Sample for last week ’ s homework

1. Sample for last week’s homework Why College Students Have Difficulty Finding Jobs

2. 开头: Nowadays, more and more college students have difficulty obtaining an ideal job after graduation. I think this phenomenon stems from the fact that they can’t develop themselves as the commands of the society. by Cai Xiaojun

3. 结尾: From the two reasons mentioned above, I draw a conclusion that college graduates should set a goal wisely and enrich themselves with more demanded skills to compete. The thousand-li journey starts from one foot. Don’t hurry among the crowds, and you will succeed in your own road. ---by Hang Mingming

4. Why College Students Have Difficulty Finding Jobs • A recent survey shows that about 30% college students can’t find a suitable job after their graduation from college. And the number seems to be increasing（用数据法开头，通过具体数据提出问题） • The causation of this phenomenon lies in three aspects（段落主题句， 分析其原因，并用三个方面加以限定）. First（原因之一）, our society can’t provide sufficient job vacancies for the graduates because of the economic depression and the reform of

5. labor force division. Second（原因之二）, the academic subjects fail to meet the needs of a certain job. What they have learned in college fails far behind the practical working requirements. Third（原因之三）, college students are too particular about their future job. Many graduates only want to have a job with high salary. They refuse to work in the area of harsh living and working conditions（具体说明）.

6. The above mentioned analyses tell us that the causes are various. But if college students don’t take personal interests into consideration too much and if they change their employment concept, they can still have chance to find a job（用条件句提出解决问题的建议）. • 观点明确；语句通顺；说理清楚；表达得当。但文章喜缺乏的高分的“闪光点”。

7. 图表作文 Week 6

8. 图表作文的特点： • 图表作文是考研英语写作、雅思英语作文、大学英语四、六级作文中较为常见的题型之一。 • 这类作文实际上只涉及5个方面：描述图表、指明寓意、分析原因、联系实际、给出建议 • 每次考试只是从这5个方面的内容中选出3个结合在一起。 • 从写作类型来看，基本上属于说明文、议论文。要求考生围绕题目将有关信息转化为文字形式，考生应该具有一定数据分析和材料归纳的能力，同时会运用一定的写作方法。

9. 这类考题一般以三段式写作方法来组织文章 • 第一段 描述图表的客观概况并阐述主题。 • 第二段 对图表中最有意思或最重要的信息进 行描述、归纳或分析说明其原因。 • 第三段 写出结论或评论，有时提出解决问题 的方法、或引发读者预测发展变化的 前景和趋势。

10. 步骤： • 列出各段主题句。考生可以根据所给提纲或已知信息列出每段的主题句，为全文的展开做好铺垫。 • 围绕主题句完成段落的展开。尽量做到主题明确、条理清楚、文字简练。 • 检查与修改。对图表作文的检查与修改应着重看文章中所列举的信息是否与图表所显示的信息一致，资料是否恰当。

11. 表格和图表题型写作要点1： • 仔细研究题目以及提示信息，认清图表中的数字、线条、阴影等部分的变化趋势和走向，抓住其主要特点，然后根据图表所显示的中心信息确定内容层次以及主题句。 • 考生应该仔细研究图表所给出的大量信息，从中选取最重要，最有代表性的信息，然后根据全文的主旨去组织运用所获取的关键信息。切忌简单地罗列图表所给出的信息。

12. 表格和图表题型写作要点2 • 图表作文一般采用的时态为一般现在时，但如果图表中给出了具体时间参照，考生则应对时态进行相应的调整。 • 图表作文有一些固定句型和表达法，考生应对此融会贯通。 • 图表作文可以细分为表格（table) ，曲线图(line graph) 、柱形图(bar graph) 和饼形图(pie chart) 。

13. (bar graph)柱形图 或条形图

14. (pie chart) 饼形图或圆形图

15. (line graph)曲线或坐标或线形图

16. 表格（table)

17. 四种图在写作方面的不同特点 • 饼形图表示各事物在总体中所占的比例及相互关系，旨在要求考生准确理解并阐述一个被分割成大小不等切片的饼形图所传达的信息。考生应清楚掌握部分与整体，部分与部分之间的相互关系，这种关系通常是以百分比的数字形式给出的。 • 饼图是所有图表题中最好写的一种，值得注意的是要处理好如何丰富百分比的表达和“占”的表达。不要一直用数字加百分比的格式，如25%。特定的数字可以采取多样性的表达，如25%=a quarter of, 50%=half of, >50% or the majority of。

18. 表格可以表示多种事物的相互关系，所以考生要对表格中所给出的大量数字进行比较分析，从中找出其变化规律。表格可以表示多种事物的相互关系，所以考生要对表格中所给出的大量数字进行比较分析，从中找出其变化规律。 • 表格题：考察例举数字的能力和方法。注意怎样通过举一些有代表性的数据来有效地说明问题。

19. 曲线图常表示事物的变化趋势，考生应认真观察坐标系所显示的数据信息，并且密切注意交汇在坐标横轴和纵轴上的数字及单位。曲线图常表示事物的变化趋势，考生应认真观察坐标系所显示的数据信息，并且密切注意交汇在坐标横轴和纵轴上的数字及单位。 • 曲线图：关键是把握好曲线的走向和趋势，学会general classification,即在第二段的开头部分对整个曲线进行一个阶段式的总分类，使写作层次清晰。接下来在分类描述每个阶段的specific trend,同时导入数据作为你分类的依据。注意不要不做任何说明就机械性的导入数据！可以使用一些比较native的单词和短语来描述trend。

20. 柱形图用来表示各种事物的变化情况及相互关系，要求考生通过宽度相等的柱形的高度或长度差别来判断事物的动态发展趋势，因此考生应密切关注坐标线上的刻度单位及图表旁边的提示说明与文字。柱形图用来表示各种事物的变化情况及相互关系，要求考生通过宽度相等的柱形的高度或长度差别来判断事物的动态发展趋势，因此考生应密切关注坐标线上的刻度单位及图表旁边的提示说明与文字。 • 柱形图：注意柱形图里的“因果关系”或每一流程的“承前启后”关系；表达每一流程的主体内容，阐明这种关系；揭示其内在联系或规律；最后，给予简要归纳和总结。

21. 下笔前应注意： • 看懂并详细理解图表的含义，这是写好图表作文的前提； • 选择出能充分说明图表主题的典型数据； • 最后，根据自己的分析结果和文章的题目写出各段的主题句（有时，图表作文会给出主题句）

22. 语言点： 1)变化状态幅度词(要依据描述的情况决定) • 轻微-----slightly, slowly(速度), steadily(平缓) • 逐渐----gradually • 显著-----significantly , markedly • 急剧----- rapidly , dramatically , abruptly ,sharply • 突然---suddenly • 趋势---trend inclination tendency

23. 2)变量幅度词语 • 描述---show, describe, illustrate, reveal , represent • 内容---figure, statistic, number, percentage, proportion • 上升-----increase, go up ,rise, ascend , surge， level up • 下降---- descend, level down , lessen, decline, drop • 减少----decrease, drop ,go down ,fall, • 平稳----stable, steady, remain/ maintain/keep, be the same as • 波动----fluctuate, fluctuation, rise and fall up and down • 占 -----occupy, take up, account for, gain

24. 平均---mean, average • 趋势---tendency, trend, inclination • 预见--- prediction • 达到顶峰---amount to • 占比例---gain the percentage of • 有一个稳定的过程---a stable period can be seen • 最高-----reach a highest point/the top/the summit/the peak • 最低-----reach a lowest point/the bottom//rock bottom • 相比----by contract, on the contrary, compared with

25. 3)时间幅度词语 • During the period 1970—1999 ; • From 1970 to 1999 ; • Since the early 1970s ; • In 1970------then in 1980-----ten years later … • 数量总计 • amount to … （数量总计）add up tocome to sum up to全部费用合计200美元。Eg.All the expenses (costs) amount to (= add up to) $ 200.

26. 数据变化的表达方式 • The number of … increase/decreasesharply • There is a dramatic drop/ rise in the number of… 统计数据的表达方式 • twice…times as many as… • three…times as much as… • one fifth of … • a half of…

27. 开头、正文、结尾的要点 • (用简单的句子给出尽可能多的信息WHEN，WHAT，WHERE，有特色。) 一般有两种，一种是主动一种是被动。 • 1)The chart /graph / table /diagram (shows, reveal, illustrate, demonstrate, describe, indicate) • 2)/As can be seen from/As shown in/It can be seen from the chart/ graph

28. 结尾句型 (如果没有可以充分说的，可以不用结尾。结尾不要节外生枝。最好不要出现很明显有结尾特征的词语“in conclusion”) • 中间关键句型 要注意认真审查题目，弄清楚要描述的数据究竟代表什么，单位是什么，用什么方式表达。

29. 开头的常用句型 • The first diagram simply records… • The second graph throws a new light on… • The key findings taken from the surveys are as follows… 中间： • This table provides several important points of comparison between A and B. • It is obvious in the graphic that the rate has undergone dramatic changes. • It has gone up considerably in recent years.

30. What is the reason for this change? Mainly there are… reasons behind the situation reflected in the graphic/ table. First of all,…(原因1）.More importantly, …(原因2）.Most important of all… (原因3） 结尾： • From the above discussions, we have enough reason to predict what will happen in the near future. • The trend described in the graphic will continue for quite a long time if necessary measures are not taken.

31. 一般图表作文的特征主要体现在第一段，该段的任务是描述图表同时点明图表所要表达的主题或说明的问题，如：一般图表作文的特征主要体现在第一段，该段的任务是描述图表同时点明图表所要表达的主题或说明的问题，如： • As is shown in the table （or in the picture）...dropped from... in 1994 to...in 1996.According to the figures given in the table, ...has great increased （or decreased） in the past...years （or decades）, reaching...in 1996. From the table we can also see that there has been a sharp decline （or rise） in...It is clear that

32. 常用模版句型 • As can be seen from/in the chart/diagram… • The table shows a three times increase over that of last year. 表格显示比去年上升了3倍。 • According to /As is shown in the Table /Figure/Chart... 　　如表格/图表中显示…… • It has increased by three times as compared with that of ... 　　同……相比，增长了3倍。 • It can be seen from the graph/statistics that... • A has the highest sales figure in the three departments, followed by B and C. (在3个部门中，A的销售额最高，其次是B和C。)

33. The grain production (= output) in our area now is three times as great as that of 1970. • As is shown by the graph, there has been a rapid increase in the population of the country in the past five years. • The rise lasted for two weeks and then began to level off in August. 上升两个星期后，8月份开始平稳。 • It accounts for 30% of the total population.

34. The number of students has reached 500, indicating a rise of 20%, compared to last semester. 学生人数达到500人，与上个学期相比上升了20%。 • from this year on，there was a gradual declined reduction in the..., reaching a figure of... 从这年起，……逐渐下降至…… • As can be seen from the graph, the two curves show the fluctuation of... 如图所示，两条曲线描述了……的波动情况。

35. 实例1----2002年6月真题 • Directions: For this part you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Student Use of Computers. You should write at least 150 words and base your composition on the chart and the outline given below • Average number of hours a student spends on the computer per week • 1. 上图所示为1990年、1995年、2000年某校大学生事业计算机的情况，请描述其变化； • 2. 请说明发生这些变化的原因（可从计算机的用途、价格或社会发展等方面加以说明）； • 3. 你认为目前大学生在计算机使用中有什么困难或问题。

36. Average number of hours a student spends on the computer per week

37. Great changes have taken place in student use of computers in the university. The key findings taken from the bars are as follows.The hours the student spent on computers per week skyrocketed from about 2 in 1990 to 20 in 2000, more than 9 times higher. This rapid increase proves that students were in closer contact with computers. • To account for this phenomenon, people have come up with various reasons as listed below. In the first place, with the drop in prices of computers, more students could afford computers, therefore they could

38. spend much more time with computers. In the second place, the computers were applied to wider and wider use and students had to take advantage of this modern invention. Last but not the least important, the development of society pushed computers into more dormitories. • Whatever the reason, there are still some problems with student use of computers. To begin with, many students still have no computers of their own. What's more, many students use computers only to play e-games and browse porn websites, which causes harm to their mind. （172 words）

39. Investment in Beijing from Different Countries and Regions

40. 自从１９７９年中国对外开放以来，北京在吸引投资合资企业方面已取得了显著成绩。根据图示，不同企业的投资者来自２６个国家和地区。香港的投资额居第一位，占总额的44%。 日本占19.2%，居第二位。美国为第三，占16%。 • 普遍认为，北京从外部投资中受益匪浅。首先，大量合资企业已经建立，这就大大促进了“首都经济”的发展。其次，外资企业为北京市民提供了许多就业机会。这又缓解了北京的下岗工人问题。最后，由于北京和沿海开放城市一样享有许多优惠政策，所以高科技产业在首都迅速发展。 • 至于吸引外资的措施，我认为有如下几点。一方面，我们应该专门努力来改善投资环境。另一方面，我们应该抓住机遇把目前的外资企业管理好。

41. Since China opened its door to the outside world in 1979, Beijing has made remarkable results in attracting foreign business to invest in joint ventures. According to the pie chart, the investors in different enterprises come from 26 countries and regions. Hong Kong investment ranks first, accounting for 44 per cent of the total. Japan’s investment makes up 19.2 per cent, putting it in second spot. Third is the United States at 16 per cent.

42. It is generally believed that Beijing benefits a lot from the outside investment. In the first place, a large number of joint ventures have been set up, which contributes greatly to the development of Capital Economy. Secondly, the foreign-invested enterprises offer a lot of jobs to the residents in Beijing. This in turn relieves the problem of laid-off workers in the city. Finally, the high-tech enterprises in the capital will grow rapidly as Beijing enjoys the same preferential policies as coastal cities open to the outside world.

43. As far as the measures to attract outside investment are concerned, I think they are as follows. On the one hand, we should make special efforts to improve the investment environment. On the other hand, we should take advantage of this opportunity to run the present foreign-invested enterprises efficiently.

44. -4Age • 5-7Age • 8-11Age • 11-13Age • 14-16TOTAL • Going to school21383127 • Going home from school21692231 • Playing in the street89812651202 • Cycling into the street110259247 • Shopping for their parents432132152 • TOTAL9815281217359

45. 题目：表格给出了英国在不同地点和不同年龄段的人所发生的交通事故。请描述一下这个表格。题目：表格给出了英国在不同地点和不同年龄段的人所发生的交通事故。请描述一下这个表格。 • Directions: the table below shows the number of road accidents which occurred in Britain in different places and the ages of the injured persons. Write a report describing the information shown below. • Road accidents in Britain • when /where accidents occurred Age

46. The chart above organizes data about road accidents involving children in Britain by and by when and where the accidents occurred. It can be seen that the incidence of accidents decreases as the children’s age increase and that age correlates with the circumstances surrounding the accident. • For all ages, the most common situation leading to accident is playing in the street but young children were particularly affected.

47. Children between the ages of 5-7 seemed to get into accidents while engaged in activities appropriate to their age, such as shopping for their parents or going home from school. In fact, this age group accounted for the most road accidents of all. Children between 8 and age 11 had the most accidents cycling in the street. After age 11, the number of accidents dropped considerably in all situations.

48. From the chart, we get to know that playing in the street is the most common and universal site of accidents of all ages, but the risks that other sites and situations present vary with the children’s ages.

49. 图表作文： • 正如上面两张曲线图所示，从1990年到1995年蛋类的平均价格不断上升，并且其需求量也相应增加。曲线图还表明，从1995年到2000年期间蛋类价格下降，而且需量也下降。这种现象是很奇怪的并值得研究。根据市场经济法则，需求量增加会引起价格上涨。也就是说，当价格上升时，需求就下降，而当价格回落时，需求就增加。但是现在的现实恰好相反。

50. As is shown by the two graphs above, the average price of eggs was on the rise from 1990 to 1995 and the demand for them increased correspondingly. The graphs also indicate that during the period from 1995 to 2000 the price eggs declined, and so did the demand. The phenomenon is quite strange and worth studying. According to the law of market economy, the increase in demand results in higher prices. That is to say, when prices climb, the demand decreases, and when prices fall, the demand grows. Now the reality was just the other way round.