rods that was symbol of power in Rome ECT: Who was Benito named after? Benito Juarez, Mexican revolutionary ECT: What did he call the national flag? Rag fit to be planted on dung heap ECT: Who was Gabriel d’Annunzio Italian who seized Fiume from League of nations-> Hero to Italians & esp. Benito

MUSSOLINI 1) Basic ideas of Fascism? Controls most aspects of soc., but allows free enterprise; Aggressively nationalistic. 2) Mussolini’s goals as ruler of Italy? Build Italy’s military & ind’s, esp. shipping & aircraft; public works programs, esp. hydroelectric. 3) How successful was he & why? Not very due to poor planning, few resources, & the Depression ECT: Significance of the numbers 8530 & 583 in Mussolini’s Italy? Size of air force Benito claimed & really had ECT: Where did Italians get their best artillery for WWII? Taken from Austria during WWI ECT: Origin of word fascism? Fasces, bundle of rods that was symbol of power in Rome ECT: Who was Benito named after? Benito Juarez, Mexican revolutionary ECT: What did he call the national flag? Rag fit to be planted on dung heap ECT: Who was Gabriel d’Annunzio Italian who seized Fiume from League of nations-> Hero to Italians & esp. Benito ECT: What did the Black Shirts carry w/them?

MUSSOLINI 1) Basic ideas of Fascism? Controls most aspects of soc., but allows free enterprise; Aggressively nationalistic. 2) Mussolini’s goals as ruler of Italy? Build Italy’s military & ind’s, esp. shipping & aircraft; public works programs, esp. hydroelectric. 3) How successful was he & why? Not very due to poor planning, few resources, & the Depression ECT: Significance of the numbers 8530 & 583 in Mussolini’s Italy? Size of air force Benito claimed & really had ECT: Where did Italians get their best artillery for WWII? Taken from Austria during WWI ECT: Origin of word fascism? Fasces, bundle of rods that was symbol of power in Rome ECT: Who was Benito named after? Benito Juarez, Mexican revolutionary ECT: What did he call the national flag? Rag fit to be planted on dung heap ECT: Who was Gabriel d’Annunzio Italian who seized Fiume from League of nations-> Hero to Italians & esp. Benito ECT: What did the Black Shirts carry w/them? Clubs, razors to dry shave opponents, & bottles of castor oil to force feed their enemies

MUSSOLINI 1) Basic ideas of Fascism? Controls most aspects of soc., but allows free enterprise; Aggressively nationalistic. 2) Mussolini’s goals as ruler of Italy? Build Italy’s military & ind’s, esp. shipping & aircraft; public works programs, esp. hydroelectric. 3) How successful was he & why? Not very due to poor planning, few resources, & the Depression ECT: Significance of the numbers 8530 & 583 in Mussolini’s Italy? Size of air force Benito claimed & really had ECT: Where did Italians get their best artillery for WWII? Taken from Austria during WWI ECT: Origin of word fascism? Fasces, bundle of rods that was symbol of power in Rome ECT: Who was Benito named after? Benito Juarez, Mexican revolutionary ECT: What did he call the national flag? Rag fit to be planted on dung heap ECT: Who was Gabriel d’Annunzio Italian who seized Fiume from League of nations-> Hero to Italians & esp. Benito ECT: What did the Black Shirts carry w/them? Clubs, razors to dry shave opponents, & bottles of castor oil to force feed their enemies ECT: Name of local Fascist party bosses & origin of that name?

MUSSOLINI 1) Basic ideas of Fascism? Controls most aspects of soc., but allows free enterprise; Aggressively nationalistic. 2) Mussolini’s goals as ruler of Italy? Build Italy’s military & ind’s, esp. shipping & aircraft; public works programs, esp. hydroelectric. 3) How successful was he & why? Not very due to poor planning, few resources, & the Depression ECT: Significance of the numbers 8530 & 583 in Mussolini’s Italy? Size of air force Benito claimed & really had ECT: Where did Italians get their best artillery for WWII? Taken from Austria during WWI ECT: Origin of word fascism? Fasces, bundle of rods that was symbol of power in Rome ECT: Who was Benito named after? Benito Juarez, Mexican revolutionary ECT: What did he call the national flag? Rag fit to be planted on dung heap ECT: Who was Gabriel d’Annunzio Italian who seized Fiume from League of nations-> Hero to Italians & esp. Benito ECT: What did the Black Shirts carry w/them? Clubs, razors to dry shave opponents, & bottles of castor oil to force feed their enemies ECT: Name of local Fascist party bosses & origin of that name? Ras; from Ethiopia

MUSSOLINI 1) Basic ideas of Fascism? Controls most aspects of soc., but allows free enterprise; Aggressively nationalistic. 2) Mussolini’s goals as ruler of Italy? Build Italy’s military & ind’s, esp. shipping & aircraft; public works programs, esp. hydroelectric. 3) How successful was he & why? Not very due to poor planning, few resources, & the Depression ECT: Significance of the numbers 8530 & 583 in Mussolini’s Italy? Size of air force Benito claimed & really had ECT: Where did Italians get their best artillery for WWII? Taken from Austria during WWI ECT: Origin of word fascism? Fasces, bundle of rods that was symbol of power in Rome ECT: Who was Benito named after? Benito Juarez, Mexican revolutionary ECT: What did he call the national flag? Rag fit to be planted on dung heap ECT: Who was Gabriel d’Annunzio Italian who seized Fiume from League of nations-> Hero to Italians & esp. Benito ECT: What did the Black Shirts carry w/them? Clubs, razors to dry shave opponents, & bottles of castor oil to force feed their enemies ECT: Name of local Fascist party bosses & origin of that name? Ras; from Ethiopia ECT: Significance of 12 million & 3 million?

MUSSOLINI 1) Basic ideas of Fascism? Controls most aspects of soc., but allows free enterprise; Aggressively nationalistic. 2) Mussolini’s goals as ruler of Italy? Build Italy’s military & ind’s, esp. shipping & aircraft; public works programs, esp. hydroelectric. 3) How successful was he & why? Not very due to poor planning, few resources, & the Depression ECT: Significance of the numbers 8530 & 583 in Mussolini’s Italy? Size of air force Benito claimed & really had ECT: Where did Italians get their best artillery for WWII? Taken from Austria during WWI ECT: Origin of word fascism? Fasces, bundle of rods that was symbol of power in Rome ECT: Who was Benito named after? Benito Juarez, Mexican revolutionary ECT: What did he call the national flag? Rag fit to be planted on dung heap ECT: Who was Gabriel d’Annunzio Italian who seized Fiume from League of nations-> Hero to Italians & esp. Benito ECT: What did the Black Shirts carry w/them? Clubs, razors to dry shave opponents, & bottles of castor oil to force feed their enemies ECT: Name of local Fascist party bosses & origin of that name? Ras; from Ethiopia ECT: Significance of 12 million & 3 million? Size of army Benito claimed & actually had

MUSSOLINI 1) Basic ideas of Fascism? Controls most aspects of soc., but allows free enterprise; Aggressively nationalistic. 2) Mussolini’s goals as ruler of Italy? Build Italy’s military & ind’s, esp. shipping & aircraft; public works programs, esp. hydroelectric. 3) How successful was he & why? Not very due to poor planning, few resources, & the Depression ECT: Significance of the numbers 8530 & 583 in Mussolini’s Italy? Size of air force Benito claimed & really had ECT: Where did Italians get their best artillery for WWII? Taken from Austria during WWI ECT: Origin of word fascism? Fasces, bundle of rods that was symbol of power in Rome ECT: Who was Benito named after? Benito Juarez, Mexican revolutionary ECT: What did he call the national flag? Rag fit to be planted on dung heap ECT: Who was Gabriel d’Annunzio Italian who seized Fiume from League of nations-> Hero to Italians & esp. Benito ECT: What did the Black Shirts carry w/them? Clubs, razors to dry shave opponents, & bottles of castor oil to force feed their enemies ECT: Name of local Fascist party bosses & origin of that name? Ras; from Ethiopia ECT: Significance of 12 million & 3 million? Size of army Benito claimed & actually had ECT: How many Italian spy services were there & what they did do?

MUSSOLINI 1) Basic ideas of Fascism? Controls most aspects of soc., but allows free enterprise; Aggressively nationalistic. 2) Mussolini’s goals as ruler of Italy? Build Italy’s military & ind’s, esp. shipping & aircraft; public works programs, esp. hydroelectric. 3) How successful was he & why? Not very due to poor planning, few resources, & the Depression ECT: Significance of the numbers 8530 & 583 in Mussolini’s Italy? Size of air force Benito claimed & really had ECT: Where did Italians get their best artillery for WWII? Taken from Austria during WWI ECT: Origin of word fascism? Fasces, bundle of rods that was symbol of power in Rome ECT: Who was Benito named after? Benito Juarez, Mexican revolutionary ECT: What did he call the national flag? Rag fit to be planted on dung heap ECT: Who was Gabriel d’Annunzio Italian who seized Fiume from League of nations-> Hero to Italians & esp. Benito ECT: What did the Black Shirts carry w/them? Clubs, razors to dry shave opponents, & bottles of castor oil to force feed their enemies ECT: Name of local Fascist party bosses & origin of that name? Ras; from Ethiopia ECT: Significance of 12 million & 3 million? Size of army Benito claimed & actually had ECT: How many Italian spy services were there & what they did do? 3. They spied on each other,planted fake documents in each others’ files, & got dates for Benito

FC.133 THE RISE OF FASCISM IN ITALY (1919-1925) Local party bosses march on Rome to overthrow govt  Mussolini follows along Mussolini tries to build Italy’s power by developing: Success, limited. largely by poor planning & corruption though Mussolini still claims Italy is a great power Allows private prop. & free enterprise Is aggressively nationalistic Political & economic chaos in Italy Benito Mussolini & Fascists in Italy gain popularity by starting riots to destabilize govt. while posing as champions of law & order. Popular with middle class who fear Communism will eliminate private property & free enterprise Govt. panics & makes Mussolini prime minister (1922) Rise of Fascism which: Italy’s ind’s, esp. shipping & aircraft Italy’s military strength Public works (e.g., Hydro-elect.dams) Few resources in Italy Controls most aspects of society Mussolini intimidates parliament to give him emergency powers He ends civil liberties World War I (FC.127) Italy & Germany mad about Treaty of Versailles (FC.128) Russian Rev.  Growing fear of Communism (FC.130) Depression (FC.132) Despite his failures, Mussolini inspires Hitler to seize power (FC. 134)

VIDEO ART QUIZ!

Pablo Picasso (1881-1973), Moulin de la Galette, 1900

Salvador Dali (1904-89), Burning Giraffe, 1936

Salvador Dali (1904-89), Sshirley Temple, 1939

Salvador Dali (1904-89), Portrait of Picasso, 1947

Rene Magritte (1898-1967), Manet’s Balconey: Perspective II, 1950

HITLER

HITLER Factors that led to rise of Nazis?

HITLER Factors that led to rise of Nazis? Tr. Of Versailles-> Heavy reparations-> econ. Instability-> Political instability-> Bitterness & betrayal myth-> Blamed Jews

HITLER Factors that led to rise of Nazis? Tr. Of Versailles-> Heavy reparations-> econ. Instability-> Political instability-> Bitterness & betrayal myth-> Blamed Jews ECT: Name of the German govt. after WWI?

HITLER Factors that led to rise of Nazis? Tr. Of Versailles-> Heavy reparations-> econ. Instability-> Political instability-> Bitterness & betrayal myth-> Blamed Jews ECT: Name of the German govt. after WWI? Weimar Republic

HITLER Factors that led to rise of Nazis? Tr. Of Versailles-> Heavy reparations-> econ. Instability-> Political instability-> Bitterness & betrayal myth-> Blamed Jews ECT: Name of the German govt. after WWI? Weimar Republic 2) Nazi Beliefs?

HITLER Factors that led to rise of Nazis? Tr. Of Versailles-> Heavy reparations-> econ. Instability-> Political instability-> Bitterness & betrayal myth-> Blamed Jews ECT: Name of the German govt. after WWI? Weimar Republic 2) Nazi Beliefs? Master Aryan race, Hatred of Jews, Slavs & other inferior races; Avenge Tr. Of Versailles

HITLER Factors that led to rise of Nazis? Tr. Of Versailles-> Heavy reparations-> econ. Instability-> Political instability-> Bitterness & betrayal myth-> Blamed Jews ECT: Name of the German govt. after WWI? Weimar Republic 2) Nazi Beliefs? Master Aryan race, Hatred of Jews, Slavs & other inferior races; Avenge Tr. Of Versailles Two tactics Nazis used to gain support?

HITLER Factors that led to rise of Nazis? Tr. Of Versailles-> Heavy reparations-> econ. Instability-> Political instability-> Bitterness & betrayal myth-> Blamed Jews ECT: Name of the German govt. after WWI? Weimar Republic 2) Nazi Beliefs? Master Aryan race, Hatred of Jews, Slavs & other inferior races; Avenge Tr. Of Versailles Two tactics Nazis used to gain support? 1)Started riots vs Comm’s & then blame Comm’s & embarrass Govt; 2) Give free food & festivals to look nice to Ger’s

HITLER Factors that led to rise of Nazis? Tr. Of Versailles-> Heavy reparations-> econ. Instability-> Political instability-> Bitterness & betrayal myth-> Blamed Jews ECT: Name of the German govt. after WWI? Weimar Republic 2) Nazi Beliefs? Master Aryan race, Hatred of Jews, Slavs & other inferior races; Avenge Tr. Of Versailles Two tactics Nazis used to gain support? 1)Started riots vs Comm’s & then blame Comm’s & embarrass Govt; 2) Give free food & festivals to look nice to Ger’s Who helped make Hitler Chancellor & why?

HITLER Factors that led to rise of Nazis? Tr. Of Versailles-> Heavy reparations-> econ. Instability-> Political instability-> Bitterness & betrayal myth-> Blamed Jews ECT: Name of the German govt. after WWI? Weimar Republic 2) Nazi Beliefs? Master Aryan race, Hatred of Jews, Slavs & other inferior races; Avenge Tr. Of Versailles Two tactics Nazis used to gain support? 1)Started riots vs Comm’s & then blame Comm’s & embarrass Govt; 2) Give free food & festivals to look nice to Ger’s Who helped make Hitler Chancellor & why? Ger. industrialists who feared rising power of Communists;

HITLER Factors that led to rise of Nazis? Tr. Of Versailles-> Heavy reparations-> econ. Instability-> Political instability-> Bitterness & betrayal myth-> Blamed Jews ECT: Name of the German govt. after WWI? Weimar Republic 2) Nazi Beliefs? Master Aryan race, Hatred of Jews, Slavs & other inferior races; Avenge Tr. Of Versailles Two tactics Nazis used to gain support? 1)Started riots vs Comm’s & then blame Comm’s & embarrass Govt; 2) Give free food & festivals to look nice to Ger’s Who helped make Hitler Chancellor & why? Ger. industrialists who feared rising power of Communists; ECT: How did the Reichstag Building help the Nazis?

HITLER Factors that led to rise of Nazis? Tr. Of Versailles-> Heavy reparations-> econ. Instability-> Political instability-> Bitterness & betrayal myth-> Blamed Jews ECT: Name of the German govt. after WWI? Weimar Republic 2) Nazi Beliefs? Master Aryan race, Hatred of Jews, Slavs & other inferior races; Avenge Tr. Of Versailles Two tactics Nazis used to gain support? 1)Started riots vs Comm’s & then blame Comm’s & embarrass Govt; 2) Give free food & festivals to look nice to Ger’s Who helped make Hitler Chancellor & why? Ger. industrialists who feared rising power of Communists; ECT: How did the Reichstag Building help the Nazis? Nazis burned it & blamed Comm’s

HITLER Factors that led to rise of Nazis? Tr. Of Versailles-> Heavy reparations-> econ. Instability-> Political instability-> Bitterness & betrayal myth-> Blamed Jews ECT: Name of the German govt. after WWI? Weimar Republic 2) Nazi Beliefs? Master Aryan race, Hatred of Jews, Slavs & other inferior races; Avenge Tr. Of Versailles Two tactics Nazis used to gain support? 1)Started riots vs Comm’s & then blame Comm’s & embarrass Govt; 2) Give free food & festivals to look nice to Ger’s Who helped make Hitler Chancellor & why? Ger. industrialists who feared rising power of Communists; ECT: How did the Reichstag Building help the Nazis? Nazis burned it & blamed Comm’s ECT: Who was Ernst Rohm?

HITLER Factors that led to rise of Nazis? Tr. Of Versailles-> Heavy reparations-> econ. Instability-> Political instability-> Bitterness & betrayal myth-> Blamed Jews ECT: Name of the German govt. after WWI? Weimar Republic 2) Nazi Beliefs? Master Aryan race, Hatred of Jews, Slavs & other inferior races; Avenge Tr. Of Versailles Two tactics Nazis used to gain support? 1)Started riots vs Comm’s & then blame Comm’s & embarrass Govt; 2) Give free food & festivals to look nice to Ger’s Who helped make Hitler Chancellor & why? Ger. industrialists who feared rising power of Communists; ECT: How did the Reichstag Building help the Nazis? Nazis burned it & blamed Comm’s ECT: Who was Ernst Rohm? Head of Brownshirts whom Hitler had murdered

HITLER Factors that led to rise of Nazis? Tr. Of Versailles-> Heavy reparations-> econ. Instability-> Political instability-> Bitterness & betrayal myth-> Blamed Jews ECT: Name of the German govt. after WWI? Weimar Republic 2) Nazi Beliefs? Master Aryan race, Hatred of Jews, Slavs & other inferior races; Avenge Tr. Of Versailles Two tactics Nazis used to gain support? 1)Started riots vs Comm’s & then blame Comm’s & embarrass Govt; 2) Give free food & festivals to look nice to Ger’s Who helped make Hitler Chancellor & why? Ger. industrialists who feared rising power of Communists; ECT: How did the Reichstag Building help the Nazis? Nazis burned it & blamed Comm’s ECT: Who was Ernst Rohm? Head of Brownshirts whom Hitler had murdered ECT: Night of the Long Knives?

HITLER Factors that led to rise of Nazis? Tr. Of Versailles-> Heavy reparations-> econ. Instability-> Political instability-> Bitterness & betrayal myth-> Blamed Jews ECT: Name of the German govt. after WWI? Weimar Republic 2) Nazi Beliefs? Master Aryan race, Hatred of Jews, Slavs & other inferior races; Avenge Tr. Of Versailles Two tactics Nazis used to gain support? 1)Started riots vs Comm’s & then blame Comm’s & embarrass Govt; 2) Give free food & festivals to look nice to Ger’s Who helped make Hitler Chancellor & why? Ger. industrialists who feared rising power of Communists; ECT: How did the Reichstag Building help the Nazis? Nazis burned it & blamed Comm’s ECT: Who was Ernst Rohm? Head of Brownshirts whom Hitler had murdered ECT: Night of the Long Knives? Night when Hitler murdered Ernst Rohm & other rivals

HITLER Factors that led to rise of Nazis? Tr. Of Versailles-> Heavy reparations-> econ. Instability-> Political instability-> Bitterness & betrayal myth-> Blamed Jews ECT: Name of the German govt. after WWI? Weimar Republic 2) Nazi Beliefs? Master Aryan race, Hatred of Jews, Slavs & other inferior races; Avenge Tr. Of Versailles Two tactics Nazis used to gain support? 1)Started riots vs Comm’s & then blame Comm’s & embarrass Govt; 2) Give free food & festivals to look nice to Ger’s Who helped make Hitler Chancellor & why? Ger. industrialists who feared rising power of Communists; ECT: How did the Reichstag Building help the Nazis? Nazis burned it & blamed Comm’s ECT: Who was Ernst Rohm? Head of Brownshirts whom Hitler had murdered ECT: Night of the Long Knives? Night when Hitler murdered Ernst Rohm & other rivals ECT: What did 3 of Hitler’s 5 girlfriends try? How many succeeded?

HITLER Factors that led to rise of Nazis? Tr. Of Versailles-> Heavy reparations-> econ. Instability-> Political instability-> Bitterness & betrayal myth-> Blamed Jews ECT: Name of the German govt. after WWI? Weimar Republic 2) Nazi Beliefs? Master Aryan race, Hatred of Jews, Slavs & other inferior races; Avenge Tr. Of Versailles Two tactics Nazis used to gain support? 1)Started riots vs Comm’s & then blame Comm’s & embarrass Govt; 2) Give free food & festivals to look nice to Ger’s Who helped make Hitler Chancellor & why? Ger. industrialists who feared rising power of Communists; ECT: How did the Reichstag Building help the Nazis? Nazis burned it & blamed Comm’s ECT: Who was Ernst Rohm? Head of Brownshirts whom Hitler had murdered ECT: Night of the Long Knives? Night when Hitler murdered Ernst Rohm & other rivals ECT: What did 3 of Hitler’s 5 girlfriends try? How many succeeded? Suicide; 2

HITLER Factors that led to rise of Nazis? Tr. Of Versailles-> Heavy reparations-> econ. Instability-> Political instability-> Bitterness & betrayal myth-> Blamed Jews ECT: Name of the German govt. after WWI? Weimar Republic 2) Nazi Beliefs? Master Aryan race, Hatred of Jews, Slavs & other inferior races; Avenge Tr. Of Versailles Two tactics Nazis used to gain support? 1)Started riots vs Comm’s & then blame Comm’s & embarrass Govt; 2) Give free food & festivals to look nice to Ger’s Who helped make Hitler Chancellor & why? Ger. industrialists who feared rising power of Communists; ECT: How did the Reichstag Building help the Nazis? Nazis burned it & blamed Comm’s ECT: Who was Ernst Rohm? Head of Brownshirts whom Hitler had murdered ECT: Night of the Long Knives? Night when Hitler murdered Ernst Rohm & other rivals ECT: What did 3 of Hitler’s 5 girlfriends try? How many succeeded? Suicide; 2 ECT: Who or what were the Spartacists?

HITLER Factors that led to rise of Nazis? Tr. Of Versailles-> Heavy reparations-> econ. Instability-> Political instability-> Bitterness & betrayal myth-> Blamed Jews ECT: Name of the German govt. after WWI? Weimar Republic 2) Nazi Beliefs? Master Aryan race, Hatred of Jews, Slavs & other inferior races; Avenge Tr. Of Versailles Two tactics Nazis used to gain support? 1)Started riots vs Comm’s & then blame Comm’s & embarrass Govt; 2) Give free food & festivals to look nice to Ger’s Who helped make Hitler Chancellor & why? Ger. industrialists who feared rising power of Communists; ECT: How did the Reichstag Building help the Nazis? Nazis burned it & blamed Comm’s ECT: Who was Ernst Rohm? Head of Brownshirts whom Hitler had murdered ECT: Night of the Long Knives? Night when Hitler murdered Ernst Rohm & other rivals ECT: What did 3 of Hitler’s 5 girlfriends try? How many succeeded? Suicide; 2 ECT: Who or what were the Spartacists? Ger communists who tried to overthrow Weimar Rep-> Army stepped in & gained influence in govt.

HITLER Factors that led to rise of Nazis? Tr. Of Versailles-> Heavy reparations-> econ. Instability-> Political instability-> Bitterness & betrayal myth-> Blamed Jews ECT: Name of the German govt. after WWI? Weimar Republic 2) Nazi Beliefs? Master Aryan race, Hatred of Jews, Slavs & other inferior races; Avenge Tr. Of Versailles Two tactics Nazis used to gain support? 1)Started riots vs Comm’s & then blame Comm’s & embarrass Govt; 2) Give free food & festivals to look nice to Ger’s Who helped make Hitler Chancellor & why? Ger. industrialists who feared rising power of Communists; ECT: How did the Reichstag Building help the Nazis? Nazis burned it & blamed Comm’s ECT: Who was Ernst Rohm? Head of Brownshirts whom Hitler had murdered ECT: Night of the Long Knives? Night when Hitler murdered Ernst Rohm & other rivals ECT: What did 3 of Hitler’s 5 girlfriends try? How many succeeded? Suicide; 2 ECT: Who or what were the Spartacists? Ger communists who tried to overthrow Weimar Rep-> Army stepped in & gained influence in govt. ECT: Name of Hitler's book & its meaning?

HITLER Factors that led to rise of Nazis? Tr. Of Versailles-> Heavy reparations-> econ. Instability-> Political instability-> Bitterness & betrayal myth-> Blamed Jews ECT: Name of the German govt. after WWI? Weimar Republic 2) Nazi Beliefs? Master Aryan race, Hatred of Jews, Slavs & other inferior races; Avenge Tr. Of Versailles Two tactics Nazis used to gain support? 1)Started riots vs Comm’s & then blame Comm’s & embarrass Govt; 2) Give free food & festivals to look nice to Ger’s Who helped make Hitler Chancellor & why? Ger. industrialists who feared rising power of Communists; ECT: How did the Reichstag Building help the Nazis? Nazis burned it & blamed Comm’s ECT: Who was Ernst Rohm? Head of Brownshirts whom Hitler had murdered ECT: Night of the Long Knives? Night when Hitler murdered Ernst Rohm & other rivals ECT: What did 3 of Hitler’s 5 girlfriends try? How many succeeded? Suicide; 2 ECT: Who or what were the Spartacists? Ger communists who tried to overthrow Weimar Rep-> Army stepped in & gained influence in govt. ECT: Name of Hitler's book & its meaning? Mein Kampf, My Struggle

HITLER Factors that led to rise of Nazis? Tr. Of Versailles-> Heavy reparations-> econ. Instability-> Political instability-> Bitterness & betrayal myth-> Blamed Jews ECT: Name of the German govt. after WWI? Weimar Republic 2) Nazi Beliefs? Master Aryan race, Hatred of Jews, Slavs & other inferior races; Avenge Tr. Of Versailles Two tactics Nazis used to gain support? 1)Started riots vs Comm’s & then blame Comm’s & embarrass Govt; 2) Give free food & festivals to look nice to Ger’s Who helped make Hitler Chancellor & why? Ger. industrialists who feared rising power of Communists; ECT: How did the Reichstag Building help the Nazis? Nazis burned it & blamed Comm’s ECT: Who was Ernst Rohm? Head of Brownshirts whom Hitler had murdered ECT: Night of the Long Knives? Night when Hitler murdered Ernst Rohm & other rivals ECT: What did 3 of Hitler’s 5 girlfriends try? How many succeeded? Suicide; 2 ECT: Who or what were the Spartacists? Ger communists who tried to overthrow Weimar Rep-> Army stepped in & gained influence in govt. ECT: Name of Hitler's book & its meaning? Mein Kampf, My Struggle ECT: Significance of the ratio one trillion to 1?

HITLER Factors that led to rise of Nazis? Tr. Of Versailles-> Heavy reparations-> econ. Instability-> Political instability-> Bitterness & betrayal myth-> Blamed Jews ECT: Name of the German govt. after WWI? Weimar Republic 2) Nazi Beliefs? Master Aryan race, Hatred of Jews, Slavs & other inferior races; Avenge Tr. Of Versailles Two tactics Nazis used to gain support? 1)Started riots vs Comm’s & then blame Comm’s & embarrass Govt; 2) Give free food & festivals to look nice to Ger’s Who helped make Hitler Chancellor & why? Ger. industrialists who feared rising power of Communists; ECT: How did the Reichstag Building help the Nazis? Nazis burned it & blamed Comm’s ECT: Who was Ernst Rohm? Head of Brownshirts whom Hitler had murdered ECT: Night of the Long Knives? Night when Hitler murdered Ernst Rohm & other rivals ECT: What did 3 of Hitler’s 5 girlfriends try? How many succeeded? Suicide; 2 ECT: Who or what were the Spartacists? Ger communists who tried to overthrow Weimar Rep-> Army stepped in & gained influence in govt. ECT: Name of Hitler's book & its meaning? Mein Kampf, My Struggle ECT: Significance of the ratio one trillion to 1? Value of new Deutsch mark to old one

HITLER Factors that led to rise of Nazis? Tr. Of Versailles-> Heavy reparations-> econ. Instability-> Political instability-> Bitterness & betrayal myth-> Blamed Jews ECT: Name of the German govt. after WWI? Weimar Republic 2) Nazi Beliefs? Master Aryan race, Hatred of Jews, Slavs & other inferior races; Avenge Tr. Of Versailles Two tactics Nazis used to gain support? 1)Started riots vs Comm’s & then blame Comm’s & embarrass Govt; 2) Give free food & festivals to look nice to Ger’s Who helped make Hitler Chancellor & why? Ger. industrialists who feared rising power of Communists; ECT: How did the Reichstag Building help the Nazis? Nazis burned it & blamed Comm’s ECT: Who was Ernst Rohm? Head of Brownshirts whom Hitler had murdered ECT: Night of the Long Knives? Night when Hitler murdered Ernst Rohm & other rivals ECT: What did 3 of Hitler’s 5 girlfriends try? How many succeeded? Suicide; 2 ECT: Who or what were the Spartacists? Ger communists who tried to overthrow Weimar Rep-> Army stepped in & gained influence in govt. ECT: Name of Hitler's book & its meaning? Mein Kampf, My Struggle ECT: Significance of the ratio one trillion to 1? Value of new Deutsch mark to old one ECT: What was the Enabling Act?

HITLER Factors that led to rise of Nazis? Tr. Of Versailles-> Heavy reparations-> econ. Instability-> Political instability-> Bitterness & betrayal myth-> Blamed Jews ECT: Name of the German govt. after WWI? Weimar Republic 2) Nazi Beliefs? Master Aryan race, Hatred of Jews, Slavs & other inferior races; Avenge Tr. Of Versailles Two tactics Nazis used to gain support? 1)Started riots vs Comm’s & then blame Comm’s & embarrass Govt; 2) Give free food & festivals to look nice to Ger’s Who helped make Hitler Chancellor & why? Ger. industrialists who feared rising power of Communists; ECT: How did the Reichstag Building help the Nazis? Nazis burned it & blamed Comm’s ECT: Who was Ernst Rohm? Head of Brownshirts whom Hitler had murdered ECT: Night of the Long Knives? Night when Hitler murdered Ernst Rohm & other rivals ECT: What did 3 of Hitler’s 5 girlfriends try? How many succeeded? Suicide; 2 ECT: Who or what were the Spartacists? Ger communists who tried to overthrow Weimar Rep-> Army stepped in & gained influence in govt. ECT: Name of Hitler's book & its meaning? Mein Kampf, My Struggle ECT: Significance of the ratio one trillion to 1? Value of new Deutsch mark to old one ECT: What was the Enabling Act? Law giving Hitler emergency powers for 4 yrs-> Used it to dest. the democracy & est. dictatorship

HITLER Factors that led to rise of Nazis? Tr. Of Versailles-> Heavy reparations-> econ. Instability-> Political instability-> Bitterness & betrayal myth-> Blamed Jews ECT: Name of the German govt. after WWI? Weimar Republic 2) Nazi Beliefs? Master Aryan race, Hatred of Jews, Slavs & other inferior races; Avenge Tr. Of Versailles Two tactics Nazis used to gain support? 1)Started riots vs Comm’s & then blame Comm’s & embarrass Govt; 2) Give free food & festivals to look nice to Ger’s Who helped make Hitler Chancellor & why? Ger. industrialists who feared rising power of Communists; ECT: How did the Reichstag Building help the Nazis? Nazis burned it & blamed Comm’s ECT: Who was Ernst Rohm? Head of Brownshirts whom Hitler had murdered ECT: Night of the Long Knives? Night when Hitler murdered Ernst Rohm & other rivals ECT: What did 3 of Hitler’s 5 girlfriends try? How many succeeded? Suicide; 2 ECT: Who or what were the Spartacists? Ger communists who tried to overthrow Weimar Rep-> Army stepped in & gained influence in govt. ECT: Name of Hitler's book & its meaning? Mein Kampf, My Struggle ECT: Significance of the ratio one trillion to 1? Value of new Deutsch mark to old one ECT: What was the Enabling Act? Law giving Hitler emergency powers for 4 yrs-> Used it to dest. the democracy & est. dictatorship ECT: What song helped get the Enabling Act passed?

HITLER Factors that led to rise of Nazis? Tr. Of Versailles-> Heavy reparations-> econ. Instability-> Political instability-> Bitterness & betrayal myth-> Blamed Jews ECT: Name of the German govt. after WWI? Weimar Republic 2) Nazi Beliefs? Master Aryan race, Hatred of Jews, Slavs & other inferior races; Avenge Tr. Of Versailles Two tactics Nazis used to gain support? 1)Started riots vs Comm’s & then blame Comm’s & embarrass Govt; 2) Give free food & festivals to look nice to Ger’s Who helped make Hitler Chancellor & why? Ger. industrialists who feared rising power of Communists; ECT: How did the Reichstag Building help the Nazis? Nazis burned it & blamed Comm’s ECT: Who was Ernst Rohm? Head of Brownshirts whom Hitler had murdered ECT: Night of the Long Knives? Night when Hitler murdered Ernst Rohm & other rivals ECT: What did 3 of Hitler’s 5 girlfriends try? How many succeeded? Suicide; 2 ECT: Who or what were the Spartacists? Ger communists who tried to overthrow Weimar Rep-> Army stepped in & gained influence in govt. ECT: Name of Hitler's book & its meaning? Mein Kampf, My Struggle ECT: Significance of the ratio one trillion to 1? Value of new Deutsch mark to old one ECT: What was the Enabling Act? Law giving Hitler emergency powers for 4 yrs-> Used it to dest. the democracy & est. dictatorship ECT: What song helped get the Enabling Act passed? “Give us the bill or fire & murder?”

5) How did Hitler try to build up Ger. power & pride?

5) How did Hitler try to build up Ger. power & pride? Rearmed Ger.; Persecuted Jews as scapegoats for Ger’s problems; Crushed enemies 1 by 1 through violence & intimid.

5) How did Hitler try to build up Ger. power & pride? Rearmed Ger.; Persecuted Jews as scapegoats for Ger’s problems; Crushed enemies 1 by 1 through violence & intimid. ECT: What were the Nuremburg Laws?

5) How did Hitler try to build up Ger. power & pride? Rearmed Ger.; Persecuted Jews as scapegoats for Ger’s problems; Crushed enemies 1 by 1 through violence & intimid. ECT: What were the Nuremburg Laws? Laws passed in 1935 that persecuted Jews

5) How did Hitler try to build up Ger. power & pride? Rearmed Ger.; Persecuted Jews as scapegoats for Ger’s problems; Crushed enemies 1 by 1 through violence & intimid. ECT: What were the Nuremburg Laws? Laws passed in 1935 that persecuted Jews ECT: What was Krystallnacht?

5) How did Hitler try to build up Ger. power & pride? Rearmed Ger.; Persecuted Jews as scapegoats for Ger’s problems; Crushed enemies 1 by 1 through violence & intimid. ECT: What were the Nuremburg Laws? Laws passed in 1935 that persecuted Jews ECT: What was Krystallnacht? Night (11/8-9/1938) when Ger. mobs were encouraged to attack Jews & loot their businesses.

5) How did Hitler try to build up Ger. power & pride? Rearmed Ger.; Persecuted Jews as scapegoats for Ger’s problems; Crushed enemies 1 by 1 through violence & intimid. ECT: What were the Nuremburg Laws? Laws passed in 1935 that persecuted Jews ECT: What was Krystallnacht? Night (11/8-9/1938) when Ger. mobs were encouraged to attack Jews & loot their businesses. ECT: How good was the German army from 1919-33?

5) How did Hitler try to build up Ger. power & pride? Rearmed Ger.; Persecuted Jews as scapegoats for Ger’s problems; Crushed enemies 1 by 1 through violence & intimid. ECT: What were the Nuremburg Laws? Laws passed in 1935 that persecuted Jews ECT: What was Krystallnacht? Night (11/8-9/1938) when Ger. mobs were encouraged to attack Jews & loot their businesses. ECT: How good was the German army from 1919-33? Excellent b/c Ger soldiers were paid 6X of any other army-> Army had pick of recruits

FC.134 THE RISE OF HITLER AND THE NAZIS (1919-39) Avenging Tr. of Vers. Street fights vs. Comm’s to embarrass weak Ger. Govt Moderate but weak Weimar Republic  Can’t maintain law & order Hitler builds his power & Ger. Nat’l pride by: Using terror, govt. powers, & propaganda to crush his enemies 1 by 1 Rearming Germany to 7X its 1933 level Making Jews scapegoats for Ger’s problems Propaganda + free food & festivals to win popularity Nazis gain support during Depression using a combination of: Industrialists make Hitler chancellor (1933) to stop Comm’s Nazis burn the Reichstag & blame the Communists Emergency powers & legal basis for Hitler’s dictatorship Belief Jews betrayed Ger. Rise of Hitler & Nazis who believe in: Hatred of Jews, Slavs, & other “inferior” races Master Aryan race Strain on Ger. econ  aggression Growing fear of Ger. aggression Ger. bitter & unstable Harsh Treaty of Versailles (FC.128) Depression  Higher tariffs & tensions (FC.132) Ger. econ. collapses with U.S. stock Mkt. (FC.131) World War II (FC.135)

VIDEO ART QUIZ!

Pablo Picasso (1881-73), Les Desmoiselles d’Avignon, 1907

Salvador Dali (1904-89), The Persistence of Memory, 1931

Salvador Dali (1904-89), Basket of Bread, 1945

Pablo Picasso (1881-1973), Portrait of a Girl before a Mirror, 1932

Rene Magritte (1898-1967), Threatening Weather,

Rene Magritte (1898-1967), Empires of Light, 1954

Pablo Picasso (1881-1973), La Granade, 1911

Salvador Dali (1904-89), The Last Supper, 1955

Pablo Picasso (1881-1973), The Tragedy, 1903

THE ROAD TO WWII

THE ROAD TO WWII 1) How did the Depression affect events in E. Asia?

THE ROAD TO WWII 1) How did the Depression affect events in E. Asia? Depr-> tariffs vs. Japan-> Forced Japan to invade Manchuria for its food & resources-> Invaded China

THE ROAD TO WWII 1) How did the Depression affect events in E. Asia? Depr-> tariffs vs. Japan-> Forced Japan to invade Manchuria for its food & resources-> Invaded China 2) What mindset helped-> WWII?

THE ROAD TO WWII 1) How did the Depression affect events in E. Asia? Depr-> tariffs vs. Japan-> Forced Japan to invade Manchuria for its food & resources-> Invaded China 2) What mindset helped-> WWII? Fear of war in lib. dem’s-> Encouraged fascist aggression

THE ROAD TO WWII 1) How did the Depression affect events in E. Asia? Depr-> tariffs vs. Japan-> Forced Japan to invade Manchuria for its food & resources-> Invaded China 2) What mindset helped-> WWII? Fear of war in lib. dem’s-> Encouraged fascist aggression 3) How did Russ. Rev. help lead to WWII?

THE ROAD TO WWII 1) How did the Depression affect events in E. Asia? Depr-> tariffs vs. Japan-> Forced Japan to invade Manchuria for its food & resources-> Invaded China 2) What mindset helped-> WWII? Fear of war in lib. dem’s-> Encouraged fascist aggression 3) How did Russ. Rev. help lead to WWII? Hostility b/w SU & West-> Don’t coop vs. Ger.

THE ROAD TO WWII 1) How did the Depression affect events in E. Asia? Depr-> tariffs vs. Japan-> Forced Japan to invade Manchuria for its food & resources-> Invaded China 2) What mindset helped-> WWII? Fear of war in lib. dem’s-> Encouraged fascist aggression 3) How did Russ. Rev. help lead to WWII? Hostility b/w SU & West-> Don’t coop vs. Ger. 4) How did relations b/w France & Brit. Help-> to WWII?

THE ROAD TO WWII 1) How did the Depression affect events in E. Asia? Depr-> tariffs vs. Japan-> Forced Japan to invade Manchuria for its food & resources-> Invaded China 2) What mindset helped-> WWII? Fear of war in lib. dem’s-> Encouraged fascist aggression 3) How did Russ. Rev. help lead to WWII? Hostility b/w SU & West-> Don’t coop vs. Ger. 4) How did relations b/w France & Brit. Help-> to WWII? They failed to coop. W/each other vs. Ger-> Ger able to get away w/one act of aggression after another

THE ROAD TO WWII 1) How did the Depression affect events in E. Asia? Depr-> tariffs vs. Japan-> Forced Japan to invade Manchuria for its food & resources-> Invaded China 2) What mindset helped-> WWII? Fear of war in lib. dem’s-> Encouraged fascist aggression 3) How did Russ. Rev. help lead to WWII? Hostility b/w SU & West-> Don’t coop vs. Ger. 4) How did relations b/w France & Brit. Help-> to WWII? They failed to coop. W/each other vs. Ger-> Ger able to get away w/one act of aggression after another 5) Pattern of aggression-> WWII?

THE ROAD TO WWII 1) How did the Depression affect events in E. Asia? Depr-> tariffs vs. Japan-> Forced Japan to invade Manchuria for its food & resources-> Invaded China 2) What mindset helped-> WWII? Fear of war in lib. dem’s-> Encouraged fascist aggression 3) How did Russ. Rev. help lead to WWII? Hostility b/w SU & West-> Don’t coop vs. Ger. 4) How did relations b/w France & Brit. Help-> to WWII? They failed to coop. W/each other vs. Ger-> Ger able to get away w/one act of aggression after another 5) Pattern of aggression-> WWII? Fascist aggression<-> W. dem’s fail to act

THE ROAD TO WWII 1) How did the Depression affect events in E. Asia? Depr-> tariffs vs. Japan-> Forced Japan to invade Manchuria for its food & resources-> Invaded China 2) What mindset helped-> WWII? Fear of war in lib. dem’s-> Encouraged fascist aggression 3) How did Russ. Rev. help lead to WWII? Hostility b/w SU & West-> Don’t coop vs. Ger. 4) How did relations b/w France & Brit. Help-> to WWII? They failed to coop. W/each other vs. Ger-> Ger able to get away w/one act of aggression after another 5) Pattern of aggression-> WWII? Fascist aggression<-> W. dem’s fail to act 6) What did Italy do?

THE ROAD TO WWII 1) How did the Depression affect events in E. Asia? Depr-> tariffs vs. Japan-> Forced Japan to invade Manchuria for its food & resources-> Invaded China 2) What mindset helped-> WWII? Fear of war in lib. dem’s-> Encouraged fascist aggression 3) How did Russ. Rev. help lead to WWII? Hostility b/w SU & West-> Don’t coop vs. Ger. 4) How did relations b/w France & Brit. Help-> to WWII? They failed to coop. W/each other vs. Ger-> Ger able to get away w/one act of aggression after another 5) Pattern of aggression-> WWII? Fascist aggression<-> W. dem’s fail to act 6) What did Italy do? Invaded Ethiopia in 1935

THE ROAD TO WWII 1) How did the Depression affect events in E. Asia? Depr-> tariffs vs. Japan-> Forced Japan to invade Manchuria for its food & resources-> Invaded China 2) What mindset helped-> WWII? Fear of war in lib. dem’s-> Encouraged fascist aggression 3) How did Russ. Rev. help lead to WWII? Hostility b/w SU & West-> Don’t coop vs. Ger. 4) How did relations b/w France & Brit. Help-> to WWII? They failed to coop. W/each other vs. Ger-> Ger able to get away w/one act of aggression after another 5) Pattern of aggression-> WWII? Fascist aggression<-> W. dem’s fail to act 6) What did Italy do? Invaded Ethiopia in 1935 7) What happened in the Rhineland?

THE ROAD TO WWII 1) How did the Depression affect events in E. Asia? Depr-> tariffs vs. Japan-> Forced Japan to invade Manchuria for its food & resources-> Invaded China 2) What mindset helped-> WWII? Fear of war in lib. dem’s-> Encouraged fascist aggression 3) How did Russ. Rev. help lead to WWII? Hostility b/w SU & West-> Don’t coop vs. Ger. 4) How did relations b/w France & Brit. Help-> to WWII? They failed to coop. W/each other vs. Ger-> Ger able to get away w/one act of aggression after another 5) Pattern of aggression-> WWII? Fascist aggression<-> W. dem’s fail to act 6) What did Italy do? Invaded Ethiopia in 1935 7) What happened in the Rhineland? Hitler re-militarized it in defiance of Tr. Of Versailles

THE ROAD TO WWII 1) How did the Depression affect events in E. Asia? Depr-> tariffs vs. Japan-> Forced Japan to invade Manchuria for its food & resources-> Invaded China 2) What mindset helped-> WWII? Fear of war in lib. dem’s-> Encouraged fascist aggression 3) How did Russ. Rev. help lead to WWII? Hostility b/w SU & West-> Don’t coop vs. Ger. 4) How did relations b/w France & Brit. Help-> to WWII? They failed to coop. W/each other vs. Ger-> Ger able to get away w/one act of aggression after another 5) Pattern of aggression-> WWII? Fascist aggression<-> W. dem’s fail to act 6) What did Italy do? Invaded Ethiopia in 1935 7) What happened in the Rhineland? Hitler re-militarized it in defiance of Tr. Of Versailles 8) Excuse he used to justify each act of aggression?

THE ROAD TO WWII 1) How did the Depression affect events in E. Asia? Depr-> tariffs vs. Japan-> Forced Japan to invade Manchuria for its food & resources-> Invaded China 2) What mindset helped-> WWII? Fear of war in lib. dem’s-> Encouraged fascist aggression 3) How did Russ. Rev. help lead to WWII? Hostility b/w SU & West-> Don’t coop vs. Ger. 4) How did relations b/w France & Brit. Help-> to WWII? They failed to coop. W/each other vs. Ger-> Ger able to get away w/one act of aggression after another 5) Pattern of aggression-> WWII? Fascist aggression<-> W. dem’s fail to act 6) What did Italy do? Invaded Ethiopia in 1935 7) What happened in the Rhineland? Hitler re-militarized it in defiance of Tr. Of Versailles 8) Excuse he used to justify each act of aggression? National self-determination

THE ROAD TO WWII 1) How did the Depression affect events in E. Asia? Depr-> tariffs vs. Japan-> Forced Japan to invade Manchuria for its food & resources-> Invaded China 2) What mindset helped-> WWII? Fear of war in lib. dem’s-> Encouraged fascist aggression 3) How did Russ. Rev. help lead to WWII? Hostility b/w SU & West-> Don’t coop vs. Ger. 4) How did relations b/w France & Brit. Help-> to WWII? They failed to coop. W/each other vs. Ger-> Ger able to get away w/one act of aggression after another 5) Pattern of aggression-> WWII? Fascist aggression<-> W. dem’s fail to act 6) What did Italy do? Invaded Ethiopia in 1935 7) What happened in the Rhineland? Hitler re-militarized it in defiance of Tr. Of Versailles 8) Excuse he used to justify each act of aggression? National self-determination 9) What did fascist Ger & Italy do in Spain?

THE ROAD TO WWII 1) How did the Depression affect events in E. Asia? Depr-> tariffs vs. Japan-> Forced Japan to invade Manchuria for its food & resources-> Invaded China 2) What mindset helped-> WWII? Fear of war in lib. dem’s-> Encouraged fascist aggression 3) How did Russ. Rev. help lead to WWII? Hostility b/w SU & West-> Don’t coop vs. Ger. 4) How did relations b/w France & Brit. Help-> to WWII? They failed to coop. W/each other vs. Ger-> Ger able to get away w/one act of aggression after another 5) Pattern of aggression-> WWII? Fascist aggression<-> W. dem’s fail to act 6) What did Italy do? Invaded Ethiopia in 1935 7) What happened in the Rhineland? Hitler re-militarized it in defiance of Tr. Of Versailles 8) Excuse he used to justify each act of aggression? National self-determination 9) What did fascist Ger & Italy do in Spain? Intervened to help fascist Franco win civil war

THE ROAD TO WWII 1) How did the Depression affect events in E. Asia? Depr-> tariffs vs. Japan-> Forced Japan to invade Manchuria for its food & resources-> Invaded China 2) What mindset helped-> WWII? Fear of war in lib. dem’s-> Encouraged fascist aggression 3) How did Russ. Rev. help lead to WWII? Hostility b/w SU & West-> Don’t coop vs. Ger. 4) How did relations b/w France & Brit. Help-> to WWII? They failed to coop. W/each other vs. Ger-> Ger able to get away w/one act of aggression after another 5) Pattern of aggression-> WWII? Fascist aggression<-> W. dem’s fail to act 6) What did Italy do? Invaded Ethiopia in 1935 7) What happened in the Rhineland? Hitler re-militarized it in defiance of Tr. Of Versailles 8) Excuse he used to justify each act of aggression? National self-determination 9) What did fascist Ger & Italy do in Spain? Intervened to help fascist Franco win civil war 10) What was Sudetenland & what happened there?

THE ROAD TO WWII 1) How did the Depression affect events in E. Asia? Depr-> tariffs vs. Japan-> Forced Japan to invade Manchuria for its food & resources-> Invaded China 2) What mindset helped-> WWII? Fear of war in lib. dem’s-> Encouraged fascist aggression 3) How did Russ. Rev. help lead to WWII? Hostility b/w SU & West-> Don’t coop vs. Ger. 4) How did relations b/w France & Brit. Help-> to WWII? They failed to coop. W/each other vs. Ger-> Ger able to get away w/one act of aggression after another 5) Pattern of aggression-> WWII? Fascist aggression<-> W. dem’s fail to act 6) What did Italy do? Invaded Ethiopia in 1935 7) What happened in the Rhineland? Hitler re-militarized it in defiance of Tr. Of Versailles 8) Excuse he used to justify each act of aggression? National self-determination 9) What did fascist Ger & Italy do in Spain? Intervened to help fascist Franco win civil war 10) What was Sudetenland & what happened there? Part of Czech w/large Ger. pop.-> Hitler demanded it become part of Ger-> Fr & Br gave in-> Took rest of Czech (3/39)

THE ROAD TO WWII 1) How did the Depression affect events in E. Asia? Depr-> tariffs vs. Japan-> Forced Japan to invade Manchuria for its food & resources-> Invaded China 2) What mindset helped-> WWII? Fear of war in lib. dem’s-> Encouraged fascist aggression 3) How did Russ. Rev. help lead to WWII? Hostility b/w SU & West-> Don’t coop vs. Ger. 4) How did relations b/w France & Brit. Help-> to WWII? They failed to coop. W/each other vs. Ger-> Ger able to get away w/one act of aggression after another 5) Pattern of aggression-> WWII? Fascist aggression<-> W. dem’s fail to act 6) What did Italy do? Invaded Ethiopia in 1935 7) What happened in the Rhineland? Hitler re-militarized it in defiance of Tr. Of Versailles 8) Excuse he used to justify each act of aggression? National self-determination 9) What did fascist Ger & Italy do in Spain? Intervened to help fascist Franco win civil war 10) What was Sudetenland & what happened there? Part of Czech w/large Ger. pop.-> Hitler demanded it become part of Ger-> Fr & Br gave in-> Took rest of Czech (3/39) 11) Reaction of Fr & Br after Czech fell?

THE ROAD TO WWII 1) How did the Depression affect events in E. Asia? Depr-> tariffs vs. Japan-> Forced Japan to invade Manchuria for its food & resources-> Invaded China 2) What mindset helped-> WWII? Fear of war in lib. dem’s-> Encouraged fascist aggression 3) How did Russ. Rev. help lead to WWII? Hostility b/w SU & West-> Don’t coop vs. Ger. 4) How did relations b/w France & Brit. Help-> to WWII? They failed to coop. W/each other vs. Ger-> Ger able to get away w/one act of aggression after another 5) Pattern of aggression-> WWII? Fascist aggression<-> W. dem’s fail to act 6) What did Italy do? Invaded Ethiopia in 1935 7) What happened in the Rhineland? Hitler re-militarized it in defiance of Tr. Of Versailles 8) Excuse he used to justify each act of aggression? National self-determination 9) What did fascist Ger & Italy do in Spain? Intervened to help fascist Franco win civil war 10) What was Sudetenland & what happened there? Part of Czech w/large Ger. pop.-> Hitler demanded it become part of Ger-> Fr & Br gave in-> Took rest of Czech (3/39) 11) Reaction of Fr & Br after Czech fell? Determined to stop Hitler next time

THE ROAD TO WWII 1) How did the Depression affect events in E. Asia? Depr-> tariffs vs. Japan-> Forced Japan to invade Manchuria for its food & resources-> Invaded China 2) What mindset helped-> WWII? Fear of war in lib. dem’s-> Encouraged fascist aggression 3) How did Russ. Rev. help lead to WWII? Hostility b/w SU & West-> Don’t coop vs. Ger. 4) How did relations b/w France & Brit. Help-> to WWII? They failed to coop. W/each other vs. Ger-> Ger able to get away w/one act of aggression after another 5) Pattern of aggression-> WWII? Fascist aggression<-> W. dem’s fail to act 6) What did Italy do? Invaded Ethiopia in 1935 7) What happened in the Rhineland? Hitler re-militarized it in defiance of Tr. Of Versailles 8) Excuse he used to justify each act of aggression? National self-determination 9) What did fascist Ger & Italy do in Spain? Intervened to help fascist Franco win civil war 10) What was Sudetenland & what happened there? Part of Czech w/large Ger. pop.-> Hitler demanded it become part of Ger-> Fr & Br gave in-> Took rest of Czech (3/39) 11) Reaction of Fr & Br after Czech fell? Determined to stop Hitler next time 12) Reaction of Stalin?

THE ROAD TO WWII 1) How did the Depression affect events in E. Asia? Depr-> tariffs vs. Japan-> Forced Japan to invade Manchuria for its food & resources-> Invaded China 2) What mindset helped-> WWII? Fear of war in lib. dem’s-> Encouraged fascist aggression 3) How did Russ. Rev. help lead to WWII? Hostility b/w SU & West-> Don’t coop vs. Ger. 4) How did relations b/w France & Brit. Help-> to WWII? They failed to coop. W/each other vs. Ger-> Ger able to get away w/one act of aggression after another 5) Pattern of aggression-> WWII? Fascist aggression<-> W. dem’s fail to act 6) What did Italy do? Invaded Ethiopia in 1935 7) What happened in the Rhineland? Hitler re-militarized it in defiance of Tr. Of Versailles 8) Excuse he used to justify each act of aggression? National self-determination 9) What did fascist Ger & Italy do in Spain? Intervened to help fascist Franco win civil war 10) What was Sudetenland & what happened there? Part of Czech w/large Ger. pop.-> Hitler demanded it become part of Ger-> Fr & Br gave in-> Took rest of Czech (3/39) 11) Reaction of Fr & Br after Czech fell? Determined to stop Hitler next time 12) Reaction of Stalin? Made pact w/Hitler to partition Poland (8/23/39)

THE ROAD TO WWII 1) How did the Depression affect events in E. Asia? Depr-> tariffs vs. Japan-> Forced Japan to invade Manchuria for its food & resources-> Invaded China 2) What mindset helped-> WWII? Fear of war in lib. dem’s-> Encouraged fascist aggression 3) How did Russ. Rev. help lead to WWII? Hostility b/w SU & West-> Don’t coop vs. Ger. 4) How did relations b/w France & Brit. Help-> to WWII? They failed to coop. W/each other vs. Ger-> Ger able to get away w/one act of aggression after another 5) Pattern of aggression-> WWII? Fascist aggression<-> W. dem’s fail to act 6) What did Italy do? Invaded Ethiopia in 1935 7) What happened in the Rhineland? Hitler re-militarized it in defiance of Tr. Of Versailles 8) Excuse he used to justify each act of aggression? National self-determination 9) What did fascist Ger & Italy do in Spain? Intervened to help fascist Franco win civil war 10) What was Sudetenland & what happened there? Part of Czech w/large Ger. pop.-> Hitler demanded it become part of Ger-> Fr & Br gave in-> Took rest of Czech (3/39) 11) Reaction of Fr & Br after Czech fell? Determined to stop Hitler next time 12) Reaction of Stalin? Made pact w/Hitler to partition Poland (8/23/39) ECT: How did Spain follow a typical pattern of rev's.

THE ROAD TO WWII 1) How did the Depression affect events in E. Asia? Depr-> tariffs vs. Japan-> Forced Japan to invade Manchuria for its food & resources-> Invaded China 2) What mindset helped-> WWII? Fear of war in lib. dem’s-> Encouraged fascist aggression 3) How did Russ. Rev. help lead to WWII? Hostility b/w SU & West-> Don’t coop vs. Ger. 4) How did relations b/w France & Brit. Help-> to WWII? They failed to coop. W/each other vs. Ger-> Ger able to get away w/one act of aggression after another 5) Pattern of aggression-> WWII? Fascist aggression<-> W. dem’s fail to act 6) What did Italy do? Invaded Ethiopia in 1935 7) What happened in the Rhineland? Hitler re-militarized it in defiance of Tr. Of Versailles 8) Excuse he used to justify each act of aggression? National self-determination 9) What did fascist Ger & Italy do in Spain? Intervened to help fascist Franco win civil war 10) What was Sudetenland & what happened there? Part of Czech w/large Ger. pop.-> Hitler demanded it become part of Ger-> Fr & Br gave in-> Took rest of Czech (3/39) 11) Reaction of Fr & Br after Czech fell? Determined to stop Hitler next time 12) Reaction of Stalin? Made pact w/Hitler to partition Poland (8/23/39) ECT: How did Spain follow a typical pattern of rev's. Started w/weak moderate govt.-> Problems cont.-> Civil War (1936-39) won by Fascist Franco

THE ROAD TO WWII 1) How did the Depression affect events in E. Asia? Depr-> tariffs vs. Japan-> Forced Japan to invade Manchuria for its food & resources-> Invaded China 2) What mindset helped-> WWII? Fear of war in lib. dem’s-> Encouraged fascist aggression 3) How did Russ. Rev. help lead to WWII? Hostility b/w SU & West-> Don’t coop vs. Ger. 4) How did relations b/w France & Brit. Help-> to WWII? They failed to coop. W/each other vs. Ger-> Ger able to get away w/one act of aggression after another 5) Pattern of aggression-> WWII? Fascist aggression<-> W. dem’s fail to act 6) What did Italy do? Invaded Ethiopia in 1935 7) What happened in the Rhineland? Hitler re-militarized it in defiance of Tr. Of Versailles 8) Excuse he used to justify each act of aggression? National self-determination 9) What did fascist Ger & Italy do in Spain? Intervened to help fascist Franco win civil war 10) What was Sudetenland & what happened there? Part of Czech w/large Ger. pop.-> Hitler demanded it become part of Ger-> Fr & Br gave in-> Took rest of Czech (3/39) 11) Reaction of Fr & Br after Czech fell? Determined to stop Hitler next time 12) Reaction of Stalin? Made pact w/Hitler to partition Poland (8/23/39) ECT: How did Spain follow a typical pattern of rev's. Started w/weak moderate govt.-> Problems cont.-> Civil War (1936-39) won by Fascist Franco ECT: Alphonso XIII's hobby that helped trigger revolution in Spain?

THE ROAD TO WWII 1) How did the Depression affect events in E. Asia? Depr-> tariffs vs. Japan-> Forced Japan to invade Manchuria for its food & resources-> Invaded China 2) What mindset helped-> WWII? Fear of war in lib. dem’s-> Encouraged fascist aggression 3) How did Russ. Rev. help lead to WWII? Hostility b/w SU & West-> Don’t coop vs. Ger. 4) How did relations b/w France & Brit. Help-> to WWII? They failed to coop. W/each other vs. Ger-> Ger able to get away w/one act of aggression after another 5) Pattern of aggression-> WWII? Fascist aggression<-> W. dem’s fail to act 6) What did Italy do? Invaded Ethiopia in 1935 7) What happened in the Rhineland? Hitler re-militarized it in defiance of Tr. Of Versailles 8) Excuse he used to justify each act of aggression? National self-determination 9) What did fascist Ger & Italy do in Spain? Intervened to help fascist Franco win civil war 10) What was Sudetenland & what happened there? Part of Czech w/large Ger. pop.-> Hitler demanded it become part of Ger-> Fr & Br gave in-> Took rest of Czech (3/39) 11) Reaction of Fr & Br after Czech fell? Determined to stop Hitler next time 12) Reaction of Stalin? Made pact w/Hitler to partition Poland (8/23/39) ECT: How did Spain follow a typical pattern of rev's. Started w/weak moderate govt.-> Problems cont.-> Civil War (1936-39) won by Fascist Franco ECT: Alphonso XIII's hobby that helped trigger revolution in Spain? Closing Nat’l highway so he could race his sports car

ECT: Name of the 2 factions in the Spanish Civil War?

ECT: Name of the 2 factions in the Spanish Civil War? Republicans or Loyalists vs. Nationalists or fascists

ECT: Name of the 2 factions in the Spanish Civil War? Republicans or Loyalists vs. Nationalists or fascists ECT: Name of the winner in Spanish Civil War

ECT: Name of the 2 factions in the Spanish Civil War? Republicans or Loyalists vs. Nationalists or fascists ECT: Name of the winner in Spanish Civil War Francisco Franco

ECT: Name of the 2 factions in the Spanish Civil War? Republicans or Loyalists vs. Nationalists or fascists ECT: Name of the winner in Spanish Civil War Francisco Franco ECT: Who was Chiang Kai Chek?

ECT: Name of the 2 factions in the Spanish Civil War? Republicans or Loyalists vs. Nationalists or fascists ECT: Name of the winner in Spanish Civil War Francisco Franco ECT: Who was Chiang Kai Chek? Leader of Nationalist China after Sun Yat Sen died

ECT: Name of the 2 factions in the Spanish Civil War? Republicans or Loyalists vs. Nationalists or fascists ECT: Name of the winner in Spanish Civil War Francisco Franco ECT: Who was Chiang Kai Chek? Leader of Nationalist China after Sun Yat Sen died ECT: What was the Long March

ECT: Name of the 2 factions in the Spanish Civil War? Republicans or Loyalists vs. Nationalists or fascists ECT: Name of the winner in Spanish Civil War Francisco Franco ECT: Who was Chiang Kai Chek? Leader of Nationalist China after Sun Yat Sen died ECT: What was the Long March Year-long march by Chin. Communists to escape nationalist troops

ECT: Name of the 2 factions in the Spanish Civil War? Republicans or Loyalists vs. Nationalists or fascists ECT: Name of the winner in Spanish Civil War Francisco Franco ECT: Who was Chiang Kai Chek? Leader of Nationalist China after Sun Yat Sen died ECT: What was the Long March Year-long march by Chin. Communists to escape nationalist troops ECT: What was the "peace of paper”

ECT: Name of the 2 factions in the Spanish Civil War? Republicans or Loyalists vs. Nationalists or fascists ECT: Name of the winner in Spanish Civil War Francisco Franco ECT: Who was Chiang Kai Chek? Leader of Nationalist China after Sun Yat Sen died ECT: What was the Long March Year-long march by Chin. Communists to escape nationalist troops ECT: What was the "peace of paper”Worthless treaty Br. Pr. Min. Neville Chamberlain signed w/Hitler promising lasting peace b/w the two countries

ECT: Name of the 2 factions in the Spanish Civil War? Republicans or Loyalists vs. Nationalists or fascists ECT: Name of the winner in Spanish Civil War Francisco Franco ECT: Who was Chiang Kai Chek? Leader of Nationalist China after Sun Yat Sen died ECT: What was the Long March Year-long march by Chin. Communists to escape nationalist troops ECT: What was the "peace of paper”Worthless treaty Br. Pr. Min. Neville Chamberlain signed w/Hitler promising lasting peace b/w the two countries ECT: Why were some allied leaders reluctant to overthrow Hitler.

ECT: Name of the 2 factions in the Spanish Civil War? Republicans or Loyalists vs. Nationalists or fascists ECT: Name of the winner in Spanish Civil War Francisco Franco ECT: Who was Chiang Kai Chek? Leader of Nationalist China after Sun Yat Sen died ECT: What was the Long March Year-long march by Chin. Communists to escape nationalist troops ECT: What was the "peace of paper”Worthless treaty Br. Pr. Min. Neville Chamberlain signed w/Hitler promising lasting peace b/w the two countries ECT: Why were some allied leaders reluctant to overthrow Hitler. They feared there would be no one to stop Stalin from conquering Eur. if Hitler fell

ECT: Name of the 2 factions in the Spanish Civil War? Republicans or Loyalists vs. Nationalists or fascists ECT: Name of the winner in Spanish Civil War Francisco Franco ECT: Who was Chiang Kai Chek? Leader of Nationalist China after Sun Yat Sen died ECT: What was the Long March Year-long march by Chin. Communists to escape nationalist troops ECT: What was the "peace of paper”Worthless treaty Br. Pr. Min. Neville Chamberlain signed w/Hitler promising lasting peace b/w the two countries ECT: Why were some allied leaders reluctant to overthrow Hitler. They feared there would be no one to stop Stalin from conquering Eur. if Hitler fell ECT: Name of the puppet state set up in Manchuria?

ECT: Name of the 2 factions in the Spanish Civil War? Republicans or Loyalists vs. Nationalists or fascists ECT: Name of the winner in Spanish Civil War Francisco Franco ECT: Who was Chiang Kai Chek? Leader of Nationalist China after Sun Yat Sen died ECT: What was the Long March Year-long march by Chin. Communists to escape nationalist troops ECT: What was the "peace of paper”Worthless treaty Br. Pr. Min. Neville Chamberlain signed w/Hitler promising lasting peace b/w the two countries ECT: Why were some allied leaders reluctant to overthrow Hitler. They feared there would be no one to stop Stalin from conquering Eur. if Hitler fell ECT: Name of the puppet state set up in Manchuria? Manchukuo

ECT: Name of the 2 factions in the Spanish Civil War? Republicans or Loyalists vs. Nationalists or fascists ECT: Name of the winner in Spanish Civil War Francisco Franco ECT: Who was Chiang Kai Chek? Leader of Nationalist China after Sun Yat Sen died ECT: What was the Long March Year-long march by Chin. Communists to escape nationalist troops ECT: What was the "peace of paper”Worthless treaty Br. Pr. Min. Neville Chamberlain signed w/Hitler promising lasting peace b/w the two countries ECT: Why were some allied leaders reluctant to overthrow Hitler. They feared there would be no one to stop Stalin from conquering Eur. if Hitler fell ECT: Name of the puppet state set up in Manchuria? Manchukuo ECT: What did Freud say about the German Gestapo & why?

ECT: Name of the 2 factions in the Spanish Civil War? Republicans or Loyalists vs. Nationalists or fascists ECT: Name of the winner in Spanish Civil War Francisco Franco ECT: Who was Chiang Kai Chek? Leader of Nationalist China after Sun Yat Sen died ECT: What was the Long March Year-long march by Chin. Communists to escape nationalist troops ECT: What was the "peace of paper”Worthless treaty Br. Pr. Min. Neville Chamberlain signed w/Hitler promising lasting peace b/w the two countries ECT: Why were some allied leaders reluctant to overthrow Hitler. They feared there would be no one to stop Stalin from conquering Eur. if Hitler fell ECT: Name of the puppet state set up in Manchuria? Manchukuo ECT: What did Freud say about the German Gestapo & why? He heartily endorsed them

ECT: Name of the 2 factions in the Spanish Civil War? Republicans or Loyalists vs. Nationalists or fascists ECT: Name of the winner in Spanish Civil War Francisco Franco ECT: Who was Chiang Kai Chek? Leader of Nationalist China after Sun Yat Sen died ECT: What was the Long March Year-long march by Chin. Communists to escape nationalist troops ECT: What was the "peace of paper”Worthless treaty Br. Pr. Min. Neville Chamberlain signed w/Hitler promising lasting peace b/w the two countries ECT: Why were some allied leaders reluctant to overthrow Hitler. They feared there would be no one to stop Stalin from conquering Eur. if Hitler fell ECT: Name of the puppet state set up in Manchuria? Manchukuo ECT: What did Freud say about the German Gestapo & why? He heartily endorsed them ECT: What did Austrian professors have to do when the Nazis took over?

ECT: Name of the 2 factions in the Spanish Civil War? Republicans or Loyalists vs. Nationalists or fascists ECT: Name of the winner in Spanish Civil War Francisco Franco ECT: Who was Chiang Kai Chek? Leader of Nationalist China after Sun Yat Sen died ECT: What was the Long March Year-long march by Chin. Communists to escape nationalist troops ECT: What was the "peace of paper”Worthless treaty Br. Pr. Min. Neville Chamberlain signed w/Hitler promising lasting peace b/w the two countries ECT: Why were some allied leaders reluctant to overthrow Hitler. They feared there would be no one to stop Stalin from conquering Eur. if Hitler fell ECT: Name of the puppet state set up in Manchuria? Manchukuo ECT: What did Freud say about the German Gestapo & why? He heartily endorsed them ECT: What did Austrian professors have to do when the Nazis took over? Scrub the streets on their hands & knees

ECT: Name of the 2 factions in the Spanish Civil War? Republicans or Loyalists vs. Nationalists or fascists ECT: Name of the winner in Spanish Civil War Francisco Franco ECT: Who was Chiang Kai Chek? Leader of Nationalist China after Sun Yat Sen died ECT: What was the Long March Year-long march by Chin. Communists to escape nationalist troops ECT: What was the "peace of paper”Worthless treaty Br. Pr. Min. Neville Chamberlain signed w/Hitler promising lasting peace b/w the two countries ECT: Why were some allied leaders reluctant to overthrow Hitler. They feared there would be no one to stop Stalin from conquering Eur. if Hitler fell ECT: Name of the puppet state set up in Manchuria? Manchukuo ECT: What did Freud say about the German Gestapo & why? He heartily endorsed them ECT: What did Austrian professors have to do when the Nazis took over? Scrub the streets on their hands & knees ECT: Describe the Ethiopian mobilization order

ECT: Name of the 2 factions in the Spanish Civil War? Republicans or Loyalists vs. Nationalists or fascists ECT: Name of the winner in Spanish Civil War Francisco Franco ECT: Who was Chiang Kai Chek? Leader of Nationalist China after Sun Yat Sen died ECT: What was the Long March Year-long march by Chin. Communists to escape nationalist troops ECT: What was the "peace of paper”Worthless treaty Br. Pr. Min. Neville Chamberlain signed w/Hitler promising lasting peace b/w the two countries ECT: Why were some allied leaders reluctant to overthrow Hitler. They feared there would be no one to stop Stalin from conquering Eur. if Hitler fell ECT: Name of the puppet state set up in Manchuria? Manchukuo ECT: What did Freud say about the German Gestapo & why? He heartily endorsed them ECT: What did Austrian professors have to do when the Nazis took over? Scrub the streets on their hands & knees ECT: Describe the Ethiopian mobilization order Each man should bring a spear, 3 days rations & his wife to cook for him

ECT: Name of the 2 factions in the Spanish Civil War? Republicans or Loyalists vs. Nationalists or fascists ECT: Name of the winner in Spanish Civil War Francisco Franco ECT: Who was Chiang Kai Chek? Leader of Nationalist China after Sun Yat Sen died ECT: What was the Long March Year-long march by Chin. Communists to escape nationalist troops ECT: What was the "peace of paper”Worthless treaty Br. Pr. Min. Neville Chamberlain signed w/Hitler promising lasting peace b/w the two countries ECT: Why were some allied leaders reluctant to overthrow Hitler. They feared there would be no one to stop Stalin from conquering Eur. if Hitler fell ECT: Name of the puppet state set up in Manchuria? Manchukuo ECT: What did Freud say about the German Gestapo & why? He heartily endorsed them ECT: What did Austrian professors have to do when the Nazis took over? Scrub the streets on their hands & knees ECT: Describe the Ethiopian mobilization order Each man should bring a spear, 3 days rations & his wife to cook for him ECT: Importance of Danzig?

ECT: Name of the 2 factions in the Spanish Civil War? Republicans or Loyalists vs. Nationalists or fascists ECT: Name of the winner in Spanish Civil War Francisco Franco ECT: Who was Chiang Kai Chek? Leader of Nationalist China after Sun Yat Sen died ECT: What was the Long March Year-long march by Chin. Communists to escape nationalist troops ECT: What was the "peace of paper”Worthless treaty Br. Pr. Min. Neville Chamberlain signed w/Hitler promising lasting peace b/w the two countries ECT: Why were some allied leaders reluctant to overthrow Hitler. They feared there would be no one to stop Stalin from conquering Eur. if Hitler fell ECT: Name of the puppet state set up in Manchuria? Manchukuo ECT: What did Freud say about the German Gestapo & why? He heartily endorsed them ECT: What did Austrian professors have to do when the Nazis took over? Scrub the streets on their hands & knees ECT: Describe the Ethiopian mobilization order Each man should bring a spear, 3 days rations & his wife to cook for him ECT: Importance of Danzig? Free city in Polish Corridor that Hitler wanted back-> Invade Poland

ECT: Name of the 2 factions in the Spanish Civil War? Republicans or Loyalists vs. Nationalists or fascists ECT: Name of the winner in Spanish Civil War Francisco Franco ECT: Who was Chiang Kai Chek? Leader of Nationalist China after Sun Yat Sen died ECT: What was the Long March Year-long march by Chin. Communists to escape nationalist troops ECT: What was the "peace of paper”Worthless treaty Br. Pr. Min. Neville Chamberlain signed w/Hitler promising lasting peace b/w the two countries ECT: Why were some allied leaders reluctant to overthrow Hitler. They feared there would be no one to stop Stalin from conquering Eur. if Hitler fell ECT: Name of the puppet state set up in Manchuria? Manchukuo ECT: What did Freud say about the German Gestapo & why? He heartily endorsed them ECT: What did Austrian professors have to do when the Nazis took over? Scrub the streets on their hands & knees ECT: Describe the Ethiopian mobilization order Each man should bring a spear, 3 days rations & his wife to cook for him ECT: Importance of Danzig? Free city in Polish Corridor that Hitler wanted back-> Invade Poland ECT: What was the Kellogg-Briand Pact

ECT: Name of the 2 factions in the Spanish Civil War? Republicans or Loyalists vs. Nationalists or fascists ECT: Name of the winner in Spanish Civil War Francisco Franco ECT: Who was Chiang Kai Chek? Leader of Nationalist China after Sun Yat Sen died ECT: What was the Long March Year-long march by Chin. Communists to escape nationalist troops ECT: What was the "peace of paper”Worthless treaty Br. Pr. Min. Neville Chamberlain signed w/Hitler promising lasting peace b/w the two countries ECT: Why were some allied leaders reluctant to overthrow Hitler. They feared there would be no one to stop Stalin from conquering Eur. if Hitler fell ECT: Name of the puppet state set up in Manchuria? Manchukuo ECT: What did Freud say about the German Gestapo & why? He heartily endorsed them ECT: What did Austrian professors have to do when the Nazis took over? Scrub the streets on their hands & knees ECT: Describe the Ethiopian mobilization order Each man should bring a spear, 3 days rations & his wife to cook for him ECT: Importance of Danzig? Free city in Polish Corridor that Hitler wanted back-> Invade Poland ECT: What was the Kellogg-Briand Pact Treaty (1929) designed to outlaw war

FC.135 THE ROAD TO WORLD WAR II Japan takes Manchuria (1931)  Invades China (1937) W. powers do nothing Shows weakness & disunity of old alliance vs. Ger. Fr allies w/Ger’s neighbors, incl. Russia Fr & Br finally decide to stop future Ger aggression Br, fearing Rus. Power, lets Ger. Rebuild its navy Allies try to overthrow communists Rus. Hostile vs. Western powers Intense fear of war Stalin allies w/Hitler since Fr & Br won’t stop Hitler Shows weakness & disunity of old alliance vs. Ger. Encourages fascist aggression Italy invades Ethiopia (1935) Hitler occupies Rhineland (‘36) Ger. & It. intervene in Sp. Civ. War Hitler occupies Austria (1938 Hitler takes Sudetenland (‘38) Hitler takes rest of Czech (3/’39) Intense fear of war Western powers fail to react First World War (FC.127) Depression (FC.132) Rus. Rev. (FC.130) Ger. bitter It rearms (FC.134) Ger. invades Poland (9/1/39) Fr & Br decl. war on Ger WW II (FC.136)

WORLD WAR II IN EUROPE (1939-45)

WORLD WAR II IN EUROPE (1939-45) Similar factors affecting how both WWI & WWII were fought?

WORLD WAR II IN EUROPE (1939-45) Similar factors affecting how both WWI & WWII were fought? Population growth-> bigger armies & more tech-> more firepower

WORLD WAR II IN EUROPE (1939-45) Similar factors affecting how both WWI & WWII were fought? Population growth-> bigger armies & more tech-> more firepower 2) Name of this new type of war & how it worked?

WORLD WAR II IN EUROPE (1939-45) Similar factors affecting how both WWI & WWII were fought? Population growth-> bigger armies & more tech-> more firepower 2) Name of this new type of war & how it worked? Blitzkrieg, which massed tanks & planes to break through strategic points in enemy line & surround them.

WORLD WAR II IN EUROPE (1939-45) Similar factors affecting how both WWI & WWII were fought? Population growth-> bigger armies & more tech-> more firepower 2) Name of this new type of war & how it worked? Blitzkrieg, which massed tanks & planes to break through strategic points in enemy line & surround them. 3) Impact on continuous front?

WORLD WAR II IN EUROPE (1939-45) Similar factors affecting how both WWI & WWII were fought? Population growth-> bigger armies & more tech-> more firepower 2) Name of this new type of war & how it worked? Blitzkrieg, which massed tanks & planes to break through strategic points in enemy line & surround them. 3) Impact on continuous front? Just made it mobile-> More widespread destruction

WORLD WAR II IN EUROPE (1939-45) Similar factors affecting how both WWI & WWII were fought? Population growth-> bigger armies & more tech-> more firepower 2) Name of this new type of war & how it worked? Blitzkrieg, which massed tanks & planes to break through strategic points in enemy line & surround them. 3) Impact on continuous front? Just made it mobile-> More widespread destruction 4) Three things the allies did to adapt to it?

WORLD WAR II IN EUROPE (1939-45) Similar factors affecting how both WWI & WWII were fought? Population growth-> bigger armies & more tech-> more firepower 2) Name of this new type of war & how it worked? Blitzkrieg, which massed tanks & planes to break through strategic points in enemy line & surround them. 3) Impact on continuous front? Just made it mobile-> More widespread destruction 4) Three things the allies did to adapt to it? 1. Add motorized infantry & assault guns to slow blitzkrieg; 2. Put economies on full wartime footing; & 3. Developed long-range strategic bomber forces to use vs. enemy cities

FC.136 WORLD WAR II IN EUROPE (1939-45) Allies adapt economies to full war product. right away Devastation of Ger’’s cities & convergence of allied armies from E & W  Germany surrenders (5/8/1945) New developments in warfare: Blitzkrieg using concerted attacks by tanks & planes to break through enemy lines Designed for quick vict. to avoid prolonged war France & Brit. declare war, but do nothing vs Ger. while it is involved in E. Europe Hitler takes Norway, Denmark, & Fr. (1940) Continued population growth Tanks & planes fire-power & mobility Continuous front is mobile  Much more destruction Nazis become complacent while allies adapt to & modify some aspects of blitzkrieg: Add motorized infantry & assault guns to slow blitzkrieg Stalin takes E. Poland, Latvia, Estonia, Lithuania, & parts of Romania Ger. Blitzkrieg almost conquers SU in 1941 Br., w/US aid, hangs on vs Ger. Air raids & submarine raids on its shipping in N. Atlantic Russian winter allows Russians to bolster defenses vs new Ger. offensive in 1942 Russians stop Ger’s @ Leningrad & destroy a Ger. army @ Stalingrad US helps Br. drive Ger’s from N. Afr. & invade Italy to divert Ger’s fr. Russia Exper. of Italian camp. & Stalin’s pressure to open 2nd front US & Br. invade occupied France (1944) Russian perseverance, ind. prod. & allied aid via Arctic ocean help drive Ger’s back across E. Eur. (1943-5) US Br. launch air raids vs Ger cities while they prepare to invade Ger. occupied Europe Devastates Ger’s cities & diverts Ger. air power from E. Front  Russian air superiority on E. Front Extend use of air power to mass bombing of cities Hitler invades Poland (9/1/1939) World War II (FC.135) Ind. Rev Faster tech. growth (FC.117) Cold War b/w SU & US(FC. 138)

WORLD WAR II IN EUROPE: POLAND AND FRANCE

WORLD WAR II IN EUROPE: POLAND AND FRANCE 1) Who was Heinz Guderian?

WORLD WAR II IN EUROPE: POLAND AND FRANCE 1) Who was Heinz Guderian? German General who developed blitzkrieg techniques

WORLD WAR II IN EUROPE: POLAND AND FRANCE 1) Who was Heinz Guderian? German General who developed blitzkrieg techniques 2) Describe Guderian’s first demonstration of blitzkrieg for Hitler.

WORLD WAR II IN EUROPE: POLAND AND FRANCE 1) Who was Heinz Guderian? German General who developed blitzkrieg techniques 2) Describe Guderian’s first demonstration of blitzkrieg for Hitler. He had mock cardboard tanks put over cars or placards carried by men run around to show how it worked.

WORLD WAR II IN EUROPE: POLAND AND FRANCE 1) Who was Heinz Guderian? German General who developed blitzkrieg techniques 2) Describe Guderian’s first demonstration of blitzkrieg for Hitler. He had mock cardboard tanks put over cars or placards carried by men run around to show how it worked. 3) Name of the French line of fortifications in World War II?

WORLD WAR II IN EUROPE: POLAND AND FRANCE 1) Who was Heinz Guderian? German General who developed blitzkrieg techniques 2) Describe Guderian’s first demonstration of blitzkrieg for Hitler. He had mock cardboard tanks put over cars or placards carried by men run around to show how it worked. 3) Name of the French line of fortifications in World War II? Maginot Line

WORLD WAR II IN EUROPE: POLAND AND FRANCE 1) Who was Heinz Guderian? German General who developed blitzkrieg techniques 2) Describe Guderian’s first demonstration of blitzkrieg for Hitler. He had mock cardboard tanks put over cars or placards carried by men run around to show how it worked. 3) Name of the French line of fortifications in World War II? Maginot Line 4) What were Stuka’s and two things that made them scary?

WORLD WAR II IN EUROPE: POLAND AND FRANCE 1) Who was Heinz Guderian? German General who developed blitzkrieg techniques 2) Describe Guderian’s first demonstration of blitzkrieg for Hitler. He had mock cardboard tanks put over cars or placards carried by men run around to show how it worked. 3) Name of the French line of fortifications in World War II? Maginot Line 4) What were Stuka’s and two things that made them scary? Dive bombers that looked like they were coming straight at every enemy soldier. They also had scary sirens

WORLD WAR II IN EUROPE: POLAND AND FRANCE 1) Who was Heinz Guderian? German General who developed blitzkrieg techniques 2) Describe Guderian’s first demonstration of blitzkrieg for Hitler. He had mock cardboard tanks put over cars or placards carried by men run around to show how it worked. 3) Name of the French line of fortifications in World War II? Maginot Line 4) What were Stuka’s and two things that made them scary? Dive bombers that looked like they were coming straight at every enemy soldier. They also had scary sirens 5) How did the Schlieffen Plan fit into Hitler’s invasion of France?

WORLD WAR II IN EUROPE: POLAND AND FRANCE 1) Who was Heinz Guderian? German General who developed blitzkrieg techniques 2) Describe Guderian’s first demonstration of blitzkrieg for Hitler. He had mock cardboard tanks put over cars or placards carried by men run around to show how it worked. 3) Name of the French line of fortifications in World War II? Maginot Line 4) What were Stuka’s and two things that made them scary? Dive bombers that looked like they were coming straight at every enemy soldier. They also had scary sirens 5) How did the Schlieffen Plan fit into Hitler’s invasion of France? He used it as a decoy to lure Fr. & Br. armies north while his real attack came through the Ardennes in S. -> Cut allied forces in half

WORLD WAR II IN EUROPE: POLAND AND FRANCE 1) Who was Heinz Guderian? German General who developed blitzkrieg techniques 2) Describe Guderian’s first demonstration of blitzkrieg for Hitler. He had mock cardboard tanks put over cars or placards carried by men run around to show how it worked. 3) Name of the French line of fortifications in World War II? Maginot Line 4) What were Stuka’s and two things that made them scary? Dive bombers that looked like they were coming straight at every enemy soldier. They also had scary sirens 5) How did the Schlieffen Plan fit into Hitler’s invasion of France? He used it as a decoy to lure Fr. & Br. armies north while his real attack came through the Ardennes in S. -> Cut allied forces in half 6) Story of Guderian “consolidating” his position during the Battle of France? Ger.

WORLD WAR II IN EUROPE: POLAND AND FRANCE 1) Who was Heinz Guderian? German General who developed blitzkrieg techniques 2) Describe Guderian’s first demonstration of blitzkrieg for Hitler. He had mock cardboard tanks put over cars or placards carried by men run around to show how it worked. 3) Name of the French line of fortifications in World War II? Maginot Line 4) What were Stuka’s and two things that made them scary? Dive bombers that looked like they were coming straight at every enemy soldier. They also had scary sirens 5) How did the Schlieffen Plan fit into Hitler’s invasion of France? He used it as a decoy to lure Fr. & Br. armies north while his real attack came through the Ardennes in S. -> Cut allied forces in half 6) Story of Guderian “consolidating” his position during the Battle of France? Ger. HQ was scared he was overextending himself & told him to halt-> He got permission to consolidate his position-> Advanced all the way to the sea

WORLD WAR II IN EUROPE: POLAND AND FRANCE 1) Who was Heinz Guderian? German General who developed blitzkrieg techniques 2) Describe Guderian’s first demonstration of blitzkrieg for Hitler. He had mock cardboard tanks put over cars or placards carried by men run around to show how it worked. 3) Name of the French line of fortifications in World War II? Maginot Line 4) What were Stuka’s and two things that made them scary? Dive bombers that looked like they were coming straight at every enemy soldier. They also had scary sirens 5) How did the Schlieffen Plan fit into Hitler’s invasion of France? He used it as a decoy to lure Fr. & Br. armies north while his real attack came through the Ardennes in S. -> Cut allied forces in half 6) Story of Guderian “consolidating” his position during the Battle of France? Ger. HQ was scared he was overextending himself & told him to halt-> He got permission to consolidate his position-> Advanced all the way to the sea 7) Compare German communications with French communications.

WORLD WAR II IN EUROPE: POLAND AND FRANCE 1) Who was Heinz Guderian? German General who developed blitzkrieg techniques 2) Describe Guderian’s first demonstration of blitzkrieg for Hitler. He had mock cardboard tanks put over cars or placards carried by men run around to show how it worked. 3) Name of the French line of fortifications in World War II? Maginot Line 4) What were Stuka’s and two things that made them scary? Dive bombers that looked like they were coming straight at every enemy soldier. They also had scary sirens 5) How did the Schlieffen Plan fit into Hitler’s invasion of France? He used it as a decoy to lure Fr. & Br. armies north while his real attack came through the Ardennes in S. -> Cut allied forces in half 6) Story of Guderian “consolidating” his position during the Battle of France? Ger. HQ was scared he was overextending himself & told him to halt-> He got permission to consolidate his position-> Advanced all the way to the sea 7) Compare German communications with French communications. Germans used radios-> very fast; Fr. used motorcycle couriers-> slow & unreliable by 20th century standards

WORLD WAR II IN EUROPE: POLAND AND FRANCE 1) Who was Heinz Guderian? German General who developed blitzkrieg techniques 2) Describe Guderian’s first demonstration of blitzkrieg for Hitler. He had mock cardboard tanks put over cars or placards carried by men run around to show how it worked. 3) Name of the French line of fortifications in World War II? Maginot Line 4) What were Stuka’s and two things that made them scary? Dive bombers that looked like they were coming straight at every enemy soldier. They also had scary sirens 5) How did the Schlieffen Plan fit into Hitler’s invasion of France? He used it as a decoy to lure Fr. & Br. armies north while his real attack came through the Ardennes in S. -> Cut allied forces in half 6) Story of Guderian “consolidating” his position during the Battle of France? Ger. HQ was scared he was overextending himself & told him to halt-> He got permission to consolidate his position-> Advanced all the way to the sea 7) Compare German communications with French communications. Germans used radios-> very fast; Fr. used motorcycle couriers-> slow & unreliable by 20th century standards 8)Compare German tanks with French tanks

WORLD WAR II IN EUROPE: POLAND AND FRANCE 1) Who was Heinz Guderian? German General who developed blitzkrieg techniques 2) Describe Guderian’s first demonstration of blitzkrieg for Hitler. He had mock cardboard tanks put over cars or placards carried by men run around to show how it worked. 3) Name of the French line of fortifications in World War II? Maginot Line 4) What were Stuka’s and two things that made them scary? Dive bombers that looked like they were coming straight at every enemy soldier. They also had scary sirens 5) How did the Schlieffen Plan fit into Hitler’s invasion of France? He used it as a decoy to lure Fr. & Br. armies north while his real attack came through the Ardennes in S. -> Cut allied forces in half 6) Story of Guderian “consolidating” his position during the Battle of France? Ger. HQ was scared he was overextending himself & told him to halt-> He got permission to consolidate his position-> Advanced all the way to the sea 7) Compare German communications with French communications. Germans used radios-> very fast; Fr. used motorcycle couriers-> slow & unreliable by 20th century standards 8)Compare German tanks with French tanks French tanks didn’t have radios to coordinate their moves

WORLD WAR II IN EUROPE: POLAND AND FRANCE 1) Who was Heinz Guderian? German General who developed blitzkrieg techniques 2) Describe Guderian’s first demonstration of blitzkrieg for Hitler. He had mock cardboard tanks put over cars or placards carried by men run around to show how it worked. 3) Name of the French line of fortifications in World War II? Maginot Line 4) What were Stuka’s and two things that made them scary? Dive bombers that looked like they were coming straight at every enemy soldier. They also had scary sirens 5) How did the Schlieffen Plan fit into Hitler’s invasion of France? He used it as a decoy to lure Fr. & Br. armies north while his real attack came through the Ardennes in S. -> Cut allied forces in half 6) Story of Guderian “consolidating” his position during the Battle of France? Ger. HQ was scared he was overextending himself & told him to halt-> He got permission to consolidate his position-> Advanced all the way to the sea 7) Compare German communications with French communications. Germans used radios-> very fast; Fr. used motorcycle couriers-> slow & unreliable by 20th century standards 8)Compare German tanks with French tanks French tanks didn’t have radios to coordinate their moves 9) Name of the puppet govt. in S. France in World War I?

WORLD WAR II IN EUROPE: POLAND AND FRANCE 1) Who was Heinz Guderian? German General who developed blitzkrieg techniques 2) Describe Guderian’s first demonstration of blitzkrieg for Hitler. He had mock cardboard tanks put over cars or placards carried by men run around to show how it worked. 3) Name of the French line of fortifications in World War II? Maginot Line 4) What were Stuka’s and two things that made them scary? Dive bombers that looked like they were coming straight at every enemy soldier. They also had scary sirens 5) How did the Schlieffen Plan fit into Hitler’s invasion of France? He used it as a decoy to lure Fr. & Br. armies north while his real attack came through the Ardennes in S. -> Cut allied forces in half 6) Story of Guderian “consolidating” his position during the Battle of France? Ger. HQ was scared he was overextending himself & told him to halt-> He got permission to consolidate his position-> Advanced all the way to the sea 7) Compare German communications with French communications. Germans used radios-> very fast; Fr. used motorcycle couriers-> slow & unreliable by 20th century standards 8)Compare German tanks with French tanks French tanks didn’t have radios to coordinate their moves 9) Name of the puppet govt. in S. France in World War I? Vichy

WORLD WAR II IN EUROPE: POLAND AND FRANCE 1) Who was Heinz Guderian? German General who developed blitzkrieg techniques 2) Describe Guderian’s first demonstration of blitzkrieg for Hitler. He had mock cardboard tanks put over cars or placards carried by men run around to show how it worked. 3) Name of the French line of fortifications in World War II? Maginot Line 4) What were Stuka’s and two things that made them scary? Dive bombers that looked like they were coming straight at every enemy soldier. They also had scary sirens 5) How did the Schlieffen Plan fit into Hitler’s invasion of France? He used it as a decoy to lure Fr. & Br. armies north while his real attack came through the Ardennes in S. -> Cut allied forces in half 6) Story of Guderian “consolidating” his position during the Battle of France? Ger. HQ was scared he was overextending himself & told him to halt-> He got permission to consolidate his position-> Advanced all the way to the sea 7) Compare German communications with French communications. Germans used radios-> very fast; Fr. used motorcycle couriers-> slow & unreliable by 20th century standards 8)Compare German tanks with French tanks French tanks didn’t have radios to coordinate their moves 9) Name of the puppet govt. in S. France in World War I? Vichy 10) Surprise phone call German HQ got from Guderian?

WORLD WAR II IN EUROPE: POLAND AND FRANCE 1) Who was Heinz Guderian? German General who developed blitzkrieg techniques 2) Describe Guderian’s first demonstration of blitzkrieg for Hitler. He had mock cardboard tanks put over cars or placards carried by men run around to show how it worked. 3) Name of the French line of fortifications in World War II? Maginot Line 4) What were Stuka’s and two things that made them scary? Dive bombers that looked like they were coming straight at every enemy soldier. They also had scary sirens 5) How did the Schlieffen Plan fit into Hitler’s invasion of France? He used it as a decoy to lure Fr. & Br. armies north while his real attack came through the Ardennes in S. -> Cut allied forces in half 6) Story of Guderian “consolidating” his position during the Battle of France? Ger. HQ was scared he was overextending himself & told him to halt-> He got permission to consolidate his position-> Advanced all the way to the sea 7) Compare German communications with French communications. Germans used radios-> very fast; Fr. used motorcycle couriers-> slow & unreliable by 20th century standards 8)Compare German tanks with French tanks French tanks didn’t have radios to coordinate their moves 9) Name of the puppet govt. in S. France in World War I? Vichy 10) Surprise phone call German HQ got from Guderian? He had already advanced to Swiss border

THE BATTLE OF BRITAIN

THE BATTLE OF BRITAIN 1) How were British ships guided to Dunkirk?

THE BATTLE OF BRITAIN 1) How were British ships guided to Dunkirk? Smoke from its burning oil tanks

THE BATTLE OF BRITAIN 1) How were British ships guided to Dunkirk? Smoke from its burning oil tanks 2) Codename for the German plan to invade Britain?

THE BATTLE OF BRITAIN 1) How were British ships guided to Dunkirk? Smoke from its burning oil tanks 2) Codename for the German plan to invade Britain? Operation Sea Lion

THE BATTLE OF BRITAIN 1) How were British ships guided to Dunkirk? Smoke from its burning oil tanks 2) Codename for the German plan to invade Britain? Operation Sea Lion 3) Tech advantage British had in the Battle of Britain?

THE BATTLE OF BRITAIN 1) How were British ships guided to Dunkirk? Smoke from its burning oil tanks 2) Codename for the German plan to invade Britain? Operation Sea Lion 3) Tech advantage British had in the Battle of Britain? Radar

THE BATTLE OF BRITAIN 1) How were British ships guided to Dunkirk? Smoke from its burning oil tanks 2) Codename for the German plan to invade Britain? Operation Sea Lion 3) Tech advantage British had in the Battle of Britain? Radar 4) How did Britain’s mild climate hamper fire-fighting efforts during the Blitz?

THE BATTLE OF BRITAIN 1) How were British ships guided to Dunkirk? Smoke from its burning oil tanks 2) Codename for the German plan to invade Britain? Operation Sea Lion 3) Tech advantage British had in the Battle of Britain? Radar 4) How did Britain’s mild climate hamper fire-fighting efforts during the Blitz? Water mains were close to the surface-> more easily broken in air raids

THE BATTLE OF BRITAIN 1) How were British ships guided to Dunkirk? Smoke from its burning oil tanks 2) Codename for the German plan to invade Britain? Operation Sea Lion 3) Tech advantage British had in the Battle of Britain? Radar 4) How did Britain’s mild climate hamper fire-fighting efforts during the Blitz? Water mains were close to the surface-> more easily broken in air raids 5) Problem with British fire hoses?

THE BATTLE OF BRITAIN 1) How were British ships guided to Dunkirk? Smoke from its burning oil tanks 2) Codename for the German plan to invade Britain? Operation Sea Lion 3) Tech advantage British had in the Battle of Britain? Radar 4) How did Britain’s mild climate hamper fire-fighting efforts during the Blitz? Water mains were close to the surface-> more easily broken in air raids 5) Problem with British fire hoses? Made of canvas-> Caught fire

THE BATTLE OF BRITAIN 1) How were British ships guided to Dunkirk? Smoke from its burning oil tanks 2) Codename for the German plan to invade Britain? Operation Sea Lion 3) Tech advantage British had in the Battle of Britain? Radar 4) How did Britain’s mild climate hamper fire-fighting efforts during the Blitz? Water mains were close to the surface-> more easily broken in air raids 5) Problem with British fire hoses? Made of canvas-> Caught fire 6) Penalty for removing shrapnel & blocking a golfer’s path to the green?

THE BATTLE OF BRITAIN 1) How were British ships guided to Dunkirk? Smoke from its burning oil tanks 2) Codename for the German plan to invade Britain? Operation Sea Lion 3) Tech advantage British had in the Battle of Britain? Radar 4) How did Britain’s mild climate hamper fire-fighting efforts during the Blitz? Water mains were close to the surface-> more easily broken in air raids 5) Problem with British fire hoses? Made of canvas-> Caught fire 6) Penalty for removing shrapnel & blocking a golfer’s path to the green? None

THE WAR IN RUSSIA

THE WAR IN RUSSIA 1) German codename for invasion of Russia?

THE WAR IN RUSSIA 1) German codename for invasion of Russia? Barbarossa

THE WAR IN RUSSIA 1) German codename for invasion of Russia? Barbarossa 2) Significance of the numbers 20,000 and 10,000?

THE WAR IN RUSSIA 1) German codename for invasion of Russia? Barbarossa 2) Significance of the numbers 20,000 and 10,000? Number of tanks Stalin had & number Guderian told Hitler because if he told him the real number Hitler would say he was lying to discourage invading Russia-> Hitler still thought he was exaggerating

THE WAR IN RUSSIA 1) German codename for invasion of Russia? Barbarossa 2) Significance of the numbers 20,000 and 10,000? Number of tanks Stalin had & number Guderian told Hitler because if he told him the real number Hitler would say he was lying to discourage invading Russia-> Hitler still thought he was exaggerating 3) Compare Stalin’s and Hitler’s management of World War II.

THE WAR IN RUSSIA 1) German codename for invasion of Russia? Barbarossa 2) Significance of the numbers 20,000 and 10,000? Number of tanks Stalin had & number Guderian told Hitler because if he told him the real number Hitler would say he was lying to discourage invading Russia-> Hitler still thought he was exaggerating 3) Compare Stalin’s and Hitler’s management of World War II. Stalin started out micro- managing the war with disastrous results & learned to let his generals fight. Hitler became more of a micro-manager as the war went on-> Disaster

THE WAR IN RUSSIA 1) German codename for invasion of Russia? Barbarossa 2) Significance of the numbers 20,000 and 10,000? Number of tanks Stalin had & number Guderian told Hitler because if he told him the real number Hitler would say he was lying to discourage invading Russia-> Hitler still thought he was exaggerating 3) Compare Stalin’s and Hitler’s management of World War II. Stalin started out micro- managing the war with disastrous results & learned to let his generals fight. Hitler became more of a micro-manager as the war went on-> Disaster 4) What took up to an hour to do during the siege of Leningrad?

THE WAR IN RUSSIA 1) German codename for invasion of Russia? Barbarossa 2) Significance of the numbers 20,000 and 10,000? Number of tanks Stalin had & number Guderian told Hitler because if he told him the real number Hitler would say he was lying to discourage invading Russia-> Hitler still thought he was exaggerating 3) Compare Stalin’s and Hitler’s management of World War II. Stalin started out micro- managing the war with disastrous results & learned to let his generals fight. Hitler became more of a micro-manager as the war went on-> Disaster 4) What took up to an hour to do during the siege of Leningrad? Walk 3 flights of steps

THE WAR IN RUSSIA 1) German codename for invasion of Russia? Barbarossa 2) Significance of the numbers 20,000 and 10,000? Number of tanks Stalin had & number Guderian told Hitler because if he told him the real number Hitler would say he was lying to discourage invading Russia-> Hitler still thought he was exaggerating 3) Compare Stalin’s and Hitler’s management of World War II. Stalin started out micro- managing the war with disastrous results & learned to let his generals fight. Hitler became more of a micro-manager as the war went on-> Disaster 4) What took up to an hour to do during the siege of Leningrad? Walk 3 flights of steps 5) How did the people of Leningrad get their sugar during the siege?

THE WAR IN RUSSIA 1) German codename for invasion of Russia? Barbarossa 2) Significance of the numbers 20,000 and 10,000? Number of tanks Stalin had & number Guderian told Hitler because if he told him the real number Hitler would say he was lying to discourage invading Russia-> Hitler still thought he was exaggerating 3) Compare Stalin’s and Hitler’s management of World War II. Stalin started out micro- managing the war with disastrous results & learned to let his generals fight. Hitler became more of a micro-manager as the war went on-> Disaster 4) What took up to an hour to do during the siege of Leningrad? Walk 3 flights of steps 5) How did the people of Leningrad get their sugar during the siege? Scraping it off the streets after it melted in a fire & ran out into the streets & froze on the pavement

THE WAR IN RUSSIA 1) German codename for invasion of Russia? Barbarossa 2) Significance of the numbers 20,000 and 10,000? Number of tanks Stalin had & number Guderian told Hitler because if he told him the real number Hitler would say he was lying to discourage invading Russia-> Hitler still thought he was exaggerating 3) Compare Stalin’s and Hitler’s management of World War II. Stalin started out micro- managing the war with disastrous results & learned to let his generals fight. Hitler became more of a micro-manager as the war went on-> Disaster 4) What took up to an hour to do during the siege of Leningrad? Walk 3 flights of steps 5) How did the people of Leningrad get their sugar during the siege? Scraping it off the streets after it melted in a fire & ran out into the streets & froze on the pavement 6) Popular radio show in Russia after World War II?

THE WAR IN RUSSIA 1) German codename for invasion of Russia? Barbarossa 2) Significance of the numbers 20,000 and 10,000? Number of tanks Stalin had & number Guderian told Hitler because if he told him the real number Hitler would say he was lying to discourage invading Russia-> Hitler still thought he was exaggerating 3) Compare Stalin’s and Hitler’s management of World War II. Stalin started out micro- managing the war with disastrous results & learned to let his generals fight. Hitler became more of a micro-manager as the war went on-> Disaster 4) What took up to an hour to do during the siege of Leningrad? Walk 3 flights of steps 5) How did the people of Leningrad get their sugar during the siege? Scraping it off the streets after it melted in a fire & ran out into the streets & froze on the pavement 6) Popular radio show in Russia after World War II? “I am Looking for Someone.”

THE WAR IN RUSSIA 1) German codename for invasion of Russia? Barbarossa 2) Significance of the numbers 20,000 and 10,000? Number of tanks Stalin had & number Guderian told Hitler because if he told him the real number Hitler would say he was lying to discourage invading Russia-> Hitler still thought he was exaggerating 3) Compare Stalin’s and Hitler’s management of World War II. Stalin started out micro- managing the war with disastrous results & learned to let his generals fight. Hitler became more of a micro-manager as the war went on-> Disaster 4) What took up to an hour to do during the siege of Leningrad? Walk 3 flights of steps 5) How did the people of Leningrad get their sugar during the siege? Scraping it off the streets after it melted in a fire & ran out into the streets & froze on the pavement 6) Popular radio show in Russia after World War II? “I am Looking for Someone.” 7) What information did people in Leningrad hide during the siege and why?

THE WAR IN RUSSIA 1) German codename for invasion of Russia? Barbarossa 2) Significance of the numbers 20,000 and 10,000? Number of tanks Stalin had & number Guderian told Hitler because if he told him the real number Hitler would say he was lying to discourage invading Russia-> Hitler still thought he was exaggerating 3) Compare Stalin’s and Hitler’s management of World War II. Stalin started out micro- managing the war with disastrous results & learned to let his generals fight. Hitler became more of a micro-manager as the war went on-> Disaster 4) What took up to an hour to do during the siege of Leningrad? Walk 3 flights of steps 5) How did the people of Leningrad get their sugar during the siege? Scraping it off the streets after it melted in a fire & ran out into the streets & froze on the pavement 6) Popular radio show in Russia after World War II? “I am Looking for Someone.” 7) What information did people in Leningrad hide during the siege and why? A relative’s death so they could still use his ration card

8) How bright were the fires from the German bombing of Stalingrad

8) How bright were the fires from the German bombing of Stalingrad You could read a newspaper by their light 30 miles away

8) How bright were the fires from the German bombing of Stalingrad You could read a newspaper by their light 30 miles away 9) Radio message broadcast by the Russians during the battle of Stalingrad?

8) How bright were the fires from the German bombing of Stalingrad You could read a newspaper by their light 30 miles away 9) Radio message broadcast by the Russians during the battle of Stalingrad? “Every 10 seconds a German soldier is killed fighting in Stalingrad. Stalingrad is the mass grave of the German Wermacht (army).”

8) How bright were the fires from the German bombing of Stalingrad You could read a newspaper by their light 30 miles away 9) Radio message broadcast by the Russians during the battle of Stalingrad? “Every 10 seconds a German soldier is killed fighting in Stalingrad. Stalingrad is the mass grave of the German Wermacht (army).” 10) How did the Russians defeat the Germans at Stalingrad?

8) How bright were the fires from the German bombing of Stalingrad You could read a newspaper by their light 30 miles away 9) Radio message broadcast by the Russians during the battle of Stalingrad? “Every 10 seconds a German soldier is killed fighting in Stalingrad. Stalingrad is the mass grave of the German Wermacht (army).” 10) How did the Russians defeat the Germans at Stalingrad? Broke through Germans’ flanks held by Italians and Rumanians and surrounded the German 6th Army.

8) How bright were the fires from the German bombing of Stalingrad You could read a newspaper by their light 30 miles away 9) Radio message broadcast by the Russians during the battle of Stalingrad? “Every 10 seconds a German soldier is killed fighting in Stalingrad. Stalingrad is the mass grave of the German Wermacht (army).” 10) How did the Russians defeat the Germans at Stalingrad? Broke through Germans’ flanks held by Italians and Rumanians and surrounded the German 6th Army. 11) What dubious distinction did the Battle of Kursk have?

8) How bright were the fires from the German bombing of Stalingrad You could read a newspaper by their light 30 miles away 9) Radio message broadcast by the Russians during the battle of Stalingrad? “Every 10 seconds a German soldier is killed fighting in Stalingrad. Stalingrad is the mass grave of the German Wermacht (army).” 10) How did the Russians defeat the Germans at Stalingrad? Broke through Germans’ flanks held by Italians and Rumanians and surrounded the German 6th Army. 11) What dubious distinction did the Battle of Kursk have? Largest battle in history

8) How bright were the fires from the German bombing of Stalingrad You could read a newspaper by their light 30 miles away 9) Radio message broadcast by the Russians during the battle of Stalingrad? “Every 10 seconds a German soldier is killed fighting in Stalingrad. Stalingrad is the mass grave of the German Wermacht (army).” 10) How did the Russians defeat the Germans at Stalingrad? Broke through Germans’ flanks held by Italians and Rumanians and surrounded the German 6th Army. 11) What dubious distinction did the Battle of Kursk have? Largest battle in history THE AIR WAR OVER EUROPE

8) How bright were the fires from the German bombing of Stalingrad You could read a newspaper by their light 30 miles away 9) Radio message broadcast by the Russians during the battle of Stalingrad? “Every 10 seconds a German soldier is killed fighting in Stalingrad. Stalingrad is the mass grave of the German Wermacht (army).” 10) How did the Russians defeat the Germans at Stalingrad? Broke through Germans’ flanks held by Italians and Rumanians and surrounded the German 6th Army. 11) What dubious distinction did the Battle of Kursk have? Largest battle in history THE AIR WAR OVER EUROPE 1) Significance of the numbers 25 & 14?

8) How bright were the fires from the German bombing of Stalingrad You could read a newspaper by their light 30 miles away 9) Radio message broadcast by the Russians during the battle of Stalingrad? “Every 10 seconds a German soldier is killed fighting in Stalingrad. Stalingrad is the mass grave of the German Wermacht (army).” 10) How did the Russians defeat the Germans at Stalingrad? Broke through Germans’ flanks held by Italians and Rumanians and surrounded the German 6th Army. 11) What dubious distinction did the Battle of Kursk have? Largest battle in history THE AIR WAR OVER EUROPE 1) Significance of the numbers 25 & 14? Number of flying missions bomber crews needed to go home & average life expectancy of those crews in flying missions

8) How bright were the fires from the German bombing of Stalingrad You could read a newspaper by their light 30 miles away 9) Radio message broadcast by the Russians during the battle of Stalingrad? “Every 10 seconds a German soldier is killed fighting in Stalingrad. Stalingrad is the mass grave of the German Wermacht (army).” 10) How did the Russians defeat the Germans at Stalingrad? Broke through Germans’ flanks held by Italians and Rumanians and surrounded the German 6th Army. 11) What dubious distinction did the Battle of Kursk have? Largest battle in history THE AIR WAR OVER EUROPE 1) Significance of the numbers 25 & 14? Number of flying missions bomber crews needed to go home & average life expectancy of those crews in flying missions 2) Significance of the number 92 million

8) How bright were the fires from the German bombing of Stalingrad You could read a newspaper by their light 30 miles away 9) Radio message broadcast by the Russians during the battle of Stalingrad? “Every 10 seconds a German soldier is killed fighting in Stalingrad. Stalingrad is the mass grave of the German Wermacht (army).” 10) How did the Russians defeat the Germans at Stalingrad? Broke through Germans’ flanks held by Italians and Rumanians and surrounded the German 6th Army. 11) What dubious distinction did the Battle of Kursk have? Largest battle in history THE AIR WAR OVER EUROPE 1) Significance of the numbers 25 & 14? Number of flying missions bomber crews needed to go home & average life expectancy of those crews in flying missions 2) Significance of the number 92 million Number of aluminum foil strips dropped by allied bombers to overload German radar.

8) How bright were the fires from the German bombing of Stalingrad You could read a newspaper by their light 30 miles away 9) Radio message broadcast by the Russians during the battle of Stalingrad? “Every 10 seconds a German soldier is killed fighting in Stalingrad. Stalingrad is the mass grave of the German Wermacht (army).” 10) How did the Russians defeat the Germans at Stalingrad? Broke through Germans’ flanks held by Italians and Rumanians and surrounded the German 6th Army. 11) What dubious distinction did the Battle of Kursk have? Largest battle in history THE AIR WAR OVER EUROPE 1) Significance of the numbers 25 & 14? Number of flying missions bomber crews needed to go home & average life expectancy of those crews in flying missions 2) Significance of the number 92 million Number of aluminum foil strips dropped by allied bombers to overload German radar. 3) Most damaging aerial weapons to Britain?

8) How bright were the fires from the German bombing of Stalingrad You could read a newspaper by their light 30 miles away 9) Radio message broadcast by the Russians during the battle of Stalingrad? “Every 10 seconds a German soldier is killed fighting in Stalingrad. Stalingrad is the mass grave of the German Wermacht (army).” 10) How did the Russians defeat the Germans at Stalingrad? Broke through Germans’ flanks held by Italians and Rumanians and surrounded the German 6th Army. 11) What dubious distinction did the Battle of Kursk have? Largest battle in history THE AIR WAR OVER EUROPE 1) Significance of the numbers 25 & 14? Number of flying missions bomber crews needed to go home & average life expectancy of those crews in flying missions 2) Significance of the number 92 million Number of aluminum foil strips dropped by allied bombers to overload German radar. 3) Most damaging aerial weapons to Britain? V1 & V2 rockets

8) How bright were the fires from the German bombing of Stalingrad You could read a newspaper by their light 30 miles away 9) Radio message broadcast by the Russians during the battle of Stalingrad? “Every 10 seconds a German soldier is killed fighting in Stalingrad. Stalingrad is the mass grave of the German Wermacht (army).” 10) How did the Russians defeat the Germans at Stalingrad? Broke through Germans’ flanks held by Italians and Rumanians and surrounded the German 6th Army. 11) What dubious distinction did the Battle of Kursk have? Largest battle in history THE AIR WAR OVER EUROPE 1) Significance of the numbers 25 & 14? Number of flying missions bomber crews needed to go home & average life expectancy of those crews in flying missions 2) Significance of the number 92 million Number of aluminum foil strips dropped by allied bombers to overload German radar. 3) Most damaging aerial weapons to Britain? V1 & V2 rockets 4) What rumor did many of the people of Dresden believe that made them feel secure?

8) How bright were the fires from the German bombing of Stalingrad You could read a newspaper by their light 30 miles away 9) Radio message broadcast by the Russians during the battle of Stalingrad? “Every 10 seconds a German soldier is killed fighting in Stalingrad. Stalingrad is the mass grave of the German Wermacht (army).” 10) How did the Russians defeat the Germans at Stalingrad? Broke through Germans’ flanks held by Italians and Rumanians and surrounded the German 6th Army. 11) What dubious distinction did the Battle of Kursk have? Largest battle in history THE AIR WAR OVER EUROPE 1) Significance of the numbers 25 & 14? Number of flying missions bomber crews needed to go home & average life expectancy of those crews in flying missions 2) Significance of the number 92 million Number of aluminum foil strips dropped by allied bombers to overload German radar. 3) Most damaging aerial weapons to Britain? V1 & V2 rockets 4) What rumor did many of the people of Dresden believe that made them feel secure? A secret deal between Hitler & Churchill where Germany wouldn’t bomb Oxford & Britain wouldn’t bomb Dresden

THE WAR OF PRODUCTION

THE WAR OF PRODUCTION 1) Russia’s primary lifeline?

THE WAR OF PRODUCTION 1) Russia’s primary lifeline? The Arctic Ocean

THE WAR OF PRODUCTION 1) Russia’s primary lifeline? The Arctic Ocean 2) Significance of the numbers 196 and 10.3 days?

THE WAR OF PRODUCTION 1) Russia’s primary lifeline? The Arctic Ocean 2) Significance of the numbers 196 and 10.3 days? Time cut from prod. of Liberty ship

THE WAR OF PRODUCTION 1) Russia’s primary lifeline? The Arctic Ocean 2) Significance of the numbers 196 and 10.3 days? Time cut from prod. of Liberty ship 3) Signif. of the numbers 5X and 2X?

THE WAR OF PRODUCTION 1) Russia’s primary lifeline? The Arctic Ocean 2) Significance of the numbers 196 and 10.3 days? Time cut from prod. of Liberty ship 3) Signif. of the numbers 5X and 2X? Productivity of Amer. Worker vs. Japanese & Ger’s

THE WAR OF PRODUCTION 1) Russia’s primary lifeline? The Arctic Ocean 2) Significance of the numbers 196 and 10.3 days? Time cut from prod. of Liberty ship 3) Signif. of the numbers 5X and 2X? Productivity of Amer. Worker vs. Japanese & Ger’s 4) How much of Britain’s total economy was devoted to World War II?

THE WAR OF PRODUCTION 1) Russia’s primary lifeline? The Arctic Ocean 2) Significance of the numbers 196 and 10.3 days? Time cut from prod. of Liberty ship 3) Signif. of the numbers 5X and 2X? Productivity of Amer. Worker vs. Japanese & Ger’s 4) How much of Britain’s total economy was devoted to World War II? 50%

THE WAR OF PRODUCTION 1) Russia’s primary lifeline? The Arctic Ocean 2) Significance of the numbers 196 and 10.3 days? Time cut from prod. of Liberty ship 3) Signif. of the numbers 5X and 2X? Productivity of Amer. Worker vs. Japanese & Ger’s 4) How much of Britain’s total economy was devoted to World War II? 50% D-DAY & THE LIBERATION OF FRANCE

THE WAR OF PRODUCTION 1) Russia’s primary lifeline? The Arctic Ocean 2) Significance of the numbers 196 and 10.3 days? Time cut from prod. of Liberty ship 3) Signif. of the numbers 5X and 2X? Productivity of Amer. Worker vs. Japanese & Ger’s 4) How much of Britain’s total economy was devoted to World War II? 50% D-DAY & THE LIBERATION OF FRANCE 1) Codename of D-Day?

THE WAR OF PRODUCTION 1) Russia’s primary lifeline? The Arctic Ocean 2) Significance of the numbers 196 and 10.3 days? Time cut from prod. of Liberty ship 3) Signif. of the numbers 5X and 2X? Productivity of Amer. Worker vs. Japanese & Ger’s 4) How much of Britain’s total economy was devoted to World War II? 50% D-DAY & THE LIBERATION OF FRANCE 1) Codename of D-Day? Operation Overlord

THE WAR OF PRODUCTION 1) Russia’s primary lifeline? The Arctic Ocean 2) Significance of the numbers 196 and 10.3 days? Time cut from prod. of Liberty ship 3) Signif. of the numbers 5X and 2X? Productivity of Amer. Worker vs. Japanese & Ger’s 4) How much of Britain’s total economy was devoted to World War II? 50% D-DAY & THE LIBERATION OF FRANCE 1) Codename of D-Day? Operation Overlord 2) What was FUSAG?

THE WAR OF PRODUCTION 1) Russia’s primary lifeline? The Arctic Ocean 2) Significance of the numbers 196 and 10.3 days? Time cut from prod. of Liberty ship 3) Signif. of the numbers 5X and 2X? Productivity of Amer. Worker vs. Japanese & Ger’s 4) How much of Britain’s total economy was devoted to World War II? 50% D-DAY & THE LIBERATION OF FRANCE 1) Codename of D-Day? Operation Overlord 2) What was FUSAG? First US Army Group: a fictional army group formed to make the Germans believe the allies would be landing at Calais.

THE WAR OF PRODUCTION 1) Russia’s primary lifeline? The Arctic Ocean 2) Significance of the numbers 196 and 10.3 days? Time cut from prod. of Liberty ship 3) Signif. of the numbers 5X and 2X? Productivity of Amer. Worker vs. Japanese & Ger’s 4) How much of Britain’s total economy was devoted to World War II? 50% D-DAY & THE LIBERATION OF FRANCE 1) Codename of D-Day? Operation Overlord 2) What was FUSAG? First US Army Group: a fictional army group formed to make the Germans believe the allies would be landing at Calais. 3) What were mulberries?

THE WAR OF PRODUCTION 1) Russia’s primary lifeline? The Arctic Ocean 2) Significance of the numbers 196 and 10.3 days? Time cut from prod. of Liberty ship 3) Signif. of the numbers 5X and 2X? Productivity of Amer. Worker vs. Japanese & Ger’s 4) How much of Britain’s total economy was devoted to World War II? 50% D-DAY & THE LIBERATION OF FRANCE 1) Codename of D-Day? Operation Overlord 2) What was FUSAG? First US Army Group: a fictional army group formed to make the Germans believe the allies would be landing at Calais. 3) What were mulberries? Portable harbors built for D-Day

THE WAR OF PRODUCTION 1) Russia’s primary lifeline? The Arctic Ocean 2) Significance of the numbers 196 and 10.3 days? Time cut from prod. of Liberty ship 3) Signif. of the numbers 5X and 2X? Productivity of Amer. Worker vs. Japanese & Ger’s 4) How much of Britain’s total economy was devoted to World War II? 50% D-DAY & THE LIBERATION OF FRANCE 1) Codename of D-Day? Operation Overlord 2) What was FUSAG? First US Army Group: a fictional army group formed to make the Germans believe the allies would be landing at Calais. 3) What were mulberries? Portable harbors built for D-Day 4) Argument between German generals Rommel and Rumsfeldt & how was it resolved?

THE WAR OF PRODUCTION 1) Russia’s primary lifeline? The Arctic Ocean 2) Significance of the numbers 196 and 10.3 days? Time cut from prod. of Liberty ship 3) Signif. of the numbers 5X and 2X? Productivity of Amer. Worker vs. Japanese & Ger’s 4) How much of Britain’s total economy was devoted to World War II? 50% D-DAY & THE LIBERATION OF FRANCE 1) Codename of D-Day? Operation Overlord 2) What was FUSAG? First US Army Group: a fictional army group formed to make the Germans believe the allies would be landing at Calais. 3) What were mulberries? Portable harbors built for D-Day 4) Argument between German generals Rommel and Rumsfeldt & how was it resolved? Rommel wanted forward positions for tanks in France, Rumsfeldt wanted them in reserve-> Hitler divided them.

THE WAR OF PRODUCTION 1) Russia’s primary lifeline? The Arctic Ocean 2) Significance of the numbers 196 and 10.3 days? Time cut from prod. of Liberty ship 3) Signif. of the numbers 5X and 2X? Productivity of Amer. Worker vs. Japanese & Ger’s 4) How much of Britain’s total economy was devoted to World War II? 50% D-DAY & THE LIBERATION OF FRANCE 1) Codename of D-Day? Operation Overlord 2) What was FUSAG? First US Army Group: a fictional army group formed to make the Germans believe the allies would be landing at Calais. 3) What were mulberries? Portable harbors built for D-Day 4) Argument between German generals Rommel and Rumsfeldt & how was it resolved? Rommel wanted forward positions for tanks in France, Rumsfeldt wanted them in reserve-> Hitler divided them. 5) Significance of the numbers 12,000 and 169?

THE WAR OF PRODUCTION 1) Russia’s primary lifeline? The Arctic Ocean 2) Significance of the numbers 196 and 10.3 days? Time cut from prod. of Liberty ship 3) Signif. of the numbers 5X and 2X? Productivity of Amer. Worker vs. Japanese & Ger’s 4) How much of Britain’s total economy was devoted to World War II? 50% D-DAY & THE LIBERATION OF FRANCE 1) Codename of D-Day? Operation Overlord 2) What was FUSAG? First US Army Group: a fictional army group formed to make the Germans believe the allies would be landing at Calais. 3) What were mulberries? Portable harbors built for D-Day 4) Argument between German generals Rommel and Rumsfeldt & how was it resolved? Rommel wanted forward positions for tanks in France, Rumsfeldt wanted them in reserve-> Hitler divided them. 5) Significance of the numbers 12,000 and 169? Allied planes vs. Ger. Planes on D-Day

THE WAR OF PRODUCTION 1) Russia’s primary lifeline? The Arctic Ocean 2) Significance of the numbers 196 and 10.3 days? Time cut from prod. of Liberty ship 3) Signif. of the numbers 5X and 2X? Productivity of Amer. Worker vs. Japanese & Ger’s 4) How much of Britain’s total economy was devoted to World War II? 50% D-DAY & THE LIBERATION OF FRANCE 1) Codename of D-Day? Operation Overlord 2) What was FUSAG? First US Army Group: a fictional army group formed to make the Germans believe the allies would be landing at Calais. 3) What were mulberries? Portable harbors built for D-Day 4) Argument between German generals Rommel and Rumsfeldt & how was it resolved? Rommel wanted forward positions for tanks in France, Rumsfeldt wanted them in reserve-> Hitler divided them. 5) Significance of the numbers 12,000 and 169? Allied planes vs. Ger. Planes on D-Day 6) Significance of the numbers 3 and 11days?

THE WAR OF PRODUCTION 1) Russia’s primary lifeline? The Arctic Ocean 2) Significance of the numbers 196 and 10.3 days? Time cut from prod. of Liberty ship 3) Signif. of the numbers 5X and 2X? Productivity of Amer. Worker vs. Japanese & Ger’s 4) How much of Britain’s total economy was devoted to World War II? 50% D-DAY & THE LIBERATION OF FRANCE 1) Codename of D-Day? Operation Overlord 2) What was FUSAG? First US Army Group: a fictional army group formed to make the Germans believe the allies would be landing at Calais. 3) What were mulberries? Portable harbors built for D-Day 4) Argument between German generals Rommel and Rumsfeldt & how was it resolved? Rommel wanted forward positions for tanks in France, Rumsfeldt wanted them in reserve-> Hitler divided them. 5) Significance of the numbers 12,000 and 169? Allied planes vs. Ger. Planes on D-Day 6) Significance of the numbers 3 and 11days? Normal time for tanks to cross Germany & time it took when allies controlled the air

THE WAR OF PRODUCTION 1) Russia’s primary lifeline? The Arctic Ocean 2) Significance of the numbers 196 and 10.3 days? Time cut from prod. of Liberty ship 3) Signif. of the numbers 5X and 2X? Productivity of Amer. Worker vs. Japanese & Ger’s 4) How much of Britain’s total economy was devoted to World War II? 50% D-DAY & THE LIBERATION OF FRANCE 1) Codename of D-Day? Operation Overlord 2) What was FUSAG? First US Army Group: a fictional army group formed to make the Germans believe the allies would be landing at Calais. 3) What were mulberries? Portable harbors built for D-Day 4) Argument between German generals Rommel and Rumsfeldt & how was it resolved? Rommel wanted forward positions for tanks in France, Rumsfeldt wanted them in reserve-> Hitler divided them. 5) Significance of the numbers 12,000 and 169? Allied planes vs. Ger. Planes on D-Day 6) Significance of the numbers 3 and 11days? Normal time for tanks to cross Germany & time it took when allies controlled the air 7) Why did the German general Kluge commit suicide?

THE WAR OF PRODUCTION 1) Russia’s primary lifeline? The Arctic Ocean 2) Significance of the numbers 196 and 10.3 days? Time cut from prod. of Liberty ship 3) Signif. of the numbers 5X and 2X? Productivity of Amer. Worker vs. Japanese & Ger’s 4) How much of Britain’s total economy was devoted to World War II? 50% D-DAY & THE LIBERATION OF FRANCE 1) Codename of D-Day? Operation Overlord 2) What was FUSAG? First US Army Group: a fictional army group formed to make the Germans believe the allies would be landing at Calais. 3) What were mulberries? Portable harbors built for D-Day 4) Argument between German generals Rommel and Rumsfeldt & how was it resolved? Rommel wanted forward positions for tanks in France, Rumsfeldt wanted them in reserve-> Hitler divided them. 5) Significance of the numbers 12,000 and 169? Allied planes vs. Ger. Planes on D-Day 6) Significance of the numbers 3 and 11days? Normal time for tanks to cross Germany & time it took when allies controlled the air 7) Why did the German general Kluge commit suicide? He was summoned to Berlin for not responding to call from Hitler (because his radio was out)-> Knew the Gestapo would kill him anyway.

THE WAR OF PRODUCTION 1) Russia’s primary lifeline? The Arctic Ocean 2) Significance of the numbers 196 and 10.3 days? Time cut from prod. of Liberty ship 3) Signif. of the numbers 5X and 2X? Productivity of Amer. Worker vs. Japanese & Ger’s 4) How much of Britain’s total economy was devoted to World War II? 50% D-DAY & THE LIBERATION OF FRANCE 1) Codename of D-Day? Operation Overlord 2) What was FUSAG? First US Army Group: a fictional army group formed to make the Germans believe the allies would be landing at Calais. 3) What were mulberries? Portable harbors built for D-Day 4) Argument between German generals Rommel and Rumsfeldt & how was it resolved? Rommel wanted forward positions for tanks in France, Rumsfeldt wanted them in reserve-> Hitler divided them. 5) Significance of the numbers 12,000 and 169? Allied planes vs. Ger. Planes on D-Day 6) Significance of the numbers 3 and 11days? Normal time for tanks to cross Germany & time it took when allies controlled the air 7) Why did the German general Kluge commit suicide? He was summoned to Berlin for not responding to call from Hitler (because his radio was out)-> Knew the Gestapo would kill him anyway. 8) What event especially sent Hitler over the deep end of paranoia?

THE WAR OF PRODUCTION 1) Russia’s primary lifeline? The Arctic Ocean 2) Significance of the numbers 196 and 10.3 days? Time cut from prod. of Liberty ship 3) Signif. of the numbers 5X and 2X? Productivity of Amer. Worker vs. Japanese & Ger’s 4) How much of Britain’s total economy was devoted to World War II? 50% D-DAY & THE LIBERATION OF FRANCE 1) Codename of D-Day? Operation Overlord 2) What was FUSAG? First US Army Group: a fictional army group formed to make the Germans believe the allies would be landing at Calais. 3) What were mulberries? Portable harbors built for D-Day 4) Argument between German generals Rommel and Rumsfeldt & how was it resolved? Rommel wanted forward positions for tanks in France, Rumsfeldt wanted them in reserve-> Hitler divided them. 5) Significance of the numbers 12,000 and 169? Allied planes vs. Ger. Planes on D-Day 6) Significance of the numbers 3 and 11days? Normal time for tanks to cross Germany & time it took when allies controlled the air 7) Why did the German general Kluge commit suicide? He was summoned to Berlin for not responding to call from Hitler (because his radio was out)-> Knew the Gestapo would kill him anyway. 8) What event especially sent Hitler over the deep end of paranoia? An attempted assassination in 1944

END OF THE 3RD REICH

END OF THE 3RD REICH 1) What was the significance of the word “nuts”?

END OF THE 3RD REICH 1) What was the significance of the word “nuts”? American general’s one word reply to German demand to surrender at the Battle of Bastogne

END OF THE 3RD REICH 1) What was the significance of the word “nuts”? American general’s one word reply to German demand to surrender at the Battle of Bastogne 2) How did Churchill celebrate the allied crossing of the Rhine?

END OF THE 3RD REICH 1) What was the significance of the word “nuts”? American general’s one word reply to German demand to surrender at the Battle of Bastogne 2) How did Churchill celebrate the allied crossing of the Rhine? By peeing into it

END OF THE 3RD REICH 1) What was the significance of the word “nuts”? American general’s one word reply to German demand to surrender at the Battle of Bastogne 2) How did Churchill celebrate the allied crossing of the Rhine? By peeing into it 3) What did German boys trade after allied air raids?

END OF THE 3RD REICH 1) What was the significance of the word “nuts”? American general’s one word reply to German demand to surrender at the Battle of Bastogne 2) How did Churchill celebrate the allied crossing of the Rhine? By peeing into it 3) What did German boys trade after allied air raids? Pieces of bomb shrapnel

END OF THE 3RD REICH 1) What was the significance of the word “nuts”? American general’s one word reply to German demand to surrender at the Battle of Bastogne 2) How did Churchill celebrate the allied crossing of the Rhine? By peeing into it 3) What did German boys trade after allied air raids? Pieces of bomb shrapnel 4) What did Russian soldiers use teddy bears for?

END OF THE 3RD REICH 1) What was the significance of the word “nuts”? American general’s one word reply to German demand to surrender at the Battle of Bastogne 2) How did Churchill celebrate the allied crossing of the Rhine? By peeing into it 3) What did German boys trade after allied air raids? Pieces of bomb shrapnel 4) What did Russian soldiers use teddy bears for? Gave them to children when they took a town to make them happy & took them away when they left to give to children in next town

END OF THE 3RD REICH 1) What was the significance of the word “nuts”? American general’s one word reply to German demand to surrender at the Battle of Bastogne 2) How did Churchill celebrate the allied crossing of the Rhine? By peeing into it 3) What did German boys trade after allied air raids? Pieces of bomb shrapnel 4) What did Russian soldiers use teddy bears for? Gave them to children when they took a town to make them happy & took them away when they left to give to children in next town 5) What were panzerfausts?

END OF THE 3RD REICH 1) What was the significance of the word “nuts”? American general’s one word reply to German demand to surrender at the Battle of Bastogne 2) How did Churchill celebrate the allied crossing of the Rhine? By peeing into it 3) What did German boys trade after allied air raids? Pieces of bomb shrapnel 4) What did Russian soldiers use teddy bears for? Gave them to children when they took a town to make them happy & took them away when they left to give to children in next town 5) What were panzerfausts? One shot anti-tank guns given to German boys defending Berlin against the Russian army in April, 1945

END OF THE 3RD REICH 1) What was the significance of the word “nuts”? American general’s one word reply to German demand to surrender at the Battle of Bastogne 2) How did Churchill celebrate the allied crossing of the Rhine? By peeing into it 3) What did German boys trade after allied air raids? Pieces of bomb shrapnel 4) What did Russian soldiers use teddy bears for? Gave them to children when they took a town to make them happy & took them away when they left to give to children in next town 5) What were panzerfausts? One shot anti-tank guns given to German boys defending Berlin against the Russian army in April, 1945 6) What was the fatal significance of May 1 for Russian soldiers in the Battle of Berlin?

END OF THE 3RD REICH 1) What was the significance of the word “nuts”? American general’s one word reply to German demand to surrender at the Battle of Bastogne 2) How did Churchill celebrate the allied crossing of the Rhine? By peeing into it 3) What did German boys trade after allied air raids? Pieces of bomb shrapnel 4) What did Russian soldiers use teddy bears for? Gave them to children when they took a town to make them happy & took them away when they left to give to children in next town 5) What were panzerfausts? One shot anti-tank guns given to German boys defending Berlin against the Russian army in April, 1945 6) What was the fatal significance of May 1 for Russian soldiers in the Battle of Berlin? International workers’ holiday & Stalin ‘s deadline for taking Berlin-> thousands of needless casualties

THE WAR IN THE PACIFIC

THE WAR IN THE PACIFIC 1)What was the Greater East Asia Co-prosperity Sphere?

THE WAR IN THE PACIFIC 1)What was the Greater East Asia Co-prosperity Sphere? Japan’s empire & proposed economic union with East Asia where it would get raw materials from Asian nations and sell its manufactured goods to the captive markets.

THE WAR IN THE PACIFIC 1)What was the Greater East Asia Co-prosperity Sphere? Japan’s empire & proposed economic union with East Asia where it would get raw materials from Asian nations and sell its manufactured goods to the captive markets. 2) What did radar show on the morning of 12/7/1941 and how was it interpreted?

THE WAR IN THE PACIFIC 1)What was the Greater East Asia Co-prosperity Sphere? Japan’s empire & proposed economic union with East Asia where it would get raw materials from Asian nations and sell its manufactured goods to the captive markets. 2) What did radar show on the morning of 12/7/1941 and how was it interpreted? It showed incoming Japanese planes, but was viewed as US planes scheduled to come in

THE WAR IN THE PACIFIC 1)What was the Greater East Asia Co-prosperity Sphere? Japan’s empire & proposed economic union with East Asia where it would get raw materials from Asian nations and sell its manufactured goods to the captive markets. 2) What did radar show on the morning of 12/7/1941 and how was it interpreted? It showed incoming Japanese planes, but was viewed as US planes scheduled to come in 3)What one bit of good luck did The US have during the bombing of Pearl Harbor?

THE WAR IN THE PACIFIC 1)What was the Greater East Asia Co-prosperity Sphere? Japan’s empire & proposed economic union with East Asia where it would get raw materials from Asian nations and sell its manufactured goods to the captive markets. 2) What did radar show on the morning of 12/7/1941 and how was it interpreted? It showed incoming Japanese planes, but was viewed as US planes scheduled to come in 3)What one bit of good luck did The US have during the bombing of Pearl Harbor? Its carrier fleet wasn’t there.

THE WAR IN THE PACIFIC 1)What was the Greater East Asia Co-prosperity Sphere? Japan’s empire & proposed economic union with East Asia where it would get raw materials from Asian nations and sell its manufactured goods to the captive markets. 2) What did radar show on the morning of 12/7/1941 and how was it interpreted? It showed incoming Japanese planes, but was viewed as US planes scheduled to come in 3)What one bit of good luck did The US have during the bombing of Pearl Harbor? Its carrier fleet wasn’t there. 4)What was the Doolittle raid and its significance?

THE WAR IN THE PACIFIC 1)What was the Greater East Asia Co-prosperity Sphere? Japan’s empire & proposed economic union with East Asia where it would get raw materials from Asian nations and sell its manufactured goods to the captive markets. 2) What did radar show on the morning of 12/7/1941 and how was it interpreted? It showed incoming Japanese planes, but was viewed as US planes scheduled to come in 3)What one bit of good luck did The US have during the bombing of Pearl Harbor? Its carrier fleet wasn’t there. 4)What was the Doolittle raid and its significance? A bombing raid on Tokyo in early 1942 that didn’t do much damage, but did raise American morale.

THE WAR IN THE PACIFIC 1)What was the Greater East Asia Co-prosperity Sphere? Japan’s empire & proposed economic union with East Asia where it would get raw materials from Asian nations and sell its manufactured goods to the captive markets. 2) What did radar show on the morning of 12/7/1941 and how was it interpreted? It showed incoming Japanese planes, but was viewed as US planes scheduled to come in 3)What one bit of good luck did The US have during the bombing of Pearl Harbor? Its carrier fleet wasn’t there. 4)What was the Doolittle raid and its significance? A bombing raid on Tokyo in early 1942 that didn’t do much damage, but did raise American morale. 5) What loophole in a naval arms treaty affected the Japanese navy?

THE WAR IN THE PACIFIC 1)What was the Greater East Asia Co-prosperity Sphere? Japan’s empire & proposed economic union with East Asia where it would get raw materials from Asian nations and sell its manufactured goods to the captive markets. 2) What did radar show on the morning of 12/7/1941 and how was it interpreted? It showed incoming Japanese planes, but was viewed as US planes scheduled to come in 3)What one bit of good luck did The US have during the bombing of Pearl Harbor? Its carrier fleet wasn’t there. 4)What was the Doolittle raid and its significance? A bombing raid on Tokyo in early 1942 that didn’t do much damage, but did raise American morale. 5) What loophole in a naval arms treaty affected the Japanese navy? It didn’t cover aircraft carriers

THE WAR IN THE PACIFIC 1)What was the Greater East Asia Co-prosperity Sphere? Japan’s empire & proposed economic union with East Asia where it would get raw materials from Asian nations and sell its manufactured goods to the captive markets. 2) What did radar show on the morning of 12/7/1941 and how was it interpreted? It showed incoming Japanese planes, but was viewed as US planes scheduled to come in 3)What one bit of good luck did The US have during the bombing of Pearl Harbor? Its carrier fleet wasn’t there. 4)What was the Doolittle raid and its significance? A bombing raid on Tokyo in early 1942 that didn’t do much damage, but did raise American morale. 5) What loophole in a naval arms treaty affected the Japanese navy? It didn’t cover aircraft carriers 6) The main difficulty facing Japan in defending its empire?

THE WAR IN THE PACIFIC 1)What was the Greater East Asia Co-prosperity Sphere? Japan’s empire & proposed economic union with East Asia where it would get raw materials from Asian nations and sell its manufactured goods to the captive markets. 2) What did radar show on the morning of 12/7/1941 and how was it interpreted? It showed incoming Japanese planes, but was viewed as US planes scheduled to come in 3)What one bit of good luck did The US have during the bombing of Pearl Harbor? Its carrier fleet wasn’t there. 4)What was the Doolittle raid and its significance? A bombing raid on Tokyo in early 1942 that didn’t do much damage, but did raise American morale. 5) What loophole in a naval arms treaty affected the Japanese navy? It didn’t cover aircraft carriers 6) The main difficulty facing Japan in defending its empire? Supplying all its islands

THE WAR IN THE PACIFIC 1)What was the Greater East Asia Co-prosperity Sphere? Japan’s empire & proposed economic union with East Asia where it would get raw materials from Asian nations and sell its manufactured goods to the captive markets. 2) What did radar show on the morning of 12/7/1941 and how was it interpreted? It showed incoming Japanese planes, but was viewed as US planes scheduled to come in 3)What one bit of good luck did The US have during the bombing of Pearl Harbor? Its carrier fleet wasn’t there. 4)What was the Doolittle raid and its significance? A bombing raid on Tokyo in early 1942 that didn’t do much damage, but did raise American morale. 5) What loophole in a naval arms treaty affected the Japanese navy? It didn’t cover aircraft carriers 6) The main difficulty facing Japan in defending its empire? Supplying all its islands 7) What decisive event took place between 10:40 and 10:45 AM on June 4, 1942?

THE WAR IN THE PACIFIC 1)What was the Greater East Asia Co-prosperity Sphere? Japan’s empire & proposed economic union with East Asia where it would get raw materials from Asian nations and sell its manufactured goods to the captive markets. 2) What did radar show on the morning of 12/7/1941 and how was it interpreted? It showed incoming Japanese planes, but was viewed as US planes scheduled to come in 3)What one bit of good luck did The US have during the bombing of Pearl Harbor? Its carrier fleet wasn’t there. 4)What was the Doolittle raid and its significance? A bombing raid on Tokyo in early 1942 that didn’t do much damage, but did raise American morale. 5) What loophole in a naval arms treaty affected the Japanese navy? It didn’t cover aircraft carriers 6) The main difficulty facing Japan in defending its empire? Supplying all its islands 7) What decisive event took place between 10:40 and 10:45 AM on June 4, 1942? An Amer squadron found the Jap. fleet open to attack & destroyed much of it

THE WAR IN THE PACIFIC 1)What was the Greater East Asia Co-prosperity Sphere? Japan’s empire & proposed economic union with East Asia where it would get raw materials from Asian nations and sell its manufactured goods to the captive markets. 2) What did radar show on the morning of 12/7/1941 and how was it interpreted? It showed incoming Japanese planes, but was viewed as US planes scheduled to come in 3)What one bit of good luck did The US have during the bombing of Pearl Harbor? Its carrier fleet wasn’t there. 4)What was the Doolittle raid and its significance? A bombing raid on Tokyo in early 1942 that didn’t do much damage, but did raise American morale. 5) What loophole in a naval arms treaty affected the Japanese navy? It didn’t cover aircraft carriers 6) The main difficulty facing Japan in defending its empire? Supplying all its islands 7) What decisive event took place between 10:40 and 10:45 AM on June 4, 1942? An Amer squadron found the Jap. fleet open to attack & destroyed much of it 8) Besides wanting to force Japan to surrender, why else did the US very likely drop the atomic bomb on Hiroshima?

THE WAR IN THE PACIFIC 1)What was the Greater East Asia Co-prosperity Sphere? Japan’s empire & proposed economic union with East Asia where it would get raw materials from Asian nations and sell its manufactured goods to the captive markets. 2) What did radar show on the morning of 12/7/1941 and how was it interpreted? It showed incoming Japanese planes, but was viewed as US planes scheduled to come in 3)What one bit of good luck did The US have during the bombing of Pearl Harbor? Its carrier fleet wasn’t there. 4)What was the Doolittle raid and its significance? A bombing raid on Tokyo in early 1942 that didn’t do much damage, but did raise American morale. 5) What loophole in a naval arms treaty affected the Japanese navy? It didn’t cover aircraft carriers 6) The main difficulty facing Japan in defending its empire? Supplying all its islands 7) What decisive event took place between 10:40 and 10:45 AM on June 4, 1942? An Amer squadron found the Jap. fleet open to attack & destroyed much of it 8) Besides wanting to force Japan to surrender, why else did the US very likely drop the atomic bomb on Hiroshima? To keep Stalin out of the war in Asia

THE WAR IN THE PACIFIC 1)What was the Greater East Asia Co-prosperity Sphere? Japan’s empire & proposed economic union with East Asia where it would get raw materials from Asian nations and sell its manufactured goods to the captive markets. 2) What did radar show on the morning of 12/7/1941 and how was it interpreted? It showed incoming Japanese planes, but was viewed as US planes scheduled to come in 3)What one bit of good luck did The US have during the bombing of Pearl Harbor? Its carrier fleet wasn’t there. 4)What was the Doolittle raid and its significance? A bombing raid on Tokyo in early 1942 that didn’t do much damage, but did raise American morale. 5) What loophole in a naval arms treaty affected the Japanese navy? It didn’t cover aircraft carriers 6) The main difficulty facing Japan in defending its empire? Supplying all its islands 7) What decisive event took place between 10:40 and 10:45 AM on June 4, 1942? An Amer squadron found the Jap. fleet open to attack & destroyed much of it 8) Besides wanting to force Japan to surrender, why else did the US very likely drop the atomic bomb on Hiroshima? To keep Stalin out of the war in Asia 9) How did the emperor Hirohito describe the course of the war in his surrender message?

THE WAR IN THE PACIFIC 1)What was the Greater East Asia Co-prosperity Sphere? Japan’s empire & proposed economic union with East Asia where it would get raw materials from Asian nations and sell its manufactured goods to the captive markets. 2) What did radar show on the morning of 12/7/1941 and how was it interpreted? It showed incoming Japanese planes, but was viewed as US planes scheduled to come in 3)What one bit of good luck did The US have during the bombing of Pearl Harbor? Its carrier fleet wasn’t there. 4)What was the Doolittle raid and its significance? A bombing raid on Tokyo in early 1942 that didn’t do much damage, but did raise American morale. 5) What loophole in a naval arms treaty affected the Japanese navy? It didn’t cover aircraft carriers 6) The main difficulty facing Japan in defending its empire? Supplying all its islands 7) What decisive event took place between 10:40 and 10:45 AM on June 4, 1942? An Amer squadron found the Jap. fleet open to attack & destroyed much of it 8) Besides wanting to force Japan to surrender, why else did the US very likely drop the atomic bomb on Hiroshima? To keep Stalin out of the war in Asia 9) How did the emperor Hirohito describe the course of the war in his surrender message? “The war has not necessarily gone to our advantage.”

THE WAR IN THE PACIFIC 1)What was the Greater East Asia Co-prosperity Sphere? Japan’s empire & proposed economic union with East Asia where it would get raw materials from Asian nations and sell its manufactured goods to the captive markets. 2) What did radar show on the morning of 12/7/1941 and how was it interpreted? It showed incoming Japanese planes, but was viewed as US planes scheduled to come in 3)What one bit of good luck did The US have during the bombing of Pearl Harbor? Its carrier fleet wasn’t there. 4)What was the Doolittle raid and its significance? A bombing raid on Tokyo in early 1942 that didn’t do much damage, but did raise American morale. 5) What loophole in a naval arms treaty affected the Japanese navy? It didn’t cover aircraft carriers 6) The main difficulty facing Japan in defending its empire? Supplying all its islands 7) What decisive event took place between 10:40 and 10:45 AM on June 4, 1942? An Amer squadron found the Jap. fleet open to attack & destroyed much of it 8) Besides wanting to force Japan to surrender, why else did the US very likely drop the atomic bomb on Hiroshima? To keep Stalin out of the war in Asia 9) How did the emperor Hirohito describe the course of the war in his surrender message? “The war has not necessarily gone to our advantage.” 10) What else was remarkable about that message?

THE WAR IN THE PACIFIC 1)What was the Greater East Asia Co-prosperity Sphere? Japan’s empire & proposed economic union with East Asia where it would get raw materials from Asian nations and sell its manufactured goods to the captive markets. 2) What did radar show on the morning of 12/7/1941 and how was it interpreted? It showed incoming Japanese planes, but was viewed as US planes scheduled to come in 3)What one bit of good luck did The US have during the bombing of Pearl Harbor? Its carrier fleet wasn’t there. 4)What was the Doolittle raid and its significance? A bombing raid on Tokyo in early 1942 that didn’t do much damage, but did raise American morale. 5) What loophole in a naval arms treaty affected the Japanese navy? It didn’t cover aircraft carriers 6) The main difficulty facing Japan in defending its empire? Supplying all its islands 7) What decisive event took place between 10:40 and 10:45 AM on June 4, 1942? An Amer squadron found the Jap. fleet open to attack & destroyed much of it 8) Besides wanting to force Japan to surrender, why else did the US very likely drop the atomic bomb on Hiroshima? To keep Stalin out of the war in Asia 9) How did the emperor Hirohito describe the course of the war in his surrender message? “The war has not necessarily gone to our advantage.” 10) What else was remarkable about that message? It was the first time the Japanese public had ever heard the emperor speak.

FC.131 POST WAR BOOM AND BUST (1920-29)