1 / 18

Congenital Heart Defects

Congenital Heart Defects. Incidence. Congenital heart disease affects 8 in 1,000 births Varies in severity Can be associated with genetic syndromes (Down, DiGeorge , velocardiofacial ). Ventricular Septal Defect. Hole between the two ventricles Left to right shunt( acyanotic )

roza
Télécharger la présentation

Congenital Heart Defects

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Congenital Heart Defects

  2. Incidence • Congenital heart disease affects 8 in 1,000 births • Varies in severity • Can be associated with genetic syndromes (Down, DiGeorge, velocardiofacial)

  3. Ventricular Septal Defect • Hole between the two ventricles • Left to right shunt(acyanotic) • Usually requires surgical repair-causes LVH

  4. VSD, continued • Most common heart lesion (30%) • Usually manifests in first weeks of birth • Most resolve spontaneously in 1st years of life • Findings: holosystolic murmur best heard at LLSB, may have palpable thrill

  5. Atrial Septal Defect • Hole between the atria • Usually asymptomatic • Starts as left to right shunt (acyanotic)

  6. ASD findings • Grade II-IV systolic ejection murmur at LUSB • Louder with a smaller defect (turbulence) • Fixed splitting of S2 • ECG/echo: RVH if uncorrected • If uncorrected: • RAH, pulmonary hypertension increases pressure on right side of heart • Shunts right to left(cyanotic)

  7. Patent DuctusArteriosus • Ductusarteriosus does not close • Oxygenated blood back to lungs • Common in preemies • May have no early symptoms

  8. PDA, continued • Grade II-IV holosystolic machinery murmur @ LUSB • ECG/echo: LVH or BiVH • If severe, CHF • Increased pulmonary vascular markings • Treatment: indomethacin or surgical closure

  9. Transposition of the Great Arteries Aorta comes out of right ventricle (cyanotic)

  10. TGA exam findings • Usually “blue baby” • If large VSD, may turn blue when crying/agitated and CHF symptoms • Murmurs vary depending on defect(s) • “Egg on a string”

  11. TGA treatment • Initially, medical management (prostaglandins)to keep intracardiac shunts open (if available) • Surgical correction definitive treatment

  12. Tetralogy of Fallot • Large VSD • Pulmonary stenosis • Overriding aorta • Positioned directly over VSD—unoxegenated blood to circulation • RVH

  13. Tetralogy of Fallot findings • Loud systolic ejection click @ M-LUSB • ECG: right axis deviation and RVH • X-ray: boot-shaped heart, no pulmonary vascular markings • Tet spells (cyanosis, crouching)

  14. Aortic Stenosis • Stenotic aortic valve • Findings • Grade II-IV systolic ejection click, does not vary with respirations • Thrill at RUSB • LVH if untreated • CHF if severe

  15. Pulmonic stenosis • Grade II-V systolic ejection click best heard at LUSB • Increases with expiration, decreases with inspiration • Thrill at LUSB radiating to back and sides

  16. Coarctation of the Aorta • II-IV systolic ejection murmur radiating to left interscapular • BP in lower extremities lower than upper • X-ray: rib notching

  17. Questions or comments? Thank you for viewing my presentation!

  18. References • Besides our Barkley book and wikipedia: • http://www.ojrd.com/content/3/1/27

More Related