Presentations involving slides

1. The following file exemplifies: • Title slides • Using figures to complement text. • Placing citations within slides (they should be subtle and not distract the audience from the content) • Full citations at the end of a presentation (given this slide, anyone should be able to find all of the source material you used in preparing your presentation • Acknowledgments (help received in preparation of the presentation) • It does not exemplify the topic of your presentation or the number of slides you should use Presentations involving slides

2. The Truth Behind Wing-Song:Testing the good-genes theory in Drosophila melanogaster. [Modified from presentation given by] Larry Cabral Research Methods in Biological Sciences, Bio 220 CSU, Sacramento

3. Introduction Good-Genes Theory Females chose males based on their genetic quality (Anderson 1994).

4. Introduction Secondary Sex Traits: are sensory displays that raise the success of the possessor in competition over mates (Anderson 1994).

5. Introduction The Thesis Project: is a good-genes theory test that focuses on wing-song.

6. Introduction • Apply a thermal stress • Net reproductive rate • Compare populations

7. Honest Signal The wild-type population will evolve thermal tolerance quicker then the nubbin population. “Dishonest” Signal There will not be a significant difference in the rate of evolving thermal tolerance between the populations. Introduction

8. Introduction Sensory Bias Traits are favored because they already fit an existing sensory bias in females (Ryan 1990).

9. Introduction Chase-Away Theory Females evolve resistance to courtship due to male induced harm (Holland and Rice 98).

10. Introduction Hypothesis There will not be a significant difference in the rate of evolving thermal tolerance between the populations.

11. Materials & Methods: The Fruit Fly

12. Materials & Methods Samples Vail: Seven males and seven females Replicate: 15 vials Population: Four replicates

13. Materials & Methods Subsequent Generations • After laying eggs adults are cleared • Vials placed Into incubator • After 14 days adults are collected and counted. • Assign mates

14. Materials & Methods Environment: • 12 hour photo period • The first four generations at 25C • Remainder of experiment under thermal protocol

15. Materials & Methods THERMAL PROTOCOL (Holland 2002)

16. Materials & Methods Food: • Shelf-life of four weeks • Food prepared for every generation.

17. Materials & Methods Statistical Analysis SPSS 11.0 Software Two-tailed t-test Alpha Risk Level of .05

18. Materials & Methods Time 26 Generations At least one year to complete

19. Materials & Methods Location • California State University, Sacramento • Sequoia Hall • Basement Room 38

20. Anderson, M. 1994. Sexual selection. Princeton Univ. Press, Princeton, NJ. Ashburner, M. 1990. Drosophila: a laboratory handbook. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, NY. Basolo, A. L. 1990. Female preference predates the evolution of the sword in swordtail fish. Science 250:808–180. Bateman, A. J. 1948. Intra-sexual selection in Drosophila. Heredity 2:349–368. Chapman, T., L. F. Liddle, J. M. Kalb, M. F. Wolfner, and L. Partridge. 1995. Cost of mating in Drosophila melanogaster females is mediated by male accessory gland products. Nature 373: 241–244. Endler, J. A., and A. L. Basolo. 1998. Sensory ecology, receiver biases and sexual selection. Trends Ecol. Evol. 13:415–410. Enquist, M., and A. Arak. 1993. Selection of exaggerated male traits by female aesthetic senses. Nature 361: 446-448. Fowler, K., and L. Partridge. 1989. A cost of mating in female fruit flies. Nature 338:760–761. Holland, B., and W. R. Rice. 1998. Chase-away sexual selection: antagonistic seduction versus resistance. Evolution 52:1–7. Holland, B. 2001. Sexual selection fails to promote adaptation to a new environment. Evolution 56:721-730. James, A. C., and L. Partridge. 1995. Thermal evolution of rate of larval development in Drosophila melanogaster in laboratory and field populations. J. Evol. Biol. 8:315–330. Kirkpatrick, M. 1987. Sexual selection by female choice in polygynousanimals. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 18:43–70. Krebs, J. R., and N. R. B. Davies, 1993. The Design of Signals: Ecology and Evolution, Pp. 349–374 in: An Introduction to Behavioural Eco- logy Behavioural Ecology (Third Edition). Blackwell, Oxford, U.K. Moller, A.P. 1988. Female choice selects for male sexual tail ornaments in the monogamous swallow. Nature 332: 640-642. Partridge, L. 1980. Mate choice increases a component of offspring fitness in fruit flies. Nature 283:290–291. Petrie, M. 1994. Improved growth and survival of offspring of peacocks with more elaborate trains. Nature 371:598–599. Ritchie, M. G., M. Saarikettu, S. Livingstone, and A. Hoikkala. 2001. Characterization of female preference functions for Drosophila montana courtship song and a test of the temperature coupling hypothesis. Evolution 55:721–727. Ryan, M. J. 1990. Sexual selection, sensory systems, and sensory exploitation. Oxf. Surv. Evol. Biol. 7:156–195. Schaeffer, S. W., C. J. Brown, and W. W. Anderson. 1984. Does mate choice affect fitness? Genetics 107:S94. Welch, Allison, R. D. Semlitsch, and K. Carl Gerhardt. 1998. Call duration as an indicator of genetic quality in male gray tree frogs. Science 280: 1928-1930. References

21. Image Sources Calendars.com www.calendars.com (accessed 2/2/06) California State University, Sacramento http://www.csus.edu/physics/ (accessed 2/2/06) http://www.csus.edu/indiv/h/hollandb/ (accessed 2/2/06) Genesee Scientific https://www.geneseesci.com/ (accessed 2/2/06) Google Images http://images.google.com/images?q=fruit+flies,&hl=en&lr=&sa=N&tab=wi&sourceid=tipimg (accessed 2/2/06) University College London http://www.ucl.ac.uk/~ucbtcee/flies/Linda_Partridge.html (accessed 2/2/06)

22. Biff Bojangles – Lab mate, counted flies • Eric Cartman – Moral support, wedgies Acknowledgments